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Table 2 The supernatural powers of sacred trees.

From: The supernatural characters and powers of sacred trees in the Holy Land

The supernatural power

Druze (n= 27)

Arabs (n= 24)

Bedouin (n = 34)

References from the Middle East

References from other regions

1. Punishing of the tree violators

88.8

91.6

91.1

See Table 3

See Table 3

2. Granting a divine blessing (barake); petitions for health/wishing tree/tree as mediator to God

77.7

91.6

82.3

[Palestine (40:107:108), (41: passim) (42: passim), (111:48,51)]

[Estonia (173:4); Sierra Leone (174:48); East Africa (175:4); Chad (176; 248); Japan (177:23), (16:10); Australia, New Zealand (23:164)]

3. Breakdown of machinery or vehicles

47.0

62.5

41.1

[Palestine (111:69)]

[India (90: 219–220)]

4. Punishing for false oaths

14.8

44.4

23.5

 

[India (186:266)]

5. Protection of properties deposited underneath.

22.2

25.0

29.4

[Palestine (43:215), (40:102), (178:138)]

 

6. Cure of ill domestic Animals (circumambulation around the tree)

33.3

8.3

2.9

 

[Scotland (179, II:184–185)]

7. Parts of the tree used as medicine

29.6

20.8

17.6

Palestine (87: 66);, Egypt (46:56)]

[Pagan Europe (35:276) East Africa (180:278, 279)]

8. Parts of the tree used as a talisman

22.2

12.5

11.7

[Palestine (181:129); Egypt (182:11)]

Ancient Celts (51:199); Ireland (20:36,38); East Africa (Kikuyu, 175:5); India (27:590,(6:24)]

9. Food/objects are placed under the tree to absorb the barake

18.5

25.0

11.6

[Palestine (111:52)]

 

10. Shelter from violence/revenge/

18.5

16.6

11.7

 

[Ancient Greece (53:173, (37:335), (53:173), (13:51), (17:221–228); Rome (133: passim),(50:68); Ghana (183:149), (184;129) India (100:241,252)]

11. Sleeping/resting under the tree as a barake/medicine

14.8

0

0

[Palestine (74:I:448); Arabia (14:50), (91:331), (185:30)]

[Many countries (179, II:169–173)]

12. Crawling under the tree/through the split in the trunk for a cure

0

0

0

Lebanon (122:16),(67:2430; Syria (28: 179)]

Ancient Celts (51:331); Pagan Europe (179, II: 173,169–171), (14:50); Britain (187:129)]