From: Locating farmer-based knowledge and vested interests in natural resource management: the interface of ethnopedology, land tenure and gender in soil erosion management in the Manupali watershed, Philippines
Causes
Percent reporting
Rolling/sloping topography
30.23
Continuous/heavy rain
18.60
Continuous cultivation
Use of tractors
13.95
Deforestation
11.62
Hard/compact soil
2.30
Lack of run-off canal
Farmer laziness