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Table 5 Treatment regimens

From: Johan Turi’s animal, mineral, vegetable cures and healing practices: an in-depth analysis of Sami (Saami) folk healing one hundred years ago

Method

  Source

Use(s)

Method summary

References

bloodletting

T1 p. 119

aches and pains of hip, back, chest, headache, shoulder, and acute shooting pains in other parts of the body

bloodletting at specific locations*

A: [12, 13]

B: [79]

cupping

T1 p. 120

for various sorts of headache, back and chest pain, toothaches, and sore legs

cupping at specific locations using an animal horn*

A: [12, 13, 29, 56]

divination

T1, T2 p. 111–112, XI

prediction of weath, luck, impending death

divination by examining bird and animal behavior*

A: [13, 29, 56]

T1 p. 135

to see what is happening at different places

divination by looking into alcoholic beverages*

A: [13, 29, 56]

edema

T1 p. 124

constipation, urinary stoppage

application of an edema made from either oatmeal and warm water or reindeer bone fat and warm water

A: [12, 13]

lancing

T1 p. 121

toothache

stab the sore gland near tooth with an awl, release at least three drops of blood

A: [12]

magic

T2 L

preventing misfortune

recite an incantation**

A: [13, 29, 56]

magic (harm)

T1, T2 p. 133–137,III, V-XIV, XLXLVII, LIV, LV

invoking supernatural aggression

recruit the help of a noaidi spirit worker*

 

magic (ingestion of human subtances)

T2 XIII, XVI, XLVIII

unreciprocated love

secretly give a small amount of blood, skin, or sweat to a person to eat to make them fall in love*

A: [29]

C: [2528]

magic (object)

T1 p. 115

maintaining good luck in legal matters

steal a snakestone*

A: [12, 29, 56]

magic (offerings)

T1 p. 13, 111, 134

maintaining good luck

leave offerings of reindeer carcasses, fish fat, and other precious objects at sacred sites*

A: [13, 29, 56]

magic (offerings)

T1, T2 p. 85, 156, 159,167, I-III

maintaining good luck

leave offerings of brass, gold, or silver coins at sacred sites, or pour portions of coffee or liquor into the ground*

A: [13, 29, 56]

magic (words and transference)

T2 XXIX

boils

recite an incantation and press a key on top of the boil**

A: [13, 29, 56]

B: [14]

magic (words)

T2 XXXI

wounds caused by an iron weapon

recite an incantation to accelerate healing**

A: [13, 29, 56]

T1, T2 p. 125, XXII

many ailments

recite an incantation, however, not many people are skilled in this area**

A: [13, 29, 56]

T1 p. 125

hemorrhage in chilbirth

recite an incantation along with the administration of bird nest litter boiled in milk**

A: [17, 18]

C: [1923]

T1 p. 128

abscesses and tumors

recite an incantation**

A: [13, 29, 56]

T1 p. 128

difficult labor during childbirth

have the mother say the father’s name and drink some of his urine**

C: [24]

T1 p. 44

prevention of bewitchment on Christmas Eve

recite sections of the Bible by heart**

A: [13, 29, 56]

T1 p. 104

driving wolves away

cut a square out of a fresh wolf snow print and recite an incantation**

 

T1 p. 122

skin eruptions

recite an incantation while rubbing a frog on the affected area**

A: [36]

B: [41]

C: [3640, 4245]

T2 XV

exorcising ghosts

recite an incantation**

A: [13, 29, 56]

T2 XVIII, XIX, XXIII

treating bostta

recite an incantation**

"

T2 XXI

swelling

recite an incantation**

"

T2 XXX

contusions

recite an incantation**

"

T2 XXV

staunching bleeding

recite an incantation**

"

T2 XXVI

strained tendons

recite an incantation**

"

T2 XXVIII

body aches

recite an incantation**

"

massage

T1 p. 124

frostbite

rub the affected area with subsurface snow (“corn snow”)

A: [12, 13, 29]

T1 p. 126

strained spermatic cords

rub gently in an upward direction

A: [12]

C: [80, 81]

T1 p. 126

backache

massage the area, pull and stretch the skin

A: [12, 13, 29]

C: [80, 81]

T1 p. 126

toothache

rub both sides of throat, all around the mouth, neck tendons, and back tendons

A: [12, 29]

C: [61, 86]

moxibustion

T2 XXXIV

swelling

burn a small piece of sailcloth on the affected area

A: [12]

T2 XXXV

toothache, rheumatism, fracture,headache, pneumonia

burn a small amount of fungus (Piptoporus betulinus) directly on the affected area

A: [12, 71, 72]

physical manipulation

T1 p. 167

dislocated joints and fractures

cool the affected bones in a stream until numb then set the bones to the proper positions, secure with a splint

 

poisoning

T2 XXXIII, XLVI

source of poison

collect fluids from a dead body and use as an oral poison

 

resuscitation

T1 p. 24

unconscious infant (strangled by umbilical cord)

suck on mouth and nose, leave cord intact

 

T1 p. 127

fainting

flap victim’s arms up and down

A: [83]

C: [85]

transference

T2 XXXV

toothache

press a bear’s tooth or reindeer jawbone on the affected area*

A: [12, 13, 29, 56]

B: [14]

T2 XXXVII

pregnancy cravings

pass partially chewed food to female dog*

A: [12, 13, 29]

B: [14]

C: [16]

vomition

T1 p. 123

after having swallowed frog eggs or a diving beetle

use rotten fish entrails or a reindeer tendon to induce vomiting

 
  1. *magical treatment.
  2. **accompanying incantation.
  3. A: mentions of similar remedies used in other cultures.
  4. B: historical commentaries on a particular remedy or technique.
  5. C: research that evaluates the possible efficacy of compounds or techniques described in the remedy.