Table 2 Medicinal Flora of Cholistan Desert (Southern Punjab)

1.

Abutilon muticum (Del.ex DC.) Sweet [2510/CIDS/IUB]

Kanghi-buti

Malvaceae

Leaves and roots

Renal stones and heartburn.

Traditional Health Healers [THH]; [60]

Infectious diseases.

2.

Acacia jacquemontii Benth. [2512/CIDS/IUB]

Banwli

Mimosaceae

Bark and leaves

Chickenpox, pain, fever and small pox

[THH]

3.

Acacia nilotica (Linn.) Delile [2513/CIDS/IUB]

Babul or Kikar

Mimosaceae

Leaves, bark, flowers, fruit and gum

Men sex problems, diarrhea, sexual debility, hemorrhages and high blood sugar.

[THH]; [61]

Used as tonic and cure fever.

4.

Aerva javanica var. javanica [2201/CIDS/IUB]

Bui

Amaranthaceae

Root, bark and leaves

Renal stones and upper-respiratory infection.

[THH]; [62]

Constipation and remove gastrointestinal parasites.

5.

Alhagi maurorum Medic [2529/CIDS/IUB]

Jawansa

Papilionaceae

Whole plant

Blood purifier, fever, Jaundice and respiratory diseases.

[THH]; [63]

Increased perspiration, cough, and constipation.

6.

Blepharis scindica T. Anders. [2001/CIDS/IUB]

Gandi-boti

Acanthaceae

Whole plant

General weakness and pain

[THH]

7.

Boerhavia procumbens Banks ex Roxb [2518/CIDS/IUB]

Biskhipra

Nyctaginaceae

Whole plant

Chest infections, renal failure and painful periods in women.

[THH]; [64]; [65]; [66]

Blood purifier. Liver diseases, sexually transmitted infections and sluggishness.

8.

Calligonum polygonoides Linn [2663/CIDS/IUB]

Phog

Polygonaceae

Flowers and green twigs

Sore eyes, severe thirst.

[THH]

Indigestion, sore throat and pain.

9.

Calotropis procera subsp. hamiltonii (Wight) Ali [2005/CIDS/IUB]

Ak

Asclepiadaceae

Latex, leaves, flower buds and root bark

Painful menstruation, uterus problems, asthma, stomachache and muscular weakness. Snake bite, piles, leprosy, sexually transmitted diseases, asthma and joint pain.

[THH]; [67]; [68]

10.

Capparis decidua (Forsskal.) Edgew [2315/CIDS/IUB]

Karir

Capparidaceae

Leaves, fruit and stem

Piles, fevers, painful menstruation, high blood sugar, obesity, indigestion and bone fractures.

[THH]; [69]

Remove intestinal worms, used as sexual stimulant, relieves flatulence, increased perspiration and constipation.

11.

Capparis spinosa Linn. [2316/CIDS/IUB]

Kubber

Capparidaceae

Leaves flowers

Joint, muscle pain, asthma, indigestion and liver disorders

[THH]

12.

Cassia italica subsp. Italica [2314/CIDS/IUB]

Ghoray-wall or Sana

Caesalpinaceae

Whole plant

Arthritis, pain, fevers and indigestion

[THH]

13.

Cenchrus biflorus Roxb. [2531/CIDS/IUB]

Mohabat Boti

Poaceae

Whole plant

Kills intestinal worms

[THH]

14.

Cenchrus ciliaris L. [2530/CIDS/IUB]

Daman

Poaceae

Whole plant

Intestinal worms, increase milk production in cattle and wound healing.

[THH]; [70]

Relieves pain and used as emollient.

15.

Cenchrus setigerus Vahl. [2532/CIDS/IUB

Chuti Daman

Poaceae

Whole plant

Allergies, fever, common cold and intestinal worms.

[THH]

16.

Chrozophora sabulosa Kar. & Kir. [2509/CIDS/IUB]

Nilakari

Euphorbiaceae

Whole plant

Leprosy, contagious infections with symptoms like cough, wheezing, cold, fever, chills, and a sore throat

[THH]

17.

Citrullus colocynthis (Linn.) Schrad [2350/CIDS/IUB]

Tummaor Korr- tumma

Cucurbitaceae

Roots, fruits and seeds

High blood sugar, painful menstruation, numbness or tingling in the legs and digestive disorders

[THH];[67]

18.

Cleome brachycarpa Vahl. ex. DC. [2317/CIDS/IUB]

Noli or

Capparidaceae

Whole plant

Intestinal worms, pain, high blood sugar, and liver disorders.

[THH]

Kastoori

19.

Cleome scaposa DC [2318/CIDS/IUB]

Khastoori boti

Capparidaceae

Whole plant

Itchiness, high blood sugar, used as diuretic and in liver disorders.

[THH]; [68]; [69]; [70]

Reduces fever and pain.

20.

Convolvulus prostratus Forssk [2348/CIDS/IUB]

Hiran-booti

Convolvulaceae

Leaves and soft twigs

Excessive thirst, heartburning, as diuretic, anti-high blood sugar and fever.

[THH]; [61]

Treats constipation.

21.

Corchorus depressus (Linn.) Stocks [2672/CIDS/IUB]

Bhaon- phali

Tiliaceae

Whole plant

Male sexual disorders and as sexual stimulant.

[THH]

22.

Cressa cretica Linn. [2347/CIDS/IUB]

Ooini

Convolvulaceae

Whole plant

Chest tightness and coughing, skin diseases and fever.

[THH]; [71],

Loss of appetite, as tonic and sexual stimulant.

[72]

Sores in mouth and ease cough.

23.

Crotalaria burhia Buch.-Ham. ex Benth [2527/CIDS/IUB]

Chag

Papilionaceae

Whole plant

Reduces fever, joint pain, skin diseases, general weakness and stomachache.

[THH]; [73]

Relieves pain in the body.

24.

Cucumis melo var. agrestis Naudin [2351/CIDS/IUB]

Chibbarr

Cucurbitaceae

Fruit

Inappropriate eating habits and constipation.

[THH]

25.

Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. [2352/CIDS/IUB]

Akashbail

Cuscutaceae

Whole plant

Lice and dandruff, unhealthy skin and itching.

[THH]

26.

Cymbopogon jwarancusa (Jones) Schult.[2533/CIDS/IUB]

Katrin or Khavi

Poaceae

Whole plant

Diarrhea and vomiting, thirst, fever, joint and muscle pain. As diuretic.

[THH]

27.

Cyperus rotundus Linn. [2359/CIDS/IUB]

Moothaor

Cyperaceae

Roots and Deela

Indigestion, burning, excessive urination, high blood sugar, jaundice and fever. Loss of appetite.

[THH]; [74]

28.

Dipterygium glaucum Decne. [2319/CIDS/IUB]

Phel

Capparidaceae

Whole plant

Skin redness and irritation, wounds, unhealthy patchy skin, chronic fever.

[THH]; [75]

29.

Echinops echinatus Roxb. [2402/CIDS/IUB]

Unt-katara

Asteraceae

Whole plant

Jaundice, inappropriate eating habits, indigestion, Chronic liver diseases and sexual weakness.

[THH]

and roots

30.

Euphorbia granulata Forssk. [2506/CIDS/IUB]

Dudheli

Euphorbiaceae

Whole plant

Skin diseases, pain, and high blood sugar. Intestinal worms and constipation.

[THH]; [76]

31.

Euphorbia prostrata Ait. [2503/CIDS/IUB]

Hazar-dani

Euphorbiaceae

Whole plant

Piles, sexual weakness, skin redness and irritation and pain.

[THH]; [76]

32.

Fagonia cretica Linn [2675/CIDS/IUB]

Dhmasa

Zygophyllaceae

Whole plant

Liver diseases, lack of blood, fever, pain and as blood purifier and increase stamina.

(THH)

33.

Farsetia hamiltonii Royle [2313/CIDS/IUB]

Lathi or

Brassicaceae

Whole plant

As tonic and against stomachache and joint, muscle pain and diabetes

[THH]; [77]

Farid- booti

34.

Gisekia pharnaceoides Linn.[2101/CIDS/IUB]

Buloka-sag

Aizoaceae

Whole plant

Jaundice, inappropriate eating habits, fever and pain.

[THH]; [78]

Constipation, remove intestinal worms and skin infections.

35.

Glinus lotoides Linn [2514/CIDS/IUB]

Gandi-booti

Molluginaceae

Whole plant

Diarrhea, poor functioning of liver, externally to cure boils and wounds.

[THH]

36.

Grewia villosa Willd. [2673/CIDS/IUB]

Jalidar

Tiliaceae

Whole plant

Urinary tract infections, liver diseases, eye-ache, sexually transmitting diseases.

[THH]

37.

Haloxylon recurvum Bunge. ex. Boiss. [2335/CIDS/IUB]

Khar or

Chenopodiaceae

Whole plant

Gastric problems and kidney Stones.

[THH]

Sajji

38.

Haloxylon salicornicum (Moq.) Bunge [2336/CIDS/IUB]

Lana

Chenopodiaceae

Whole plant

Bleeding gums, Indigestion and insect stings. Prevent damage to the liver.

[THH];

[79]

39.

Heliotropium crispum Desf. [2321/CIDS/IUB]

Kali-lani

Boraginaceae

Whole plant

Weakness, indigestion and laziness.

[THH]; [62]

40.

Heliotropium strigosum subsp. Strigosum [2311/CIDS/IUB]

Gorakh-Pan

Boraginaceae

Whole plant

Sore eyes, open wounds, sore throat, sore nipples of breasts, jaundice, used as blood purifier and to cure severe cough.

[THH]

41.

Indigofera argentea Burm. f. [2528/CIDS/IUB]

Neel

Papilionaceae

Whole plant

Intestinal parasites and patchy skin.

[THH]

42.

Launaea nudicaulis Less [2403/CIDS/IUB]

Dudhkal

Asteraceae

Whole plant

Chronic constipation and Indigestion.

[THH]

43.

Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forsskal.) Decne [2002/CIDS/IUB]

Khip

Asclepiadaceae

Leaves and shoots

Abdominal cramps, constipation, painful menstruation, obesity and high blood sugar.

[THH]

44.

Mollugo cerviana (L.) Seringe [2515/CIDS/IUB]

Padi or

Molluginaceae

Roots

Fever, burning urination and sexually transmitted diseases.

[THH]; [80];

Sarr

Skin itching and as blood purifier.

[64]

45.

Mollugo nudicaulis Lamk. [2516/CIDS/IUB]

Gandi-buti

Molluginaceae

Whole plant

Chest infection, whooping cough; leaves are applied as poultice on wounds and boils.

[THH]

46.

Mukia maderaspatana (Linn.) M.J. Roem [2349/CIDS/IUB]

Gawala-kakri

Cucurbitaceae

Shoots, roots and seeds

Jaundice, fever, muscular weakness and lower back pain.

[THH]

47.

Neurada procumbens Linn [2517/CIDS/IUB]

Chhapri

Neuradaceae

Whole plant

As sexual tonic and cure general weakness.

[THH]; [62]

As nerve tonic.

48.

Oligochaeta ramosa (Roxb.) Magenitz [2401/CIDS/IUB]

Birham dandi

Asteraceae

Whole plant

Irritation, liver diseases, joint pain and as brain tonic

[THH]

49.

Oxystelma esculentum (Linn. f.) R. Brown [2003/CIDS/IUB]

Dudhani

Asclepiadaceae

Whole plant

Painful urination, sexually transmitted diseases, acne and pain.

[THH]

50.

Panicum antidotale Retz [2534/CIDS/IUB]

Murrot or Bansi ghaa

Poaceae

Whole plant

Severe sore throat, small pox and respiratory tract infection

[THH]

51.

Peganum harmala Linn. [2678/CIDS/IUB]

Harmal

Zygophyllaceae

Leaves, roots and seeds

Emotional disturbances, painful menstruation, seizures, insanity and itchy skin. Abdominal pain and smoke has insecticidal properties.

[THH]; [67]

52.

Pergularia daemia (Jacq.) N. E. Brown. [2004/CIDS/IUB]

Karial

Asclepiadaceae

Whole plant

Intestinal worms, reduces fever, flatulence, chest tightness, stomachache and gynecological problems

[THH]

53.

Polygonum plebejum R. Br [2538/CIDS/IUB]

Chiri-

Polygonaceae

Roots and whole plant

Respiratory tract infections, indigestion, vomiting and diarrhea

[THH]

Hatta

54.

Prosopis cineraria (Linn.) Druce [2511/CIDS/IUB]

Jandi or Jand or kunda

Mimosaceae

Leaves, bark, flowers and pods

Heal wounds, for birth control, blood deficiency, protein deficiency, painful menstruation and joint, muscle pain.

[THH]

55.

Pulicaria crispa (Cass.) Benth. & Hook. f. [2339/CIDS/IUB]

Bui

Compositae

Whole plant

Fever, headache, severe cold, cough and jaundice.

[THH]

56.

Salsola baryosma (Roem. ex. Scult.) Dany. [2337/CIDS/IUB]

Lani

Chenopodiaceae

Whole plant

Remove intestinal worms, itching, indigestion, and sores.

[THH]

57.

Salvadora oleoides Decne. [2667/CIDS/IUB]

Pilu

Salvadoraceae

Fruit, bark and leaves

Nutritive deficiency, inappropriate eating habits, skin boils, high blood sugar, gum bleeding and stomachache.

[THH]

58.

Solanum surattense Burm. F. [2668/CIDS/IUB]

Kanderi

Solanaceae

Whole plant

Joint pain, Fever, used as blood purifier, in breathing problems, severe headache, leprosy, as diuretic, hair tonic and cure abdomen pain, gas trouble, chronic cough and pain.

[THH]; [36]; [67]

59.

Sporobolus ioclados (Nees ex Trin.) Nees [2535/CIDS/IUB]

Poaceae

Whole plant

Severe fever, headache and vomiting.

[THH]

60.

Suaeda fruticosa Forssk. ex J. F. Gmelin [2338/CIDS/IUB]

Kali lani

Chenopodiaceae

Whole plant

Constipation, painful menstruation, red eyes, indigestion and wound healing.

[THH];

[81]

61.

Tamarix aphylla (Linn.) Karst [2671/CIDS/IUB]

Jhao and Ukan or Frash

Tamaracaceae

Leaves, bark and nuts

Liver diseases, indigestion, stomachache, leucorrhoea, sexual weakness and skin problems.

[THH]

62.

Tribulus longipetalus subsp. Longipetalus [2676/CIDS/IUB]

Tirkandi or

Zygophyllaceae

Fruits and seeds

Renal stones, male sexual problems, anemia and general weakness.

[THH]

Bakharra

63.

Tribulus longipetalus subsp. Macropterus [2677/CIDS/IUB]

Tirkindi or

Zygophyllaceae

Whole plant

Male sexual problems, itchy skin, chest/heart pain, piles, bleeding from nose and pain.

[THH]

Bakharra

64.

Withania coagulens (Stocks) Dunal [2669/CIDS/IUB]

Paneer

Solanaceae

Whole plant and fruit

Jaundice, inappropriate eating habits and skin problems.

[THH]

65.

Withania somnifera (Linn.) Dunal [2670/CIDS/IUB]

Asgandh

Solanaceae

Leaves and root bark

Boils, nerve weakness, joint pain and as sexual stimulant.

[THH]; [36]; [67]

66.

Ziziphus nummularia (Burm. f.) Wight & Arn [2664/CIDS/IUB]

Beri

Rhamnaceae

Fruit, bark, leaves and seeds

Skin diseases, cold, cough, stomachache, diarrhea, hair roughness, high blood sugar and help wound healing.

[THH]; [36]; [67]; [82]

67.

Zygophyllum simplex Linn [2674/CIDS/IUB]

Lunak

Zygophyllaceae

Whole plant

Patchy skin, wounds, acne and Bleeding

[THH]