Table 2 List of plants used by the Tibetan people in Gyirong
From: An ethnobotanical study on wild plants used by Tibetan people in Gyirong Valley, Tibet, China
Botanical taxon | Botanical family | Local name(s) | Voucher | Parts used | Local use (No. of URs) and preparation | UR | CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chenopodium album L | Amaranthaceae | Lei1; niu1; niu1-che1-ma1 | QTB-JL-42 | Leaves | Food: vegetable (14), used to make bun or fry | 14 | 0.111 |
Allium chrysanthum Regel | Amaryllidaceae | Guo1-ba1 | QTB-JL-21 | Roots | Food: vegetable (20), used to make bun or fry; seasoning (7), cook it with pork and potatoes | 27 | 0.214 |
Allium fasciculatum Rendle | Amaryllidaceae | Ou1-ga1 | QTP-EBT-3050 | Aerial parts | Food: vegetable (10), used to make bun or fry; seasoning (7), cook it with pork and potatoes | 17 | 0.135 |
Allium prattii C.H.Wright | Amaryllidaceae | Ru1-ba1; ri1-guo1 | QTP-EBT-3009 | Aerial parts | Food: vegetable (126), used to make bun or fry; seasoning (9), cook it with pork and potatoes | 141 | 1.119 |
Allium przewalskianum Regel | Amaryllidaceae | Ri1-guo1; zen1-bu1 | QTP-EBT-3200 | Leaves | Food: seasoning (19), as part of the dip; economic (1), be sold in stores | 20 | 0.159 |
Allium wallichii Kunth | Amaryllidaceae | Ru1-guo1 | QTB-JL-55 | Aerial parts | Food: seasoning (6), cook it with pork and potatoes or as part of the dip | 6 | 0.048 |
Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels | Apiaceae | Dang1-gui1 | QTB-JL-41 | Roots | Medicine: tonic (3), cook it with meat | 3 | 0.024 |
Carum carvi L | Apiaceae | Guo1-nie1 | QTB-JL-63 | Leaves; seeds | Food: vegetable (25), the leaves are cooked with other ingredients; seasoning (35), use seeds to make a dip or a sausage; medicine: gastralgia (5), seed soak in water | 65 | 0.516 |
Chaerophyllum villosum Wall. ex DC | Apiaceae | Da1-ga1-li1 | QTB-JL-20 | Leaves | Economic (3), be sold in stores; food: seasoning (1), cook its leaves with meat; fodder (1): the leaves are used to feed cattle | 5 | 0.040 |
Heracleum candicans Wall. ex DC | Apiaceae | Jiong4-wa1-dong1-bu4 | QTB-JL-43 | Aerial parts | Medicine: headache (1); soak in water | 1 | 0.008 |
Aralia sp. | Araliaceae | Jia1-ra3-cei3-ma1 | QTB-JPG-10 | Leaves | Food: vegetable (2), cook vegetable | 2 | 0.016 |
Aralia tibetana G.Hoo | Araliaceae | Dai1-ga1-ni1 | QTB-JL-46 | Whole plant | Fodder (5): the leaves are used to feed cattle | 5 | 0.040 |
Panax pseudoginseng Wall | Araliaceae | San1-jing1 | QTP-EBT-3084 | Roots | Medicine: tonic (30), soak in water; economic (25): be sold in stores | 55 | 0.437 |
Polygonatum cirrhifolium (Wall.) Royle | Asparagaceae | ra3-mu1-xia3-jia1 | QTB-JL-1 | Aerial parts; roots | Food: vegetable (26), cook vegetable; economic (8), be sold in store; medicine: nephropathy (11), roots soak in water or make soup | 35 | 0.278 |
Polygonatum sibiricum Redouté | Asparagaceae | Rang3-ma1-xia-jia1 | QTB-JL-26 | Roots; aerial parts | Medicine: tonic (15), roots soak in water or make soup; food: vegetable (45), cook vegetable; economic (12), be sold in store; fodder (3): used to feed cattle | 75 | 0.595 |
Artemisia calophylla Pamp | Asteraceae | Bang1-ma1 | QTB-JL-50 | Aerial parts | Ritual use (4), used to burn in incense burner; medicine: rheumatism (72): used it to sweat steaming or leaves soak in water to drink | 76 | 0.603 |
Artemisia japonica Thunb | Asteraceae | Kang1-ba1 | QTB-JL-59 | Aerial parts | Ritual use (60), used to burn in incense burner; medicine: detoxification (23), soak in water; economic (4): be sold in store | 87 | 0.690 |
Artemisia younghusbandii J. R. Drumm. ex Pamp | Asteraceae | Sang1-kang3-ba1 | QTB-JL-49 | Aerial parts | Ritual use (4), used to burn in incense burner; medicine: rheumatism (4), used it to sweat steaming or leaves soak in water to drink | 8 | 0.063 |
Galinsoga parviflora Cav | Asteraceae | Cuo1-ma1 | QTP-JPG-6 | Whole plants | Fodder (1): used to feed cattle | 1 | 0.008 |
Leontopodium souliei Beauverd | Asteraceae | Ba1-wa1 | EBT-PL-99 | Leaves | Tool (2), used it to start a fire | 2 | 0.016 |
Saussurea tridactyla Sch.Bip. ex Hook.f | Asteraceae | Gang3-la1-mei3-duo3 | QTB-JL-66 | Whole plants | Economic (36), be sold in store; medicine: arthrophlogosis (46): soaked in water | 82 | 0.651 |
Taraxacum sikkimense Hand.-Mazz | Asteraceae | se4-ji4-mei3-duo3 | QTB-JL-110 | Whole plant | Medicine: endocrine (3), soaked in water; economic (2), be sold in store | 5 | 0.040 |
Impatiens bicornuta Wall | Balsaminaceae | Po1-zi1 | QTB-JL-73 | Seeds | Varnish (12), used to polish furniture | 12 | 0.095 |
Impatiens falcifer Hook.f | Balsaminaceae | Po1-zi1 | QTB-JL-15 | Seeds | Varnish (14), used to polish furniture | 14 | 0.111 |
Impatiens scabrida DC | Balsaminaceae | Po1-zi1 | QTB-JL-70 | Seeds | Varnish (13), used to polish furniture | 13 | 0.103 |
Impatiens sulcata Wall | Balsaminaceae | Po1-zi1 | QTB-JL-62 | Seeds | Varnish (11), used to polish furniture | 11 | 0.087 |
Berberis angulosa Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson | Berberidaceae | jiu1-bo1; jiu1-le1-bu1 | QTB-JL-113 | Leaves; fruits; branches | Medicine: diarrhea (1), soaked in water; food: fruit (7), raw; fuelwood (2): used to burn | 10 | 0.079 |
Berberis aristata DC | Berberidaceae | jiu1-lu1-xin1 | QTB-JL-28 | Fruits; branches | Fuelwood (3), used to burn; food: fruit (2), raw | 5 | 0.040 |
Berberis xanthophlaea Ahrendt | Berberidaceae | giu1-lu1; giu1-le1-bu1; gei1-lu1-mi3-xia4 | QTB-JL-27 | Barks; fruits | Dyes (10), used to dye wool yellow; food: fruit (4), raw | 14 | 0.111 |
Stauntonia angustifolia (Wall.) R.Br. ex Wall | Berberidaceae | pa1-ji1 | QTP-JPG-2 | Fruits | Food: fruit (2), raw | 2 | 0.016 |
Betula utilis D.Don | Betulaceae | da4-ge1-ba1 | QTB-JL-7 | Burls; branches; stems | Medicine: diabetes (8), soak in water; economic (2), be sold in store; fuelwood (14), used to burn; craft (7), used to make Tibetan traditional wooden bowls; ritual use (8), used to burn in incense burner; tool (6), used to make cooking utensils | 37 | 0.294 |
Onosma hookeri C.B. Clarke | Boraginaceae | Guo1-mu1-mu1-zi1 | QTP-EBT-3052 | Roots | Medicine: hair follicle (4), soaked in canola oil and apply to the head; eczema (4); ritual use (7), used to burn in incense burner; economic (1), be sold in store | 16 | 0.127 |
Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik | Brassicaceae | Du1-yang1 | QTB-JL-34 | Aerial parts | Food: vegetable (8), cooked vegetable | 8 | 0.063 |
Thlaspi arvense L | Brassicaceae | Mang3-ru1 | QTB-JL-35 | Leaves | Food: vegetable (10), cooked vegetable | 10 | 0.079 |
Cannabis sativa L | Cannabaceae | Si1-ma1 | QTB-JL-78 | Barks | Tool (8); fodder (4), used to feed cattle | 12 | 0.095 |
Dipsacus asper Wall. ex C.B. Clarke | Caprifoliaceae | Lang1-zhu1-ma1 | QTP-EBT-3053 | Aerial parts | Fodder (1), used to feed cattle | 1 | 0.008 |
Lonicera sp. | Caprifoliaceae | se4-le4-qin1-mei3-duo3 | EBT-PL-42 | Flowers | Economic (2), be sold in store | 2 | 0.016 |
Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC | Caprifoliaceae | Bang1-bu4 | QTB-JL-123 | Roots | Ritual use (87), used to burn in incense burner; economic (1), be sold in store; medicine: relieving cough and asthma (4), soaked in water | 92 | 0.730 |
Coriaria terminalis Hemsl | Coriariaceae | da1-lu1 | QTP-EBT-3005 | Fruits | Food: fruit (1), raw | 1 | 0.008 |
Rhodiola himalensis (D. Don) S.H. Fu | Crassulaceae | suo3-la1-ma3-bu4 | QTB-JL-124 | Stems | Medicine: tonic (20), hypertension (28), soaked in water; economic (19), be sold in store; ritual use (3), used to burn in incense burner | 70 | 0.556 |
Cyclanthera pedata (L.) Schrad | Cucurbitaceae | ra3-ru1 | QTB-JPG-12 | Fruits | Food: vegetable (7), cooked vegetable | 7 | 0.056 |
Herpetospermum pedunculosum (Ser.) C.B. Clarke | Cucurbitaceae | sei1-lei1; sei1-lei1-mei3-duo3 | QTB-JL-22 | Flowers; fruits | Medicine: diarrhea (12), powder; veterinary medicine: diarrhea (3), powder | 15 | 0.119 |
Solena heterophylla Lour | Cucurbitaceae | ma1-ma1-dong4-cei1 | QTB-JL-80 | Fruits | Food: fruit (6), raw | 6 | 0.048 |
Trichosanthes lepiniana (Naudin) Cogn | Cucurbitaceae | ka1-ge1-di1 | QTB-JL-24 | Seeds | Medicine: fever (1), poder; economic (1), be sold in store | 2 | 0.016 |
Juniperus indica Bertol | Cupressaceae | xiu1-bai1 | QTB-JL-57 | Branches; stems | Ritual use (67), used to burn in incense burner; fuelwood (7), used to burn; craft (6) | 80 | 0.635 |
Juniperus tibetica Kom | Cupressaceae | xiu1-bo1 | QTB-JL-64 | Branches; stems | Ritual use (38), used to burn in incense burner; fuelwood (22), used to burn; craft (20), used to make Tibetan traditional wooden bowls; food: fruit (2), raw | 82 | 0.651 |
Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum (Desv.) Underw. ex A. Heller | Dennstaedtiaceae | da1; da1-gu1; dai1-ga1; da1-li1 | QTB-JL-10 | Leaves | Food: cooked vegetable (86) | 86 | 0.683 |
Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb | Elaeagnaceae | ra1-lu1 | QTB-JL-18 | Fruits | Food: fruit (43), raw | 43 | 0.341 |
Hippophae salicifolia D.Don | Elaeagnaceae | da1-ru1 | QTB-JL-16 | Fruits; branches | Food: fruit (21), raw; seasoning (14), fruit juice is used as a substitute for vinegar; medicine: arthrophlogosis (3), the juice is used to smear the joints; fuelwood (1), used to burn | 39 | 0.310 |
Rhododendron anthopogon D. Don | Ericaceae | po1-lu1 | QTB-JL-115 | Branches; flowers | Ritual use (91), used to burn in incense burner; fuelwood (1), used to burn; medicine: eyes ache (4), arthrophlogosis (4), flowers are used to soak water; beverage (6), soak in water; economic (4), be sold in store | 110 | 0.873 |
Rhododendron arboreum Sm | Ericaceae | mei3-duo1 | QTB-JL-30 | Branches; stems | Fuelwood (7), used to burn; craft (9), used to make Tibetan traditional wooden bowls | 16 | 0.127 |
Rhododendron lepidotum Wall. ex G. Don | Ericaceae | su1-lu1 | QTB-JL-114 | Branches | Ritual use (15), used to burn incense burner | 15 | 0.119 |
Euphorbia micractina Boiss | Euphorbiaceae | ta3-lu1-ma1 | QTB-JL-85 | Leaves | Medicine: poisons (2) | 2 | 0.016 |
Cicer microphyllum Benth | Fabaceae | pu3-gui3 | EBT-PL-13 | Fruits | Food: fruit (2), raw | 2 | 0.016 |
Quercus semecarpifolia Sm | Fagaceae | bai1-luo4 | QTB-JL-25 | Stems; branches; leaves | Ritual use (2), used to burn in incense burner; craft (15), used to make Tibetan traditional wooden bowls; fuelwood (48); fodder (5), used to feed cattle; food: starch (4), cooked fruit | 74 | 0.587 |
Gentiana veitchiorum Hemsl | Gentianaceae | bang1-jie1-mei3-duo3 | QTP-EBT-3024 | Whole plant | Medicine: fever (18), soaked in water | 18 | 0.143 |
Swertia cordata (Wall. ex G. Don) C.B. Clarke | Gentianaceae | di1-ge1-da1 | QTP-EBT-3111 | Aerial parts | Medicine: fever (10), soak in water; economic (2); veterinary medicine (1), soak in water | 13 | 0.103 |
Isoetes hypsophila Hand.-Mazz | Isoetaceae | pa1-xia4 | QTP-JPG-3 | Leaves | Food: vegetable (25), cooked vegetable | 25 | 0.198 |
Juglans regia L | Juglandaceae | da1-ba1 | QTB-JL-88 | Fruits; stems; branches | Dyes (23), pericarp used to dye the container black; ritual use (9), used to burn in incense burner; food: fruit (9), raw; craft (30), used to make Tibetan traditional wooden bowls; fuelwood (12), used to burn | 83 | 0.659 |
Elsholtzia fruticosa (D.Don) Rehder | Lamiaceae | ma1-zei1 | QTB-JL-48 | Aerial parts | Ritual use (12), used to burn in incense burner; fuelwood (5), used to burn | 17 | 0.135 |
Nepeta densiflora Kar. & Kir | Lamiaceae | pi1-ba4 | QTP-EBT-3060 | Aerial parts | Fodder (3), used to feed cattle | 3 | 0.024 |
Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don | Liliaceae | bai1-mu4 | QTP-EBT-3012 | Bulbs | Medicine: tonic (40), stew or soak in water; cold (20); economic (45), be sold in store; veterinary medicine (1), soak in water; food: fruit (2), raw | 108 | 0.857 |
Malva verticillata L | Malvaceae | jiang4-ba1-la1-mu1 | QTB-JL-36 | Roots; leaves | Food: vegetable (25), cooked vegetable | 25 | 0.198 |
Paris polyphylla Sm | Melanthiaceae | bo1-luo3 | QTP-EBT-3085 | Arieal parts | Ritual use (11), used to burn in incense burner; medicine: stomachache, soaked in water or wine (10); economic (2), be sold in store; vegetable (28), cooked vegetable | 51 | 0.405 |
Gastrodia elata Blume | Orchidaceae | tian3-ma3 | QTP-JPG-3292 | Roots | Economic (29), be sold in store; medicine: headache (6), cardiopathy (40), slice and soak in water or stew; food: vegetable (2), used to make soup with chicken | 77 | 0.611 |
Gymnadenia orchidis Lindl | Orchidaceae | wang1-bu1-la1-ba1 | QTB-JL-56 | Roots | Medicine: pulmonary disease (5), soak in water or wine; burn (32), acne (38), used to daub affected area; economic (31); ritual use (10), raw materials for making Tibetan incense | 116 | 0.921 |
Phytolacca acinosa Roxb | Phytolaccaceae | Wo1-yang1 | QTB-JL-84 | Leaves | Food: vegetable (13), cooked vegetable | 13 | 0.103 |
Larix potaninii var. himalaica (W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu) Farjon & Silba | Pinaceae | Long3-xin1 | QTP-JPG-7 | Branches; stems | Fuelwood (4), used to burn; craft (9), used to make Tibetan traditional wooden bowls | 13 | 0.103 |
Pinus wallichiana A.B.Jacks | Pinaceae | Nong1-xin1; tang3-xin1 | QTB-JL-39 | Branches; stems | Fuelwood (44), used to burn; craft (7), used to make Tibetan traditional wooden bowls; ritual use (11), used to burn in incense burner; food: vegetable (7), cooked vegetable | 73 | 0.579 |
Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora (Pennell) D.Y.Hong | Plantaginaceae | di1-da1; hong1-lei1 | QTB-JL-67 | Roots | Medicine: cold and fever (107), soaked in water; economic (18), be sold in store; veterinary medicine: fever (3), soak in water | 128 | 1.016 |
Plantago asiatica L | Plantaginaceae | wo1-ma1-ka1 | QTP-EBT-3117 | Aerial parts | Medicine: hypertension (4), soaked in water; food: vegetable (3), cooked vegetable | 7 | 0.056 |
Plantago asiatica subsp. densiflora (J.Z.Liu) Z.Y.Li | Plantaginaceae | ou3-ma1-ka3 | QTB-JL-12 | Leaves; roots | Medicine: hypertension (2), soaked in water; food: vegetable (3), cooked vegetable | 5 | 0.040 |
Avena fatua L | Poaceae | sei1-za1-ba1 | QTB-JPG-11 | Aerial parts | Fodder (1), used to feed cattle | 1 | 0.008 |
Fargesia sp. | Poaceae | niu1-dong1 | QTB-JL-118 | Stems | Economic (1), be sold in store; food: vegetable (66), cooked vegetable; craft (19), used to make bamboo plaits; ritual use (6), used to burn in incense burner; fuelwood (2), used to burn; fodder (7), used to feed cattle | 101 | 0.802 |
Poaceae sp. | Poaceae | zang4-ong1-bu4 | QTP-JPG-8 | Whole plant | Fodder (7), used to feed cattle | 7 | 0.056 |
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench | Polygonaceae | bai1-bi1-ya1 | QTB-JL-60 | Arieal parts | Fodder (3), used to feed cattle | 3 | 0.024 |
Fallopia denticulata (C.C.Huang) Holub | Polygonaceae | a1-lang1-ba1-lang1 | QTB-JL-122 | Aerial parts; roots | Fodder (2), used to feed cattle; medicine: diarrhea (5), hair follicle (2), soak in water | 9 | 0.071 |
Koenigia tortuosa (D.Don) T.M.Schust. & Reveal | Polygonaceae | nia1-luo1 | QTB-JL-4 | Aerial parts; stems | Dye (6), used to dye wooden bowls or clothes yellow; fodder (8), used to feed cattle; food: fruit (4), raw | 18 | 0.143 |
Pteroxygonum denticulatum (C.C.Huang) T.M.Schust. & Reveal | Polygonaceae | ren3-bu1 | QTB-JL-45 | Aerial parts | Fodder (2), used to feed cattle | 2 | 0.016 |
Rheum australe D. Don | Polygonaceae | qu1-wa1; jiong1 | QTB-JL-3 | Stems; roots | Fruit (17), raw eat tender stem; dye (53), used to dye wooden bowls or clothes yellow | 70 | 0.556 |
Rumex nepalensis Spreng | Polygonaceae | xiu1-ma1 | EBT-PL-86 | Aerial parts | Fodder (2), used to feed cattle | 2 | 0.016 |
Aconitum jilongense W.T.Wang & L.Q.Li | Ranunculaceae | beng3-ga1 | QTB-JPG-1 | Roots | Medicine: diarrhea (24), soak in water | 24 | 0.190 |
Clematis rehderiana Craib | Ranunculaceae | ba1-ji1-ma1 | EBT-PL-84 | Leaves | Food: vegetable (2), cooked vegetable | 2 | 0.016 |
Delphinium kamaonense Huth | Ranunculaceae | jia1-bei1-mei1-duo1 | QTB-JL-37 | Aerial parts | Fodder (1), used to feed cattle | 1 | 0.008 |
Eriocapitella rivularis (Buch.-Ham. ex DC.) Christenh. & Byng | Ranunculaceae | cei1-di1-ma1 | QTB-JPG-9 | Aerial parts | Fodder (1), used to feed cattle | 1 | 0.008 |
Gymnaconitum gymnandrum (Maxim.) Wei Wang & Z.D.Chen | Ranunculaceae | zen1-du1; du3-wa1-ten3-du1 | QTP-EBT-3097 | Roots | Medicine: poisons (16), rheumatism (16), soaked in water and apply to the affected area; economic (4), be sold in store | 36 | 0.286 |
Berchemia flavescens (Wall.) Wall. ex Brongn | Rhamnaceae | bo1-ge1-da4 | QTB-JL-93 | Fruits | Food: fruit (45), raw | 45 | 0.357 |
Argentina anserina (L.) Rydb | Rosaceae | chu1-ma1 | QTP-EBT-3055 | Roots | Food: starch (60), cooked and eat with yogurt or rice | 60 | 0.476 |
Chaenomeles thibetica T.T.Yu | Rosaceae | bai1-la1 | QTB-JL-109 | Fruits | Food: fruit (19), raw; fuelwood (3), used to burn | 22 | 0.175 |
Fragaria nubicola (Lindl. ex Hook.f.) Lacaita | Rosaceae | long1-mei1; sei1-duo1-zhe3-xin1 | QTB-JL-9 | Fruits; stems | Fruit (83), raw; ritual use (3), used to burn in incense burner | 86 | 0.683 |
Griffitharia vestita (Wall. ex G.Don) Rushforth | Rosaceae | na1-zi1 | QTB-JL-5 | Fruits; branches | Food: fruit (55), raw; fuelwood (1), used to burn; ritual use (2), used to burn in incense burner | 58 | 0.460 |
Prinsepia utilis Royle | Rosaceae | bu1-long1-che4-mang1 | QTB-JL-38 | Seeds | Economic (9), be sold in store | 9 | 0.071 |
Prunus holosericea (Batal.) Kost | Rosaceae | a1-lu1-ba3-lu1 | QTB-JL-91 | Fruits | Food: fruit (6), raw | 6 | 0.048 |
Prunus mira Koehne | Rosaceae | kang3-bu4 | QTB-JL-69 | Fruits | Food: fruit (53), raw | 53 | 0.421 |
Rosa macrophylla Lindl | Rosaceae | sei1-duo1 | QTB-JL-29 | Branches; fruits | Fuelwood (3), used to burn; food: fruit (11), raw | 14 | 0.111 |
Rosa sericea Lindl | Rosaceae | gu1-jiu1-ma1; gun1-zhong1 | QTB-JL-17 | Fruits; branches | Food: fruit (91), raw; fuelwood (1), used to burn; medicine: digestion (1), raw | 94 | 0.746 |
Rubus aurantiacus Focke ex Sarg | Rosaceae | ni1-na1 | QTB-JL-14 | Fruits | Food: fruit (6), raw | 6 | 0.048 |
Rubus austrotibetanus T.T.Yu & L.T.Lu | Rosaceae | nia1-lang1 | QTB-JL-82 | Fruits | Food: fruit (55), raw | 55 | 0.437 |
Rubus biflorus Buch.-Ham. ex Sm | Rosaceae | nie1-sen1; nia1-lang1 | QTB-JL-83 | Fruits | Food: fruit (9), raw | 9 | 0.071 |
Rubus niveus Thunb | Rosaceae | nia1-lang2 | QTB-JL-13 | Fruits | Food: fruit (68), raw | 68 | 0.540 |
Thomsonaria ochracea (Hand.-Mazz.) Rushforth | Rosaceae | ca1-le1-ba1 | QTB-JL-92 | Branches | Fuelwood (17), used to burn; tool (3), used to make handle; ritual use (1), used to burn in incense burner | 21 | 0.167 |
Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim | Rutaceae | ei1-ma1 | QTB-JL-8 | Fruits; seeds | Food: seasoning (83), vegetable (14), cooked it with meat; economic (3), be sold in store; medicine: endocrine (3), raw or soak in water; fuelwood (1), used to burn | 104 | 0.825 |
Salix babylonica f. babylonica | Salicaceae | jiang1-ma1 | QTB-JL-108 | Branches | Fodder (5), used to feed cattle; fuelwood (3), used to burn; ritual use (3), used to burn in incense burner | 11 | 0.087 |
Salix trichocarpa C.F. Fang | Salicaceae | lang1-ma1 | QTB-JL-47 | Branches; flowers; stems | Fuelwood (15), used to burn; ritual use (14), used to burn in incense burner; fodder (1), used to feed cattle; craft (3), used to make wooden bowl; food: vegetable (2), flower buds can be fried and eaten | 35 | 0.278 |
Schisandra elongata (Blume) Baill | Schisandraceae | gong1-zhu1 | QTB-JL-117 | Fruits | Food: fruit (7), raw | 7 | 0.056 |
Tamarix chinensis Lour | Tamaricaceae | ong1-bu4 | QTB-JL-18 | Branches | Ritual use (1), burned to sacrifice to the dead | 1 | 0.008 |
Taxus wallichiana Zucc | Taxaceae | sei1-ge1-xia4 | QTB-JL-31 | Branches; fruits | Fuelwood (11), used to burn; food: fruit (5), raw | 16 | 0.127 |
Urtica ardens Link | Urticaceae | suo3-wa1 | QTP-JPG-5 | Leaves | Food: vegetable (36), cooked vegetable | 36 | 0.286 |
Urtica urens L | Urticaceae | suo3-wa1 | QTP-JPG-4 | Leaves | Food: vegetable (23), cooked vegetable | 23 | 0.183 |
Viburnum cotinifolium D. Don | Viburnaceae | gei1-jiu1-ma1 | QTB-JL-51 | Fruits | Food: fruit (4), raw | 4 | 0.032 |
Viburnum nervosum D. Don | Viburnaceae | ka3-la1-suo1 | QTB-JL-102 | Fruits | Food: fruit (6), raw | 6 | 0.048 |