Table 1 Papers identified that relate to TAeK’s drivers of change and impacts
From: Gendered traditional agroecological knowledge in agri-food systems: a systematic review
Drivers of change | Subjects | Main Impacts |
|---|---|---|
Socio-economic and cultural change | Socio-political interventions to foster social development, and knowledge holders’ integration into market economies [93, 96, 105] | Knowledge erosion Due to the technological implementation in response to market forces [12, 50, 57, 69] Biodiversity loss Due to the ever-growing human population [74, 106] Due to mining and logging [93] |
New generations less likely to take part in traditional practices with a clear intergenerational gap in knowledge transmission [31, 64, 96, 107] | Knowledge erosion Due to the modern development and fast changing social dynamics decreasing the cohesiveness of the sociocultural institutions [42, 75, 90] Due to the decreasing transmission from elders to younger people [63, 87, 94, 108] | |
Local traditions compete with modern ways of life [94] | Knowledge erosion Due to the acculturation and loss of local languages [38, 95, 106, 107, 109] Due to social, cultural changes caused by the increase in tourism, improved roadways, expanding urban centres [110] | |
Fast changing sociocultural values and acculturation, and modernity negatively impacting the management and conservation of biological resources [91, 111, 112] | Biodiversity loss Closely linked to the erosion of cultural diversity [57] Due to loss of social learning institutions [113] | |
Migration for work, a modern lifestyle education, or climate change threaten food security [51, 72, 94, 114, 115] | Knowledge erosion Due to outmigration [57] Biodiversity loss Migration for outside work [65] | |
Environmental changes | Due to climate change (e.g. drought and floods, climate variability) [84, 116, 117] | Biodiversity loss Due to the impact of climate change [30, 44, 48, 56, 103, 104] |
Agri-food policies | Oriented to mechanization, modernization, large extensions of monocultures and the integration of external elements, mostly subsidized, as fertilizers, seeds, and insecticides [51, 92, 118] | Knowledge erosion Due to the impact of the Green Revolution program on farming activities [92] Biodiversity loss Due to the energy-intensive agriculture [75] Due to overharvesting [119] |
Increased support for large landowners and the abandonment of smallholder development[120] | Â |