Table 2 List of medicinal plants used for the treatment of human ailments in Habru District, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: scientific name; family; local name; growth form; ailment treated; plant parts used; condition of plant part uses; methods of preparation and application, route of administration, plant part mixed with and voucher number

Barleria eranthemoides R.Br.ex C.B.Clarke

Yeset Af

Acanthaceae

H

Boils

L

F

3

De

2

MA13

Diarrhea

R

F

1

O

1

Wound

R

F

2

De

3

Justicia schimperiana (Hochst. ex Nees) T.Anderson

Sensel, Simiza

Acanthaceae

S

Febrile disease

L

F

10

ODN

6

MA62

Typhoid

L

F

16

O

5

Malaria

L

F

16

O

2

Liver problem

L

F

5

O

2

Agave sisalana Perrine

Chiret, Kacha

Asparagaceae

S

Wound

Lat

F

4

De

2

MA06

Allium sativum L.

Aloe macrocarpa Tod

Nech Shnkurt

Amaryllidaceae

H

Atopic eczema

Bu

F

4

De

3

MA08

Asthma

Bu

F

4

De

3

Common cold

Bu

DF

11

O

6

Dandruff

Bu

DF

1

O

2

Pneumonia

Bu

F

4

De

1

Coughing

Bu

DF

1

O

5

Malaria

Bu

DF

11

O

1

Iret/Iret tafa

Asphodelaceae

H

Gastritis

L

F

11

O

2

MA09

Stomachache

L

F

11

O

2

Malaria

Lat

F

11

O

1

Wound

Lat

F

4

De

2

Achyranthes aspera L.

Telenj

Amaranthaceae

H

Nasal infection

R

F

7

Na

4

MA05

Minor bleeding

L

F

5

O

2

Wound

L

F

5

O

2

Searsia retinorrhoea(Steud. ex Oliv.) Moffett

Talo/Talo Embis

Anacardiaceae

T

Stomachache

R

D

5

O

6

MA96

Tonsillitis

L

F

5,11

O

10

Schinus molle L.

Kundo-berberie

Anacardiaceae

T

Common cold

L

F

8

Na

3

MA107

Jaundices

Fr

D

5

O

2

Searsia pyroides(Burch.) Moffett

Yeahya Talo, Yeregna Qolo

Anacardiaceae

S

Wound

L

D

3

De

1

MA97

Mangifera indica L.

Mango

Anacardiaceae

T

Impotency

Fr

F

9

O

2

MA72

Ferula communis L.

Dog

Apiaceae

H

Impotency

R

D

13

O

2

MA49

Foeniculum vulgare Mill

Ensilal

Apiaceae

H

Headache

R

F

5

O

3

MA53

Stomachache

R

D

5

O

2

Carissa spinarum L.

Agam

Apocynaceae

S

Diarrhea

R

DF

5

O

2

MA22

Constipation

R

DF

5

O

1

Evil spirit

R

DF

8

Na

2

Headache

L

F

4

De

1

Snake bite

L

F

9

O

3

Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T.Aiton

Tobia

Apocynaceae

S

Atopic eczema

Lat

F

4

De

2

MA15

Hemorrhoid

Lat

F

4

De

3

Hemorrhoid

R

F

4

An

4

Periploca linearifolia Quart.-Dill. & A. Rich

Moider

Apocynaceae

C

Diabetes

LR

F

1

O

1

MA111

Asparagus africanus Lam

Yeset Kest, Kestanicha

Asparagaceae

H

Skin diseases

R

F

12

De

1

MA133

Bidens pilosa L.

Yeseytan Merfe

Asteraceae

H

Snake bite

L

DF

5

O

2

MA14

Wound

L

F

3

De

3

Evil spirit

Wp

DF

7

ODN

4

Artemisia absinthium L.

Arity, Natra

Asteraceae

H

Evil spirit

L

F

8

Na

2

MA10

Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass

Nug

Asteraceae

H

Gastritis

Se

D

9

O

2

MA57

Gymnanthemum amygdalinum(Delile) Sch.Bip

Girawa

Asteraceae

T

Stomachache

L

F

5

O

2

MA122

Giardia

L

DF

15

O

2

Wound

L

D

2

De

1

Artemisia abyssinica Sch.Bip. ex Oliv. & Hiern

Chikugn

Asteraceae

H

Evil Eyes

Wp

F

8

Na

3

MA11

Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile

Bedena

Zygophyllaceae

T

Stomachache

L

F

5

O

1

MA12

Dandruff

L

F

4

De

2

Ehretia cymosa Thonn

Wulaga

Boraginaceae

T

Evil spirit

Hp

F

7

Na

28

MA42

Cordia africana Lam

Wanza

Boraginaceae

T

Atopic eczema

L

F

4

De

1

MA34

Cynoglossum coeruleum Hochst. ex A.DC

Fikru-tena, Chigogot

Boraginaceae

H

Febrile disease

L

F

7

NA

1

MA132

Lepidium sativum L.

Feto

Brassicaceae

H

Tonsillitis

Se

DF

5

O

3

MA67

Gingivitis

Se

DF

6

O

2

Fever

Se

DF

1

O

1

Wound

Se

DF

3

De

2

Boils due to bacteria S. aures

Se

DF

3

De

2

Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop

Yewef Gomen

Brassicaceae

H

Skin diseases

L

F

3

De

2

MA109

Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill

Beles, Qulqual

Cactaceae

S

Coughing

Hp

F

5

O

2

MA86

Capparis tomentosa Lam

Gimero

Capparaceae

S

Evil spirit

R

DF

7

Na

3

MA18

Evil Eyes

R

DF

7

Na

2

Cleome gynandra L.

Abethoye

Cleomaceae

H

Wound

L

F

4

De

5

MA31

Ear infection

L

F

2

Au

10

Evil spirit

L

DF

11

O

12

Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew

Kontir

Capparaceae

S

Anthrax

Se

D

5

O

2

MA17

Carica papaya L.

Papaya

Caricaceae

T

Gastritis

Fr

F

9

O

3

MA21

Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl

Chat

Celastraceae

H

Intestinal parasite

L

F

11

O

1

MA23

Gymnosporia senegalensis(Lam.) Loes

Atat

Celastraceae

S

Eye disease

Fl

F

3

Op

1

MA73

Evil spirit

R

D

5

O

2

Sexual

Impotency

SB

D

9

O

3

Terminalia brownii Fresen

Wyba

Combretaceae

T

Wound

SB

D

7

Na

1

MA116

Kalanchoe petitiana A.Rich

Endahula

Crassulaceae

H

Tonsillitis

R

F

8

Na

4

MA63

Stomachache

R

F

9

O

6

Swelling

L

F

12

De

3

Cucumis ficifoliusA.Rich

Yemidir Embway

Cucurbitaceae

H

Evil spirit

L

DF

7

Na

1

MA36

Rabies

R

D

1

O

2

Stomachache

R

F

5

O

2

Wound

L

F

3

De

4

Febrile disease

L

F

10

ODN

3

Zehneria scabra (Linn.f.) Sond

Hareg resa/Etse Sabieq

Cucurbitaceae

H

Febrile disease

L

F

10

ODN

3

MA125

Wound

L

F

4

De

2

Liver problem

L

F

5

O

1

Cucurbita pepo L.

Duba

Cucurbitaceae

C

Tap worm

Se

D

9

O

1

MA37

Ear lesion

Fl

F

2

Au

2

Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley

Qil

Cucurbitaceae

C

Liver problem

L

F

5

O

1

MA64

Momordica foetida Schumach

Yekura Hareg

Cucurbitaceae

C

Wound

L

F

3

De

2

MA75

Coughing

Wp

DF

7

Na

3

Juniperus procera Hochst. ex Endl

Yehabesha Tsid

Cupressaceae

T

Fire burn

SB

D

2

De

2

MA61

Euclea racemosa L.

Dedeho

Ebenaceae

S

Wound

L

F

3

De

19

MA46

Croton macrostachyus Hochst. ex Delile

Bisana

Euphorbiaceae

T

Atopic eczema

L

F

4

De

4

MA35

Liver problem

B

DF

5

O

2

Stomachache

B

D

15

O

2

Gonorrhea

B

F

5

O

3

Malaria

Fr

F

13

O

1

Chronic skin diseases

L

F

4

De

4

Scabies

L

F

4

De

4

Wound

L

F

4

De

3

Minor bleeding

L

F

4

De

2

Febrile disease

L

DF

7

Na

1

Euphorbia tirucalli L.

Kinchibt

Euphorbiaceae

S

Wound

Lat

F

4

De

3

MA48

Ricinus communis L.

Gulo

Euphorbiaceae

S

Stomachache

R

DF

7

ODN

2

MA98

Ear mites

L

F

3

Au

3

Hemorrhoid

L

F

4

De

1

Scabies

Fr

F

4

O

2

Evil spirit

R

F

5

O

1

Euphorbia abyssinica J.F.Gmel

Kulkual

Euphorbiaceae

S

Hemorrhoid

Lat

F

4

De

1

MA47

Take out spine

Lat

F

4

De

2

Tragia brevipes Pax

Aleblabit, Ablalit

Euphorbiaceae

H

Stomachache

L

F

5

O

1

MA134

Vachellia seyal(Delile) P.J.H.Hurter

Wacho Grar

Fabaceae

T

Wound

L

F

3

De

2

MA03

Trigonella foenum-graecum L.

Abish

Fabaceae

H

Gastritis

Se

D

5

O

1

MA118

Pterolobium stellatum (Forssk.) Brenan

Kentafa

Fabaceae

S

Asthma

B

D

2

Na

2

MA94

Cicer arietinum L.

Shimbira

Fabaceae

H

Malaria

Se

D

11

O

1

MA26

Millettia ferruginea (Hochst.) Bak

Birbira

Fabaceae

T

Skin infection

Fr

D

4

De

1

MA74

Senegalia senegal (L.) Britton

Sibansa Grar

Fabaceae

T

Impotency

R

DF

9

O

3

MA02

Eye infection

B

DF

3

Op

2

Vachellia tortilis(Forssk.) Galasso & Banfi

Korera

Fabaceae

T

Wound

L

F

4

De

4

MA04

Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn

Awrarise/Ader/Gorgoro

Fabaceae

S

Skin diseases

R

DF

2

De

2

MA40

Vachellia oerfota(Forssk.) Kyal. & Boatwr

Ajo, Chelegama

Fabaceae

T

Coughing

B

DF

5

O

1

MA01

Scabies

L

F

3

De

2

Calpurnia aurea (Ait.) Benth

Digita

Fabaceae

S

Diarrhea

R

DF

5

O

12

MA16

Snake bite

R

DF

5

O

2

Excessive bleeding after birth

R

DF

5

O

2

Ocimum lamiifolium Hochst. ex. Benth

Dama Kessie

Lamiaceae

H

Febrile disease

L

F

4

De

24

MA82

Ocimum basilicum L.

Besobila

Lamiaceae

H

Swelling

Wp

DF

4

De

1

MA81

Stomachache

L

F

5

O

1

Ocimum gratissimum (L.)subsp.gratissimum

Damakasse, Kesedama

Lamiaceae

S

Malaria

Wp

DF

4

De

3

MA83

Salvia nilotica Juss. ex Jacq

Hulgeb

Lamiaceae

H

Wound

L

F

4

De

16

MA07

Rotheca myricoides(Hochst.) Steane & Mabb

Misiroch

Lamiaceae

H

Wound

L

DF

4

De

3

MA32

Leonotis ocymifolia (Burml. f.) Iwarsson

Geram Tinjut, Eraskimir

Lamiaceae

S

Swelling

L

D

5

O

1

MA130

Ajuga integrifolia Buch.-Ham. Ex D. Don

Armagusa/Dem Akurt

Lamiaceae

H

Tonsillitis

L

F

5

O

1

MA129

Persea americana Mill

Avocado

Lauraceae

T

Dandruff

Fr

F

4

De

2

MA88

Linum usitatissimum L.

Telba

Linaceae

H

Coughing

Se

D

7

Na

5

MA68

Stomachache

Se

D

9

O

13

Loranthella deflersii(Tiegh.) S.Blanco & C.E.Wetzel

Yebedena Tegedra

Loranthaceae

H

Dactylitis

L

F

3

De

1

MA85

Sida schimperiana Hochst. ex A. Rich

Chifrig

Malvaceae

S

Eye disease

L

F

2

Op

2

MA108

Malva verticillata L.

Lut/Adguar

Malvaceae

C

Vomiting

R

F

5

O

1

MA71

Stephania abyssinica (Quart.-Dill. & A.Rich.) Walp

Yeayit Joro/Etse Eyesus

Menispermaceae

C

Pneumonia

L

F

5

O

2

MA115

Ficus sur Forssk

Sholla

Moraceae

T

Skin diseases

LR

D

2

De

2

MA51

Ficus vasta Forssk

Warka

Moraceae

T

Stomachache

R

F

5

O

1

MA52

Ficus carica L.

Beles

Moraceae

T

Wound

Lat

F

4

O

1

MA50

Moringa oleifera Lam

Shiferaw/Moringa

Moringaceae

T

Febrile disease

L

F

5

O

2

MA76

Myrsine africana L.

Kechemo

Primulaceae

S

Stomachache

LR

DF

14

O

3

MA77

Embelia schimperi Vatke

Enkoko

Primulaceae

S

Tap worm

Fr

D

13

O

1

MA43

Eucalyptus globulus Labill

Nech Bahir Zaf

Myrtaceae

T

Common cold

L

F

5

Na

8

MA45

Coughing

L

F

5

Na

6

Pneumonia

L

F

5

Na

2

Gout

L

F

10

O

1

Headache

L

F

5

Na

3

Febrile disease

L

F

10

Na

4

Myrtus communis L.

Ades

Myrtaceae

S

Scabies

L

D

2

De

2

MA78

Psidium guajava L.

Zeyetun

Myrtaceae

T

Gastritis

Fr

F

9

O

4

MA93

Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh

Key Bahirzaf

Myrtaceae

T

Toothache

L

F

6

O

1

MA44

Jasminum abyssinicum Hochets. Ex DC

Tenbelel

Oleaceae

C

Eye disease

L

F

2

Op

7

MA60

Common cold

R

D

7

Na

10

Olea europaea L. subsp. cuspidata (Wall. & G.Don) Cif

Weira

Oleaceae

T

Dandruff

R

DF

2

De

12

MA84

Stomachache

L

F

5

O

7

Olinia rochetiana A. Juss

Tfie

Penaeaceae

S

Atopic eczema

L

D

3

De

1

MA131

Phytolacca dodecandra L'Hér

Endod

Phytolaccaceae

S

Rabies

R

DF

5

O

3

MA90

Malaria

R

F

5

O

4

Saccharum officinarum L.

Shenkora Ageda

Poaceae

T

Coughing

SB

F

9

De

6

MA106

Cymbopogon martini (Roxb.) Will.Watson

Teje Sar

Poaceae

H

Eye infection

L

F

3

Op

4

MA38

Hordeum vulgare L.

Gebs

Poaceae

H

Weight gain

SB

D

5

O

1

MA58

Afrocarpus falcatus(Thunb.) C.N.Page

Zigba

Podocarpaceae

T

Asthma

R

D

5

O

3

MA91

Evil spirit

R

D

7

Na

2

Bone fracture

R

F

3

De

4

Abdominal pain

B

D

5

O

2

Rumex nervosus Vahl

Embacho

Polygonaceae

S

Warts

L

DF

12

De

3

MA104

Wound

L

DF

3

De

13

Fire burn

R

DF

3

Na

4

Rumex nepalensis Spreng

Kitel Rejim; Tult

Polygonaceae

H

Over blood flow after birth

L

F

17

NULL

2

MA103

Dandruff

R

F

2

De

3

Stomachache

R

F

5

O

1

Wound

L

F

3

De

1

Rumex abyssinicus Jacq

Mekmeko

Polygonaceae

H

Intestinal parasite

R

D

15

O

2

MA102

Thalictrum rhynchocarpum Quart.-Dill. & A.Rich

Sire-Bizu

Ranunculaceae

H

Stomachache

R

F

5

O

1

MA117

Clematis simensis Fresen

Nech Yeazo-hareg

Ranunculaceae

C

Swelling

L

F

5

O

2

MA30

Nigella sativa L.

Tikur Azmud

Ranunculaceae

H

Stomachache

Se

D

5

O

3

MA80

Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf

Kurkura, Geba

Rhamnaceae

T

Gonorrhea

R

DF

13

O

4

MA128

Dandruff

L

F

4

De

2

Ziziphus mauritiana Lam

Kurkura

Rhamnaceae

T

Breast cancer

L

F

5

O

2

MA127

Rhamnus prinoides L'Hér

Gesho

Rhamnaceae

S

Tonsillitis

L

F

11

O

2

MA95

Rosa abyssinica R.Br. ex Lindl

Kega

Rosaceae

S

Tap worm

Fr

F

9

O

2

MA99

Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkman

Tiqur Inchet

Rosaceae

T

Urinary disorders

SB

D

5

O

2

MA92

Rubus fruticosus L.

Enjori

Rosaceae

S

Gastritis

L

D

5

O

3

MA101

Rubia cordifolia L.

Mencherer

Rubiaceae

H

Coughing

L

DF

15

O

3

MA100

Bone fracture

L

F

3

De

1

Stomachache

L

F

5

O

2

Coffea arabica L.

Bunna

Rubiaceae

S

Asthma

Se

D

1

O

1

MA33

Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle

Lomi

Rutaceae

T

Minor bleeding

FrL

F

4

De

3

MA28

Wound

Fr

F

4

De

5

Ruta chalepensis L.

Tenadam

Rutaceae

H

Stomachache

Fr

F

5

O

4

MA105

Evil Eyes

L

F

5

O

3

Common cold

L

F

5

O

3

Malaria

L

DF

1

O

4

Citrus medica L.

Tiringo

Rutaceae

T

Appetite

Fr

DF

5

O

3

MA29

Osyris lanceolataHochst. & Steud

Keret

Santalaceae

S

Rabies

R

F

14

O

2

MA87

Wound

L

F

2

De

1

Dodonaea viscosasubsp.angustifolia(L.f.) J.G.West

Kitkita

Sapindaceae

S

Atopic eczema

L

D

2

De

7

MA41

Wound

L

DF

2

De

5

Eye disease/trachoma

R

D

2

Op

8

Verbascum sinaiticum Benth

Yahya Jero

Scrophulariaceae

H

Febrile disease

L

F

7

Na

11

MA120

Wound

L

F

2

De

12

Physalis lagascae Roem. & Schult

Awut

Solanaceae

H

Varicella zoster virus

L

F

3

De

2

MA89

Wound

L

F

3

De

5

Nicotiana tabacum L.

Tinbaho

Solanaceae

S

Evil spirit

L

F

8

Na

3

MA79

Common cold

L

F

4

Na

4

Solanum anguivi Lam

Zirch-embuay

Solanaceae

H

Toothache

R

D

15

O

4

MA110

Solanum dasyphyllumSchumach. & Thonn

Geber-embuay

Solanaceae

S

Coughing

Fr

D

5

O

1

MA135

Snake bite

R

F

9

O

1

Solanum marginatum L.f

Embuay

Solanaceae

S

Head injury (wound)

L

F

4

De

1

MA113

Capsicum annuum L.

Karia

Solanaceae

H

Malaria

Fr

F

9

O

1

MA19

Datura stramonium L.

Astenagir/Atsefaris

Solanaceae

S

Dandruff

L

DF

4

De

1

MA39

Toothache

Se

D

7

De

1

Solanum somalense Franchet

Yeshehochu Kitel/Shejerete Jin

Solanaceae

S

Headache

L

DF

7

Na

2

MA114

Evil Eyes

L

DF

7

Na

5

Febrile disease

L

F

7

Na

2

Fever

L

F

7

Na

3

Evil spirit

L

DF

7

O

3

Swelling

L

DF

3

De

1

Toothache

L

D

5

O

2

Diarrhea

L

DF

5

O

21

Solanum incanum L.

Embuay

Solanaceae

S

Wound

L

DF

3

De

2

MA112

Bleeding

L

F

9

O

4

Swelling

R

F

3

De

2

Stomachache

R

F

11

O

2

Bleeding

L

F

7

Na

2

Capsicum frutescens L.

Mitmita Karia

Solanaceae

H

Camel Flue

Fr

D

5

Na

5

MA20

Solanum lycopersicum L.

Timatim

Solanaceae

H

Malaria

L

F

11

O

3

MA70

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal

Ede-buda/Gizawa

Solanaceae

S

Headache

R

DF

7

Na

3

MA124

Evil Eyes

R

DF

7

Na

2

Gonorrhea

R

F

1

O

2

Syphilis

R

F

1

O

2

Febrile disease

L

F

7

Na

2

Fever

R

F

7

Na

1

Evil spirit

L

DF

7

O

2

Swelling

R

DF

3

De

3

Toothache

R

D

5

O

9

Grewia ferruginea Hochst. ex A.Rich

Lenkuata

Malvaceae

S

Stomachache

B

DF

11

O

2

MA55

Asthma

R

DF

11

O

3

Grewia villosa Willd

Agobday

Malvaceae

S

Broken bone

R

DF

3

De

1

MA56

Grewia bicolor Juss

Sefa

Malvaceae

S

Stomachache

L

F

9

O

1

MA54

Celtis africana Burm.f

Awrarise/Ameleka

Cannabaceae

T

Dactylitis

L

DF

3

De

1

MA25

Urtica simensis Hochst. ex A.Rich

Sama

Urticaceae

H

Warts

L

F

4

De

4

MA119

Verbena officinalis L.

Atuch

Verbenaceae

H

Stomachache

R

DF

11

O

3

MA121

Lantana trifolia L.

Yeregna Kolo

Verbenaceae

S

Eye infection

Fr

D

4

De

1

MA66

Lippia abyssinica(Otto & A.Dietr.) Cufod

Kessie

Verbenaceae

S

Stomachache

L

F

9

O

2

MA69

Lantana camara L.

Yewef Kolo

Verbenaceae

S

Chronic skin diseases

Fr

F

2

De

1

MA65

Tapinanthus globifer(A.Rich.) Tiegh

Yebuna Tegedra

Loranthaceae

H

Diarrhea

L

F

5

O

4

MA123

Cyphostemma adenocaule (Steud. ex A.Rich.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm

Aserkush Tebetebkush

Vitaceae

C

Syphilis

L

F

2

De

2

MA24

Herpes zoster

L

F

4

De

1

Cissus quadrangularis L

Yezhon Anjet

Vitaceae

C

Swelling

Wp

F

3

Na

2

MA27

Zingiber officinale Roscoe

Zingibil

Zingiberaceae

H

Stomachache

Rh

DF

1

O

7

MA126

Common cold

Rh

DF

1

O

15