Table 3 Wild mushroom species recorded in the studied communities, local indigenous and Spanish names, fungal trophic groups, and local uses

Amanita jacksonii

¹Kía kuí nga´a /²Jlapilí gunshal

¹Hongo de San Juan Rojo/²Hongo rojo

E

Used as a substitute for meat. Cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, and onion/fried with onion/in mole, stew, or in Amarillo (a kind of mole traditional of Oaxaca)

Amanita laurae

¹Kía kuí nga´a /²Jlapilí gunshal

¹Hongo de San Juan amarillo/²Hongo amarillo

E

Used as a substitute for meat. Cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, and onion/fried with onion/in mole, stew, or in Amarillo

Boletus sp.

²Jlapilí chiapaneca

²Hongo de chiapaneca

E

Cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, and onion/cooked on the griddle with salt

Calvatia sp.

²Jlapilí gogoye

²Hongo de calavera

S

Cooked on the griddle with salt/cooked on the griddle with salt and eggs

Cantharellus cibarius

¹Kía kie/²Jlapilí kahúa

¹Hongo de flor/²Hongo de calabaza

E

Used as a substitute for meat. Consumed in stew/in mole, or in Amarillo

Craterellus tubaeformis

¹Kía shoo

¹Hongo de montón

E

Used as a substitute for meat in stew

Favolus tenuiculus

¹Kía jitóo

¹Hongo de hamaca

S

Used as a substitute for meat. Cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, and onion/ in stew/cooked on the griddle with salt

Ganoderma sp.

¹Kía shia

¹Hongo de castilla

S

It is toasted on the griddle, then pulverized and mixed with dough, chili, and Epazote (Dysphania ambrosioides)

Hydnum repandum

²Jlapilí mishto

²Hongo de biche

E

Used as a substitute for meat. Consumed in stew or mole/cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, and onion/cooked on the griddle with salt

Hygrophorus russula

²Jlapilí gajlene

²Hongo de frijol

E

Used as a substitute for meat. Consumed in stew or mole/cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, and onion/in tamales

Hypomyces lactiflourum

¹Kía jikie lakie/²Jlapilí kashi

¹Hongo cresta de gallo/²Hongo de chile

P

Used as a substitute for meat. It is the main ingredient for making salads/cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, and onion/in stew, or in Amarillo

Laccaria laccata

¹Kía tische/²Jlapilí shúlk

¹Hongo de riata/²Hongo de raton

E

Used as a substitute for meat. Cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, and onion/cooked on the griddle with salt/in stew, or in Amarillo

Lactarius indigo

¹Kía sanandium

¹Hongo de San Antonio

E

Used as a substitute for meat. Cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, and onion/cooked on the griddle with salt/in stew

Lactarius volemus

¹Kía squí/²Jlapilí fuska-gaja

^1,2Hongo de leche

E

Used as a substitute for meat. Cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, and onion/in stew, or in Amarillo

Lentinus crinitus

³Nat logua quiu

³Hongo oreja de tejón

S

Used as a substitute for meat. Cooked on the griddle with salt/in stew

Neolentinus ponderosus

²Jlapilí góli

²Hongo de ocote

S

Used as a substitute for meat. Cooked on the griddle with salt, and onion/in stew, in mole, or in Amarillo

Pleurotus djamor

¹Kía laat /²Jlapilí poguimé/³Nat majee

¹Hongo de totomoxtle/²Hongo de bobo/ ³Hongo de jonote

S

Cooked on the griddle/cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, and onion/cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, onion, and Hierba Santa (Piper auritum)

Pseudofistulina radicata

¹Kía jikafkhía/²Jlapilí ganmamú

^1,2Hongo de cuachepil

S

Used as a substitute for meat in stew, in mole, or in Amarillo

Psilocybe sp.

¹Kía indiose

²Hongo de Dios

S

It is used for healing sessions and consultations in traditional medicine

Pycnoporus sanguineus

³Nat yöö

³Hongo rojo

S

Used as medicine rubbing the sporome on the face to eliminate skin imperfections

Ramaria flava

¹Kía jikaloó /²Jlapilí jleúla-keitk

¹Hongo de corralito/²Hongo de cacho de venado

E

Used as a substitute for meat. Cooked on the griddle with salt, and onion/in stew, in mole, or in Amarillo

Ramaria sp.

¹Kía jikaloó /²Jlapilí jleúla-keitk

¹Hongo de corralito/²Hongo de cacho de venado

E

Used as a substitute for meat. Cooked on the griddle with salt, and onion/in stew, in mole, or in Amarillo

Rubroboletus dupainii

¹Kía loo

¹Hongo de molleja

E

Cooked on the griddle with salt, and onion/cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, onion, and Hierba Santa (Piper auritum)

Russula mexicana

¹Kía ishino

¹Hongo de chile

E

Used as a substitute for meat in stew, in mole, or in Amarillo

Russula crustosa

¹Kía edjee

¹Hongo de sal

E

Used as a substitute for meat in stew, in mole, or in Amarillo

Russula sp. 1

¹Kía ndad

¹Hongo de frijol

E

Used as a substitute for meat in stew, in mole, or in Amarillo

Schizophyllum radiatum

¹Kía natho/³Nat guo quiic

¹Hongo de oreja/³Hongo mano de lagartija

S

Used as a substitute for meat. Cooked on the griddle with salt/in stew

Scleroderma sp.

¹Kía skuecto

¹Hongo de huevo

E

Cooked on the griddle with salt/cooked on the griddle with salt and eggs

Tricholomataceae

³Nat meec

³Hongo de arriera

S

Used as a substitute for meat in mole or in amarillo

Sparassis crispa

³Nat niiic

³Hongo de niebla

E

Used as a substitute for meat in mole, or in stew

Suillus granulatus

¹Kía jaslia/²Jlapilí tsepi

¹Hongo de pan/²Hongo de nixtamal

E

Cooked on the griddle with salt, and onion/cooked on the griddle with salt, tomato, onion, and Hierba Santa (Piper auritum)

Xerocomus sp.

¹Kía jinóo

¹Hongo de huarache

E

Cooked on the griddle with salt, and onion