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Table 3 Matrix cognition compared
| Local ecological knowledge | Scientific literature |
|---|---|
| Morphological characteristics | |
| “The mero-canapu have thicker scales, spurs, all thicker. It has the eye niggling, which is more darker brown then whiting and a little yellowish beneath the tip.” | Individuals of this species can be distinguished by morphological characters as small eye, wide mouth and coloration of the adult green with dark spots and bright [5, 70]. |
| “Big fish, the scales black with yellow and white flesh, round head” | |
| Habitat | |
| “He lives there, walks in the depth wall, is not a fish to walk so far on deep waters do not. He lives in the place that has a hole he is there, into those places of stone, is a bottom fish.” | Great copolymers are probably sedentary … they display little movement between reefs [14]. |
| “On the stone edge, 50 m depth to around here. It’s fish that lives in rock, very dens, localized at the bottom near the dens.” | In his adulthood, is usually found in shallow waters of the continental shelf (<50 m) associated with various types of substrate, such as reefs, rock formations, shipwrecks and other similar structures [14, 15]. |
| “Experience in the rocks from outside and near the beach. In the stone which dens, is a bottom fish. The smaller (2–3 kg) we caught in the river back here (Almada River), 30 kg onwards is out there with 35 to 60 m deep.” | |
| “Find it in shallow and deep, but is created in the shallows” | The mangroves of the Florida, youth individuals gather in places with high structural complexity and unconsolidated funds [12]. |
| Diet | |
| “ Eat all because it is a larger predator, eats octopus and various fish: tuna, small snappers and parrotfish, up when the animals already greater.” | The more important part of their diet is crustaceans, preferably lobster and crab, although fish and turtles were also found in their stomachs [2]. |
| “The juvenil eats the same thing only smaller fish that takes” | Juveniles eat shrimp, crab and catfish [14]. |
| “The small eat shrimp.” | |
| Reproduction | |
| “Come to shallow to spawn and then back to the depth” | |
| “The spawn is usually on the half moon …” | In Florida the goliath grouper breeding season is occurs from August to September, in time of full moon [7]. |
| “In Itacare is spawning nest of them, once the boats took 5–6 a day. I even took three a day and three in another. In April and May we took there more than a hundred fish.” | In Belize and Puerto Rico have been recorded from July to August on the wreck to 30-45 m depth [2]. |
| Conservation | |
| “ The mero came to Ilheus reef, in a place near the river where the young is so much more guarded and more food.” | The E. itajara is one of the most endangered fish in the tropical Atlantic [20]. |
| “ Without spearfishing, it used to live longer, and it was just bigger, while today it reaches 70 or 80 kilograms and is shipped in large quantities.” | The main threats to E. itajara are anthropogenic, such as overfishing and habitat degradation [21]. |
| “Who is beaten gets to learn, is not it! the fish going harpoon and receiving fish hook, is decreasing production. Many arts, include gillnet, also becomes more difficult to fishing.” | In Brazilian waters, the ban has been implemented for 5 years, during which time studies will address future management options [22]. |
| “In handle bottom- line is rare, in shrimp trawl caught from time to time, and the diver kills everything.” | At aggregation sites off Florida numbers of fish again following the moratorium capture is increasing [2]. |
| “You can be the net both to trawls and lobster, if started a few years back here. The fishnet destroys the stone from the bottom where small fish hide, and the great escape because it has little to eat.” | |
| “It’s not ending, and the population must have increased with the prohibition. That is the logic, isn’t it!” | |
