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Table 1 Lists of ailments treated by local traditional healers in Manang district, Central Nepal, grouped by body system.

From: Ethnomedicinal plants used by the people of Manang district, central Nepal

Body System (Categories)

Ailments treated by the local traditional healers

Skin

warts, wound problems (infections), wounds on skin, abrasions, skin swelling, boils, scabies, cuts and wounds, burns, ringworm, and blisters

Cardiovascular

heart disease, heart pain

Respiratory

shortness of breath, sore throat, chest pain, asthma, bronchitis, reduce sound production (wheezes or stridor) during breathing, tuberculosis

Neurological

numbness of limbs, paralysis, pulse pain, and 'vein pain'

Reproductive

infertility, wounds in vagina 'Bhringhee', quicken labour and delivery, stop bleeding during child birth and to increase sexual power

Gastointestinal

diarrhoea, dysentery, vomiting, stomachache, gastritis, worms (white intestinal worms), anthelmintic, bile disorders, constipation and stomach ache

Orthopaedic

Heal broken bones, bone fracture, back pain, fracture of hand and leg, bone pain, bone diseases, joint pain

Blood

Increases the blood, purification of blood, menstrual disorders (heavy flow), menstrual problems, high blood pressure and blood circulation

Renal/Urological

Kidney diseases, urinary tract infection, diuretic, dysuria.

Muscular

Increase body size, for body massage, 'waist pain', inflammation of body, rheumatism, neck pain, and limbs pain

ENT

conjunctivitis, pain in nose (internal or external), eye pain, stop bleeding from nose, eye diseases, blindness, defects in visions, ear pain, sinusitis, gingivitis, relief tooth pain, cough and cold, and tonsillitis,

Paediatric

massage the head of children

Other/ Whole body/ Systemic

fever (any kind of fever i.e., typhoid fever, malaria), jaundice, headache, high altitude sickness, vertigo/ dizziness, stop sweating, diabetes, cancer, snake bite and scorpion sting, vitamin, nutritious, tonic (to treat weakness), infectious diseases, rib pain (Kokho dukhnu), tuberculosis, edema (swelling of the body), body pain, and pain from swelling