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Table 2 Review of the mushrooms traditionally gathered and consumed in Sicily

From: Wild food plants of popular use in Sicily

Scientific name

Family and Italian vernacular name

Sicilian vernacular name

Traditional recipes in Sicily

Agaricus arvensis Scheff.:Fr.

Agaricaceae

Funcia campagnola, funcia picurina (63)

It is eaten raw or cooked (63)

Agaricus campester L.:FR.

Agaricaceae

Funcia campagnola, funcia picurina (63)

It is eaten raw or cooked (63)

Agrocybe cylindracea (DC.:Fr.)Maire

Bolbitiaceae

Funcia di chiuppo, funcia di Cacciamo (63)

The caps it is cooked in risottos added to the sauce or preserved in vinegar (63)

Amanita cesarea (Scop.:FR.)Pers.

Amanitaceae Ovolo buono

Funcia d'ovu (63)

It is eaten raw in salads with olive oil, pepper and salt (63)

Amanita vaginata (Bull.:Fr.) Lam.f.vaginata

Amanitaceae

Funci palummi (63)

It is eaten but can be responsible for gastro-intestinal disorders (63)

Armillaria mellea (Vahl.:Fr.) Kumm

Tricholomataceae Chiodino

Funcia di chiuppu, funcia di ceusu, funcia di salici, funcia di urmu, funcia di speziu, funcia di aranciu, funcia di pirali, funci di mennula (64)

It is preserved in olive oil (63). It is eaten only well cooked (64)

Armillaria tabescens (Scop.:Fr.) Emel.

Tricholomataceae Chiodino senza anello

Funcia i traversa (63).

It is preserved in olive oil (63).

(Pers.) Morgan

Astraeaceae

Piditu di lupu a stidda (63).

It is edible (63)

Boletus aereus Bull.: Fr.

Boletaceae Bronzino, porcino Nero

Purcini (63) Porcinu niuru, funciu siddu, testa niura (64)

It is eaten raw in salads or cooked in many recipes, it is also suitable for freezing and as alimentary preserves (63). It is edibleand it is consumed from the spring to the autumn (2)

Boletus aestivalis (Paulet) Fr.

Boletaceae Porcino estivo

Funciu di istati (64)

It is edible and it is consumed from the spring to the autumn (64)

Boletus badius (Fr.:Fr.) Fr

Boletaceae

Funcia castagnara (63)

It is edible (63)

Boletus chrysenteron Bull.S.str.

Boletaceae

Funci 'i filici (63)

It is edible (63)

Boletus edulis Bull.:Fr.s.str.

Boletaceae

Purcini (63) Funciu siddu, testa di fagu (64)

It is eaten raw in salads or cooked in many recipes, it is also suitable for freezing and as alimentary preserves (63). It is consumed from the summer to the autumn (64)

Boletus impolidus Fr.

Boletaceae Boleto a cappello granuloso

Funciu d'ogghiu (64)

It is consumed from the summer to the autumn (64).

Boletus luridus Schaeff.

Boletaceae

Funciu vilinusu, musso di voi (64)

It is eaten after well cooked (64).

Boletus reticulatus Scheff.

Boletaceae

Purcini (64)

It is eaten raw in salads or cooked in many recipes; it is also suitable for freezing and as alimentary preserves (64).

Boletus rhodoxanthus (Krombth.) Kallenb.

Boletaceae

Funcia lardara (64).

It is eaten well cooked (64).

Cantharellus cibarius F.:Fr.

Cantharellaceae Galletto, gallinaccio

Funcia spizzera cricchia di jadu Cricchia di jaddu, iadduzzu, ciurittu (64)

It is consumed from the spring to the autumn (63,64).

Cantharellus cinereus Pers.: Fr.

Cantharellaceae

Trombette dei morti (63)

It is dried, ground and used as a substitute for pepper or it is cooked with others fungi as a sauce for pasta and rice (63)

Cratarellus cornucopioides (Linn.) Pers.

Cantharellaceae

Trombetta dei morti (63)

It is dried, ground and used as a substitute for pepper or it is cooked with others fungi as a sauce for pasta and rice (63)

Clytocibe geotropa (Lam&DC.) Quél.

Tricholomataceae Chiodino

Funci i rota, funci filera (63)

It is used cooked with oil and garlic to flavour tomato sauce, pasta or meat sauces (63)

Clytocibe gibba (Pers.:Fr.) Kumm

Tricholomataceae

Funcia campagnuledda (63)

It is cooked with oil and garlic to flavour tomato sauce for pasta or meat sauces (63)

Clytocibe nebularis (Batsch:fr.) Kumm.

Tricholomataceae

Funcia di pampina (63)

It is eaten but can give allergic reactions (63)

Clytocibe odora (Bull.:Fr.) Kumm.

Tricholomataceae Fungo dell'anice, agarico anisato

Funciu d'anici (64)

This mushroom gives a pleasant and intense smell of aniseeds to dishes or it is mixed with others fungi to improve their taste (63). It is eaten in soup with others mushrooms, onion, oil, bread during the autumn (64)

Coprinus comatus (Müll.:fr) Pers.

Coprinaceae Agarico chiomato, fungo dell'inchiostro, coprino chiomato

Calamaru calamaricchiu (63). Funciu calamaru (64)

It is edible (63) and eaten from the spring to the autumn (64)

Chroogomphus rutilus (Sch.:Fr) O.K.Miller.

Gomphidaceae Chiodetto

Funciu vavusu, funciu viscidu di zappino (64).

It is edible and consumed from the summer to the autumn (64)

Fistulina hepatica (Bull.:Fr.)

Fistulinacae Lingua di bue

Lingua di bue (64).

It is eaten in salads added to tomato sauce or preserved in olive oil (63)

Grifola frondosa (Dicks.: Fr.) S.F. Gray

Polyporaceae

Funci di jaddu (63) Rinasca (65)

The young mushroom is ebible (1) and is preserved in olive oil or in winegar (65)

Gyroporus castaneus (Bull. :Fries) Quél.

Boletaceae Boleto castano, fungo del castagno

Funcia di li vigni (63). Funci di castagna, funciu di cannilla (64)

It is edible (63) and consumed from the summer to the autumn (64)

Helvella crispa (Scoop.) Fr.

Helvellaceae Spugnola crespa

Spugnola crespa (63), funci di chiddi rizzi, munachessi (64)

It is edible (63) and consumed in autumn (64)

Hericium coralloides (Scop.:Fr.) Pers.

Hydnaceae

Funcia varvavitrana masculina (63)

It is eaten fried in olive oil (63)

Hericium erinaceus (Bull.:Fr.) Pers.

Hydnaceae

Varvazzi, varva di vecchiu, varvavitranu (63)

It is edible (63)

Hydnum repandum L.:Fr.

Hydnaceae Steccherino dorato

Funciu musca, funci di jaddu (64)

It is edible and consumed from the summer to the autumn (64)

Hydnum rufescens Sch.:Fr.

Boletaceae Steccherino dorato

Funciu musca, funci di jaddu (64)

It is edible and consumed from the summer to the autumn (64)

Hypsizygus ulmarius (Bull:Fr.) Redhead

Tricholomataceae

Funcia d'urmu (63)

It is edible (63)

Lactarius deliciosus (L.:Fr.) S.F. Gray

Russulaceae Sanguinaccio, Sanguinello, Rossella

Lattario (64)

It is cooked in tomato sauce as condiment for pasta or roasted on the barbecue (63). It is edible and consumed from the summer to the first part of winter (64)

Lactarius piperatus (L.:Fr.) Pers.

Russulaceae

Funcia lataria, funcia pipirita (63)

This mushroom is difficult to digest, but it is eaten by a few people who appreciate its bitter taste (63)

Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.) Murrill

Polyporacae Poliporo sulfureo

Funciu di carrubbu (63)

It is eaten in Ragusa province sliced and fried in olive oil (63)

Langermannia gigantea (Batsch:Pers.) Rostk.

Lycoperdaceae

Bissinu, fissinu, sbissinu, ricuttuni (63)

It is edible (63)

Leccinum aurantiacum (Bull.:Fr.) S.F.Gray.

Boletaceae Porcinello rosso

Funciu d'arbaneddu, porcineddu russu (64)

It is edible and consumed from the summer to the autumn (64)

Leccinum corsicum (Roll.) Sing.

Boletaceae porcinello del cisto

Funcia di rusedda, funci ebrei (64)

The caps, well cooked, are stuffed with chopped garlic, onion, olive oil, salt, pepper and anchioves and recoated with bread-crumbs and pecorino cheese (63)

Leccinum lepidum (Bouchet ex Essette) Quadr.

Boletaceae Leccino porcinello, della sabbia

Funcia arancini (63). Liccinu, funci i vacca (64)

It is edible (63) and consumed in autumn (64)

Leccinum scabrum (Bull.:Fr.) S.F.Gray

Boletaceae Porcinello grigio

Funciu di vitudda (64)

It is edible and consumed from the summer to the autumn (64)

Lepista nuda (Bull. : Fr.) Cooke

Tricholomataceae Agarico violetto

Funcia di latticuognu (63)

It is finely sliced and cooked in oil and garlic to be served with other fungi as an accompaniment to meat or a sauce for pasta (63)

Lycoperdon echinatum Pers.:Pers.

Lycoperdaceae Vescia, vescia echinata

Funci ri tabaccu, funci tabbaccari (64)

It is edible and consumed from the summer to the autumn (64)

Lycoperdon perlatum Pers:Pers

Lycoperdaceae

Piditu di lupi (63).

It is edible (63)

Schaeff.:Pers.

Lycoperdaceae Vescia

Piditu di lupi (63)

It is edible (63)

Macrolepiota excoriata (Schaeff.:Fr.) Wasser

Agaricaceae Bubbola buona, bubbola di prato

Funcia picurina (63)

It is edible (63)

Macrolepiota procera (Scop. Fr.) Sing.

Agaricaceae Mazza di tamburo

Funciu cappidinu (63)

The large caps can be coated with bread-crumbs then cooked under the grill while the stipe can be dried, finely chopped and used as a seasoning in cooking (63)

Marasmius oreades (Bolt:Fr.)Fr.

Marasmiaceae Gambe secche, chiodini dei prati

 

it is use as flavouring (63)

Morchella esculenta (L.:Fr.) Pers.

Morchellaceae s Spugnola gialla

Sponsi, cugni di vecchia, ventripecura, funci ventri di pecura (64)

It is edible (63). but only well cooked (64)

Morchella conica Pers. var.costata Ventenat

Morchellaceae Spugnola bruna

Ventripecura, funci ventri di pecora (64,65)

It is edible but only well cooked (64,65)

Pisolithus arhizus (Scop.: Pers.) Rauschert

Pisolithaceae Pisello di pietra

Catatunfuli, falsi tartufi (63)

It is edible (63)

Pleurotus eryngii (DC.:Fr.) Quel. var. eryngii

Pleurotaceae

Funcia di panicaudu, funcia di masticogna, funcia di spina (63)

It is edible fresh or dried, cooked in oven, or roasted it has delicious flavor and taste (63)

Pleurotus eryngii (DC.:Fr.) Quel. var. ferulae Lanzi

Pleurotaceae Fungo della ferula

Funcia di Levanzu, funcia di ferla, funci di ferra (63)

It is eaten fresh or dried, cooked in oven or roasted; it has delicious flavor and taste it is collected from the spring to last part of autumn (63)

Pleurotus eryngii (DC.:Fr.) Quel. var.elaeoselini Venturella, Zervakis & La Rocca

Pleurotaceae

Funcia di Dabs (63)

It is eaten fresh or dried, cooked in oven or roasted. It has delicious flavour and taste (63)

Pleurotus eryngii (DC.:Fr.) Quel. var.thapsiae Venturella, Zervakis & Saitta

Pleurotaceae

Funcia di firrazzolo (63)

It is eaten fresh or dried, cooked in oven or roasted it has delicious flavour and taste (63)

(Inz.) Quèl..

Pleurotaceae

Funcia di basiliscu, funcia di carmu, funcia dii li Madunni (63)

It is eaten fresh or dried, cooked in oven or roasted. It has delicious flavour and taste (63)

Pleurotus opuntiae (Durieu & Lévillé) Sacc.

Pleurotaceae Orecchione

Funcia di la ficurinia (63)

It is eaten fresh or dried, cooked in oven or roasted. It has delicious flavor and taste (63)

Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.:Fr.) Kummer

Pleurotaceae

Funcia di nipitedda, funcia di olivella(63), funci di olivella (64)

It is eaten (63) and consumed during summer and winter (64)

Polyporus arcularius (Batsch) Fries

Polyporaceae

Funcia di suvaru (63).

It is edible (63)

Russula delica Fries.

Russulaceae

Funcia di ilici, funcia piperita (63)

It is cooked in the oven with garlic, parsley, oil, salt and pepper (63)

Russula Heterophylla Fries

Russulaceae

Funcia di ferra (63)

It is edible (63)

Russula virescens (Schaeff.)Fr.

Russulaceae Colombina verdognola

Palummedda virdi (63)

It is edible (63)

Sarcodon imbricatus (L.:Fr) Karsten

Bankeraceae Steccherino bruno

Ventri di crapa (64)

It is edibleand consumed during summer and autumn (64)

Suillus bellini (Inzenga) Kuntze

Boletaceae

 

It is edible(63)

Suillus collinitus (Fries) O.Kuntze

Boletaceae Pinarello

Vavusi, funci i pigna (63)

It is edible(63)

Suillus granulatus (L.:Fr.) Roussel

Boletaceae Boleto granuloso, pinarolo

Vavusi, funci i pigna, funciu di zappinu, funciu di pignu (63)

It is ediblebut it has a strong laxative effect which can be reduced by removing the cuticle and most of the hymenium (63,64)

Suillus luteus (L.:Fr.) Roussel

Boletaceae Boleto giallo bruno

Vavusi, funci i pigna (63) Pinarolu, funciu di zappinu (64)

It is edible but has a strong laxative effect which can be reduced by removing the cuticle and most of the hymenium (63), from the last part of summer to the autumn (64)

Terfezia arenaria (Morris) Trappe

Terzeziaceae Tartufo delle sabbie

Traffulu, catatunfuli janchi (63)

It is eaten roasted or cooked (63)

Tricholoma populinum Lange

Tricholomataceae tricoloma del pioppo

Funci di chiuppu (64)

It is eaten and consumed during the autumn (64)

Tricholoma terreum (Schum.:Fr.) Kummer

Tricholomataceae Tricoloma terreo, agarico color crema, moretta

Funci i cannittu (2)

It is eaten and consumed from the summer to the autumn (64)

Tricholoma tridentinum Singer var.cedretorum M.Bon

Tricholomataceae

Funcia di cedru (63)

It is edible (63)

Tuber aestivum Vittad.

Tuberaceae Tartufo scorzone

 

It is edible (63)

Volvariella gloiocephala (D.C.:Fr.) Boekhout-Enderle

Pluteaceae

Funcia di la pagghia (63)

It is edible (63)

Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Fr.) Sing.

Pluteaceae

 

It is eaten well cooked (63)

Xerocomus chrysenterion (Bull.) Quèl.

Boletaceae Boleto dorato

Funciu di inestra, funciu di filici (64)

It is edible and consumed from the summer to the autumn (64)