Table 3 Frequency list of the thirty-two most commonly collected taxa. The list includes sixteen records of głóg, a term which could refer to either Crataegus or Rosa (both taxa are equally frequently called by this name), which were assigned in the proportion of 8:8 to each of the genera.
From: Archival data on wild food plants used in Poland in 1948
Species | Number of localities | Parts and main modes of use |
|---|---|---|
Rumex spp. | 75 | leaves, raw and cooked in soups |
Chenopodium album | 50 | leaves, boiled and fried, mainly as famine food |
Rubus subgenus Rubus spp. | 48 | fruits, raw and in preserves |
Fragaria vesca | 47 | fruits, raw and in preserves |
Vaccinium myrtillus | 47 | fruits, raw and in preserves |
Urtica spp. | 38 | leaves, boiled and fried, mainly as famine food |
Vaccinium vitis-idaea | 34 | fruits, raw and in preserves |
Rubus idaeus | 32 | fruits, raw and in preserves |
Oxalis spp. | 31 | leaves, raw, as children's snack |
Corylus avellana | 29 | fruits, mainly raw |
Rosa spp. | 29 | fruits, raw and in preserves |
Prunus spinosa | 27 | fruits, raw and in preserves, largely as children's snack |
Armoracia rusticana | 26 | roots, grated, as meat condiment |
Betula spp. | 26 | sap, mainly as children's beverage |
Sambucus nigra | 24 | fruits, preserved |
Crataegus spp. | 22 | fruits, raw and in preserves, largely as children's snack |
Carum carvi | 19 | seeds, added to bread and sauerkraut |
Elymus repens | 19 | rhizomes, dried and ground, used only as famine food |
Tilia spp. | 17 | flowers, infusion |
Acorus calamus | 13 | young shoots, only as children's snack |
Trifolium spp. | 13 | nectar from flowers sucked by children |
Centaurea cyanus | 12 | petals used by children to make a fermented drink with sugar |
Quercus robur | 12 | acorns, roasted to make coffee |
Mentha longifolia & M. arvensis | 11 | infusion, soups and dumplings |
Prunus padus | 11 | fruits, raw as children's snack |
Ribes nigrum &R. spicatum | 11 | fruits, raw or preserved covered in sugar or as juice and jam; only in eastern and northern Poland |
Taraxacum spp. | 10 | leaves, raw, served like lettuce |
Vaccinium uliginosum | 10 | fruits, raw or as juice, jam, soup or compote; |
Fagus sylvatica | 9 | raw nuts eaten by children |
Malva sylvestris & M. neglecta | 9 | immature fruits, eaten raw, mainly in western Poland |
Sorbus aucuparia | 9 | fruits, juice, jam, soup, liqueurs |
Vaccinium oxycoccos | 9 | fruit, usually in jams and sauces |