Table 1 Veterinary uses of plants in the high Molise region

Caprifoliaceae

Sambucus nigra L. MEA14

Sammùche

Leaves

Decoction (e.u.)

It was applied to wounds in mules

1(CP)

No

Al

Compositae

Sonchus oleraceus L. LU4

Cacignilli (CA)

Aerial part

Fried in oil and applied as poultice (use against venom)

Insect bites (horse-flies etc.) of livestock (horses, cows) or bites of other animals

3(CA)

No

Al

Unc, wa, ru

Gramineae

Triticum aestivum L. LU9

Grano

Stems

Burnt straw applied with oil in a poultice

In veterinary medicine on wounds of mules

1(CP)

No

Su

Liliaceae

Allium sativum L. LU15

Aglio

Bulb

A ball of lard with garlic inside

To eliminate worms in dogs (as food)

1 (PE)

Yes

Malvaceae

Malva sylvestris L. subsp. sylvestris MEA4

Maula

Aerial part

Decoction for washes

Cows udders (wounds, reddening)

1(AG)

No

Al

Oleaceae

Olea europaea L. LU19

Olivo

Oil

Mixed with soot

Open wounds in livestock

6(PI) 2(CA)

Yes rare

Oil

Mix with oil, sugar, chalk and 'green clay, this last present near spring

Broken cattle horns (cementing mixture)

1(PI)

No

Oil

Warmed in frying pan ('olio ferrato')

Applied to small wounds of livestock

6(PI)

No

Ranunculaceae

Clematis vitalba L. MEB6

Vitalba

Stem

Wrapped 7 times around the neck of sheep and left a week

Veterinary/ritual use for mad sheep ('scapocciate')

1(PE)

-

Al

Wo, he

Ulmaceae

Ulmus minor Miller LU27

Olmo

Bark, root

Decoction

Cicatrizing agent for wounds

1(PE)

No

Al

Daw

Urticaceae

Urtica dioica L. subsp. dioica MEB7

Ortica, 'rdica

Fresh cut aerial part

As food with corn

'German measles' in Turkeys ("When they go bald")

3 (PI)

No

Aerial part

Infusion (compresses)

On bruises

1 (PI)

No

Valerianaceae

Valeriana officinalis L. MEA10

Vallariena

Root or leaves

Decoction (e.u.)

To disinfect wounds in mules

1(PE)

No

Vitaceae

Vitis vinifera L. LU32

Vite

Vermouth or Marsala

With water (u.i.)

Given to sick turkeys to drink

4(PI)

No

Al