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Table 2 Gathering and preparation of the 24 most frequently listed wild food species*

From: Organic farmers use of wild food plants and fungi in a hilly area in Styria (Austria)

Species

Local names

Gathered part

Preparation

Freq of gathering

Cult

Habitat

Distance

Season

Cantharellus cibarius

Eierschwammerl, Recherl

fungus

egg, gul, sce, sou, ric

gFF

W

woo

gCC, gC

spr, sum

Boletus edulis

Steinpilz, Herrenpilz

fungus

sou, sce, egg, gul, ric, bre

gFF

W

woo

gCC, gC, gA

sum

Rubus subgenus Rubus spp.

Brombeer

fruit

raw, mar, mil

gF

C

woo, mea, edgwoo

gCC, gC

sum, fall

Macrolepiota procera

Parasol

fungus

bre, fri

gFF

W

woo

gCC, gC

sum

Fragaria vesca

Walderdbeer

fruit

raw, mar, mil

gF

W

woo, mea, edgwoo

gCC, gC

spr, sum

Russula sp.

Täubling

fungus

fri

gF

W

woo

gCC, gC

sum

Rubus idaeus

Himbeer

fruit

raw, mar, mil

gF

C

woo, mea, edgwoo

gCC, gC, gA

sum, fall

Urtica dioica

Brennnessel

leaf

spn, sal, sou

gF

W

mea

gCC

spr, sum,fall

Taraxacum sp.

Löwenzahn

leaf

sal

gF

W

mea

gCC

spr

Vaccinium myrtillus

Schwarzbeer, Heidelbeer

fruit

raw, mar, swe

gF

C

woo, edgwoo

gCC, gA

sum, fall

Castanea sativa

Kastanie, Maroni

fruit

fri, coo, swe

gF

C

woo, edgwoo

gCC, gC

fall

Taraxacum sp.

Löwenzahn

flower

hon

gRA

W

mea

gCC

spr, sum

Bellis perennis

Gänseblümchen

leaf, flower

sal

gRA

W

mea

gCC

spr, sum

Lactarius sect. Deliciosi

Milchling

fungus

fri

gRA

W

woo

gCC

sum

Sambucus nigra

Holunder, Holler

flower

bak

gRA

C

woo, mea, edgwoo

gCC, gC

spr, sum

Sambucus nigra

Holunder, Holler

fructus

hko

gRA

W

mea, edgwoo

gCC, gC

sum, fall

Juglans regia

Walnuss, Nuss

fructus

raw

gRA

C

mea

gCC, gC

sum, fall

Plantago lanceolata

Spitzwegerich

leaf

sou

gRA

W

mea

gCC

spr, sum

Rumex sp.

Sauerampfer

leaf

sal, sou

gRA

W

mea

gCC

spr

Thymus sp.

Quendel

flower, leaf

con

gRA

C

mea

gCC

sum

Allium ursinum

Bärlauch

leaf

sou, sce, con

gRA

C

mea

gCC

spr

Prunus avium subsp. avium

Vogelkirsche

fruit

raw

gRA

W

woo, mea, edgwoo

gCC, gC

spr, sum

Glechoma hederacea

Gundelrebe

leaf

egg, sou

gRA

W

mea

gCC

spr, sum,fall

Amanita rubescens

Perlpilz

fungus

bre, sce

gRA

W

woo

gC

sum

  1. *n = 15 for the variables: Gathered part, Preparation; n = 10 for the variables: Freq of gathering, Cultivation, Habitat, Distance, Season; Coding of variables: Preparation: ways of preparation or use: sou = soup, sce = sauce, con = condiment, bre = breaded, fri = fried, sal = salad, raw = raw, egg = with eggs, ric = with rice, mil = with milk (products), mar = marmalade, coo: cooked, spi: spinach, hon: löwenzahnhonig, bak: gebackene hollerblüten, hko: hollerkoch; Freq of gathering: frequency of gathering: plant species gathered by gRA = < 33%, gF = 33%-66%, gFF = > 66% each of all informants; Cult: cultivation of plants: C = also cultivated, W = gathered from wild only; Habitat: woo = wood, mea = meadow, edgwoo = edge of the wood; Distance: distance from farm: plant species gathered in gCC = < 0,2 kilometers, gC = 0,2-5 kilometers, gA = > 5 kilometers distance; Season: time of the year: spr = spring, sum = summer, fall = fall;