Table 8 Part of pangolins used, conditions treated, complementary ingredients, method of preparation cum administration, and substitute animal

1

Bone

Rheumatism

A variety of leaves, "iyere"

Made into concoction

To be taken once daily

None

2

Eye

Kleptomania

Two whole pods of Aframomum melegueta

Roasted, grinded into powdery form

Used to make incision on the lower eyelids, left eye of pangolin for making incision on the left eyelid, ditto for the right eye

Python

Eye

3

Female reproductive organ

Ejection of placenta

A melegueta seeds, a variety of leaves

All ingredients are grinded into

powdery form

To be taken with pap

Female

tortoise

Whole animal

4

Flesh

To confer abilities for divination

A melegueta seeds, leaf of "ori okan"

Made into concoction

To be ingested at once

Wall gecko, Parrot

Whole

Flesh

5

Flesh

Good luck

A variety of leaves, A melegueta seeds, whole hare

Made into concoction

To be consumed all at once

None

6

Flesh

Protection

A variety of leaves, A melegueta seeds

Made into concoction

To be consumed all at once

Whole tortoise

Flesh

7

Flesh

Safety

'Oriji' leaves

Made into concoction

To be consumed all at once

None

8

Head

Good luck

"Ire, aje, sawerepepe" leaves, black soap

Roasted, grinded into powdery form, mixed with soap

Used to bath every morning

None

9

Head

Good luck

Ficus exasperata leaves, 3 pieces of Cortiles colocynthis, 3 A melegueta pods

All ingredients roasted, grinded into powdery form.

To be taken with solidified pap i.e "eko" once every Thursday

None

10

Head

Kleptomania

Left arm of chameleon

Roasted, grinded into powdery form

Used to make incision on the lower eyelids

None

11

Head

Kleptomania

Human faeces

(of the client)

Roasted, grinded into powdery form

Used to make incision on lower eyelids and ingested with water

Python

Head

12

Head

Kleptomania

"Alupaida" and "Ewon pabida" leaves

Roasted, grinded into powdery form

Used to make incision on lower eyelids and ingested with pap

Crab

Whole

13

Head

Mental Illness

A variety of leaves and roots, a chunk of he-goat skull

All ingredients grinded together

To be consumed twice daily

Gorilla

Head

14

Head + tip of the tail

Breakthrough in business

A variety of leaves, soap

Ingredients grinded, mixed together with soap

To be used to bath once in a week

None

15

Internal organs

Antidote for food poison

Variety of leaves

Made into liquid mixture

To be drunk twice daily

None

16

Internal organs

Antidote for food poison

Urine of a virgin male/female

Internal organs soaked in urine for 7 days

To be drunk and used to rub the body

Cobra

Internal organs

17

Internal organs

To treat sexual poison 'magun'

"Awogbaarun" roots

Made into decoction

To be drunk immediately after attack

None

18

Limbs

Fortune

rouser

7 A melegueta seeds

All the limbs of a pangolin are grinded with A melegueta seeds and buried in a dump site for 7 days, afterwards made into concoction

To be consumed all at once

None

19

Limbs+ Internal organs

Money

rituals

16 pieces of Ficus exasperata

leaves,3 whole A melegueta pods

Leaves and A melegueta seeds seeds grinded, used to cook pangolin parts into concoction

To be consumed all at once

None

20

Scale

Good luck

A melegueta seeds, shaft of melon seeds

Roasted, grinded into powdery form

To be taken with pap

None

21

Scale

Back pain

A melegueta seeds, shea butter, some leaves, "kafura pelebe"

Other ingredients grinded and mixed with shea butter

To be used to rub the back twice daily

None

22

Scale

Healing of wounds/cuts

A melegueta seeds

Roasted, grinded into powdery form

Powder sprinkled on the cuts/wounds and covered with a piece of cloth

None

23

Scale

High productivity on the farm

Goat fat, porcupine spine

All ingredients roasted and grinded.

To be sprinkled on the farm

None

24

Scale

High productivity on the farm

Whole tortoise Mucuna pruriens seeds, a variety of leaves

All ingredients roasted and grinded

To be sprinkled on the farm

None

25

Scale

Kleptomania

A melegueta seeds

Roasted, grinded into powdery form

To be taken with pap

None

26

Scale

Mental illness

Mainly incantations

Scales grinded for use (7 pieces for females and 9 for male)

A single dose to be ingested once daily with incantations for 16 days

None

27

Scale

Rheumatism

Shea butter, a variety of leaves

Other ingredients grinded and mixed with shea butter cream

To be used to rub affected parts

Python

Spinal

cord

28

Scale

Stomach ulcer

Dead earthworm found on the road

Grinded into powdery form

To be taken with pap

None

29

Scale

Stroke

A melegueta seeds, a variety of leaves

All ingredients grinded, made into a decoction

To be drunk once daily

None

30

Scale

Venereal diseases

A variety of leaves

Roasted, grinded into powdery form

To be taken with hot water

None

31

Scale

Wading off witches

Incense burner, "Eepo obo", "eerun", "imi ojo"

All ingredients grinded and poured in incense burner

Burnt as incense indoors

None

32

Scale (whole)

Safe delivery

A melegueta seeds and a variety of leaves

Roasted and grinded into powdery form

To be taken with pap

Porcupine

Spine (whole)

33

Scale

Good luck

Bitter leaf, A melegueta seeds, "Oriji" leaves, local soap

All ingredients roasted, grinded, mixed with soap

To be used to bath every 3 days

Male lizard

Whole animal

34

Scale

Aphrodisiacs/male potency

A melegueta seeds, a variety of leaves

Roasted, grinded into powdery form

To be taken with pap continously

None

35

Scale (whole), head

Protection

A melegueta seeds, porcupine spine

Roasted, grinded into powdery form

To be ingested with pap

Cobra

Head/

whole

skin

36

Scale

Antibiotics

Hare carcass, gun powder, "iyere", "Kafura pelebe"

All ingredients grinded

To be taken with pap

None

37

Thorax

Convulsion

A juvenile dog, A melegueta seeds, a variety of leaves

Made into concoction

To be consumed as soup

None

38

Thorax

Menstrual pain

A whole crab, shrew,Citrullus colocynthis, 'iru' melon, 'ogiri'

All ingredient cooked into concoction

10 oz to be drank 3 times daily

None

39

Thorax

Unconsciousness

"Igi aaka" roots

Grinded into powdery form

To be swallowed with water

None

40

Thorax

Wading off/preventing rain

A whole A melegueta pod, a variety of leaves, a padlock

All ingredients, grinded, packed in a piece of rag, tied to the padlock

Incantation is recited on the padlock, it is nailed to a tree

None

41

Vertebral bones

Stroke

Riverside banana, "ifon", roots "eru alamo"

Cooked into concoction

To be taken 3 times daily

None

42

Whole animal

Building rituals

Palm oil, Salt, "Iyere", "Olugelegele" leaves

Blood is placed in a new plate, and the whole flesh is divided into 16 pieces

Blood poured on the floor, and flesh eaten as concoction

None

43

Whole animal

Good fortune

Sponge used to bath a human corpse, a whole pod of A melegueta, "owo ara tangiri" soap

All ingredients grinded, mixed with soap, poured in a

white container

To be used to bath on Sunday,

Monday, Tuesday

None

44

Whole animal

Prosperity

A melegueta seeds, black soap

All ingredients grinded and mixed with black soap

To be used to bath regularly

None

45

Whole animal

Wading off/curing bad illness & sickness

A melegueta seeds, a variety of leaves, black soap

Roasted, grinded into powdery form, mixed with soap

To be used to bath regularly

None

46

Whole tail

High productivity on the farm

Porcupine spine, "jiwini", leaves Mucuna pruriens leaves "ekuru"

All ingredients grinded into powder

To be sprinkled on the farm

None

47

Whole tail

Kleptomania

A variety of leaves

Grinded into powder

Used to make incision on the wrists and taken with pap

None