Table 3 The relationship between ailment and taste of some medicinal plant species

Gastrointestinal system

- flatulence, peptic ulcer

hot, aromatic

Acorus calamus L.

anti-ulcer activity [43]

Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf.

anti-ulcerogenic property [44]

Cyperus rotundus L.

cytoprotective effects [45]

Kaempferia galanga L.

against gastric mucosal [46]

Kaempferia parviflora Wall. ex. Baker

anti-Helicobacter pylori [47]

Ocimum basilicum L.

anti-ulcer activity [48]

Ocimum tenuiflorum L.

antimicrobial activity [49]

Zingiber officinale Roscoe

anti-ulcerogenic effect [50]

- intestinal infections

astringent

Curcuma longa L.

antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities [51], antibacterial activity [22] antibacterial and mycobacterial activities [20]

Curcuma zedoaria (Berg) Roscoe

antimicrobial activity [51], anti-inflammation [52]

- diarrhea, dysentery

bitter

Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm.

antimicrobial activity [53], antinociceptive [54]

astringent

Punica granatum L.

antidiarrheal activity [55], anti-inflammatory effect [56]

- laxative, constipation

sour

Tamarindus indica L.

antioxidative effect [57]

sweet

Cassia fistula L.

pediatric functional constipation [58], laxative effect [59]

hot

Croton tiglium L.

gastrointestinal effect [59]

- hemorrhoids

nauseating

Cissus quadrangularis L.

efficacy and side effects of acute hemorrhoids [60] analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities [61]

- toothache

hot

Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC.

anti-inflammation [62, 63] antibacterial activity [62], analgesic activity [64]

Fever, malaria

bitter

Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees

antimalarial activity [65], antibacterial activity [66], anti-inflammation [67], antiviral activity [68]

Brucea javanica (L.) Merr.

antimalarial activity [69], antiplasmodial activity [70]

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.

Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity [71], anti-allergic activity [72]

Clerodendrum petasites S. Moore

antipyretic activity [61]

Eurycoma longifolia Jack

antiplasmodial activity [73], antiparasitic activity [74]

Momordica charantia L.

Antibacterial and antifungal activities [75]

Phyllanthus urinaria L.

anti-inflammation [76], anti-HSV [77]

Tinospora crispa crispa (L.) Miers ex Hook. f. & Thomson

antimalarial activity [78], antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities [79]

bland

Tiliacora trianda (Colebr.) Diels

antimycobacterial activity [80]

Vernonia cinerea (L. ) Less.

antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities [81], antibacterial activity [82], antimalarial activity [83]

Skin conditions

- eczema, scabies, abscess itching, measles, skin diseases, poisonous animal bites,

nauseating

Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson

anti-inflammatory activity [84]

Datura metel L.

antimicrobial activity [85], antimycotic activity [86]

Mitragyna speciosa (Roxb.) Korth.

antioxidant and antibacterial activities [87], anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities [88]

Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz

antimicrobial activity [89], antiallergic activity [90], antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities [91]

Senna alata (L. ) Roxb.

antiallergic activity [92], antifungal activity [93]

Senna tora (L. ) Roxb.

antioxidant and antibacterial activities [94] antibacterial activity

Stemona tuberosa Lour.

antibacterial activity [95]

- burns, skin swelling

bland

Aloe vera (L.) Burn. f.

antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities [96] wound healing property [97]

- stop bleeding

nauseating

Chromolaena odoratum (L.) R. M. King & H. Roxb.

hemostatic and wound healing properties [98]

Respiratory system

- eliminates sputum, cough,

sour

Abrus precatorius L.

anti-inflammatory and antiallergic activity [99]

sore throat

Albizia myriophylla Benth.

antibacterial activity [100]

Phyllanthus emblica L.

anti-inflammatory activity [101], anti-Coxsackie Virus B3 [102]

Tamarindus indica L.

antimicrobial activity [103]

bitter

Solanum trilobatum L.

antimicrobial activity [104], anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities [105]

Female problems

fat

Sida rhombifolia L.

antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities [106]

Nephrological system

- diuretic

bland

Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.c

anti-inflammatory activity [107]

Pluchea indica (L. ) Less.

anti-inflammatory activity [108], antimicrobial activity [109]