Table 1 Summary of species included in this study
Taxon | English name | Country | Supposed origin in folk tradition | Phytogeography | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cakile maritima | Sea rocket | Norway | Foreign (Spanish), wrecked ship | Indigenous | Conspicuous in flower and in large stands |
Cicuta virosa | Cowbane | Norway | Foreign (Scottish), mercenaries | Indigenous | Poisonous |
Heracleum mantegazzianum | Giant hogweed | Denmark | Foreign (Italian), packing material | Introduced (Caucasus) | Harmful, conspicuous (size) |
Heracleum persicum | Persian hogweed | Denmark | Foreign (Italian), packing material | Introduced (Iran) | Harmful, conspicuous (size) |
Jacobaea vulgaris | Common ragwort | Scotland | Foreign (English), horse fodder | Probably indigenous | Poisonous |
Lathyrus japonicus | Sea pea | Norway | Possibly foreign (Dutch), whalers | Indigenous | Conspicuous in flower; poisonous if peas are consumed in quantity |
Leymus arenarius | Lyme grass | Norway | Foreign (Dutch), grain from wreck | Indigenous | Conspicuous in large stands, harmful if infested with ergot |
Phoenix dactylifera | Date palm | Greece (Crete) | Foreign (Egyptian), soldiers | Introduced | Conspicuous in shape and size, cultivated ornamental |
Phoenix theophrasti | Cretan date palm | Greece (Crete) | Foreign (Arab), pirates | Indigenous, endemic | Conspicuous in shape and size, inedible fruits |
Primula vulgaris | Primrose | Norway | Foreign (Dutch), ballast | Indigenous | Conspicuous in flower |
Scopolia carniolica | Henbane bell | Norway | Foregin (Russian), soldier | Introduced (southern Europe) | Poisonous, cultivated ornamental |