“Horchata” drink in Southern Ecuador: medicinal plants and people’s wellbeing

Rios, Montserrat; Tinitana, Fani; Jarrín-V, Pablo; Donoso, Natalia; Romero-Benavides, Juan Carlos

doi:10.1186/s13002-017-0145-z

Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine

Table 2 Medicinal plants used to prepare “horchata” and sold at 31 traditional markets in Loja province

From: “Horchata” drink in Southern Ecuador: medicinal plants and people’s wellbeing

Scientific name	Vernacular name	Geographic status	Habit	Morphological structure used	Therapeutic use	Conservation status	Voucher number
Adoxaceae
Sambucus nigra L.	Sauco, tilo	Introduced	Tree	Flower	Antiflu, antitussive, sedative	NE	FT1252
Amaranthaceae
Aerva sanguinolenta (L.) Blume	Escancel	Introduced	Herb	Plant without root	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, diuretic, emmenagogue, restorative, stomachache	NE	FTMAL008
Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze	Moradilla	Native	Shrub	Branch, flower	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, restorative, tonic	NE	FT0010
Amaranthus caudatus L.	Amaranto, ataco, ataku morado, sangorache	Native	Herb	Inflorescence	Antiflu, anti-inflammatory, blood circulation, carminative, diuretic, emmenagogue, hepatic, stimulant, tonic	NE	FT0278
Amaranthus hybridus L.	Ataco, ataku, bledo, sangorache	Native	Herb	Inflorescence, young leaf	Antiflu, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, emmenagogue, tonic, vulnerary	NE	FTMAL006
Iresine diffusa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.	Chulku, escancel	Native	Herb	Branch	Analgesic, antiflu, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, hepatic, tonic	NE	HUTPL433
Iresine herbstii Hook.	Escancel, tigrecillo	Native	Herb	Branch, shoot	Analgesic, antiflu, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, sedative, tonic	NE	FT0486
Apiaceae
Foeniculum vulgare Mill.	Eneldo, hinojo	Introduced	Herb	Leaf	Analgesic, carminative, digestive, diuretic, hepatic, stomachache, tonic	NE	FT0025t
Niphogeton dissecta (Benth.) J.F. Macbr.^a	Culantrillo	Native	Herb	Plant without root	Analgesic, carminative	NE	FT0024t
Asclepiadaceae
Orthosia ellemannii (Morillo) Liede & Meve^a	Cola de caballo	Endemic	Vine	Branch	Anti-inflammatory, diuretic	VU	FT037t
Asteraceae
Gamochaeta americana (Mill.) Wedd.^a*	Lechugilla, lancetilla	Native	Herb	Plant without root	Antiflu, antidiarrheal, vulnerary	NE	FT026t
Matricaria recutita L.	Manzanilla	Introduced	Herb	Plant without root	Analgesic, antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory, carminative, digestive, sedative, stomachache	NE	FT0014t
Sonchus oleraceus L.	Kana yuyu, cerraja	Introduced	Herb	Plant without root	Analgesic, antiflu, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, diuretic, hepatic, stomachache	NE	FT28t
Tagetes filifolia Lag.	Anís	Native	Herb	Flower, leaf	Anti-inflammatory, antiflu, carminative, digestive, febrifuge, sedative, stomachache, tonic	NE	FT0987
Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg.	Diente de león	Introduced	Herb	Whole plant	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, cholagogue, depurative, digestive, diuretic, hepatic, restorative, stomachache, vulnerary	NE	FT0029t
Begoniaceae
Begonia × tuberhybrida Voss	Begonia	Native	Herb	Petal	Sedative, tonic	NE	FT1250
Boraginaceae
Borago officinalis L.	Borraja	Introduced	Herb	Flower, leaf	Analgesic, antidiarrheal, antiflu, anti-inflammatory, antitussive, emmenagogue, febrifuge	NE	FT011MAL
Brassicaceae
Matthiola incana (L.) W.T. Aiton	Alhelí	Introduced	Herb	Flower	Analgesic, antiflu, cardiotonic, digestive, hepatic, sedative, stomachache	NE	FT1250
Caryophyllaceae
Dianthus caryophyllus L.	Clavel	Introduced	Herb	Petal	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, cardiotonic, restorative, sedative	NE	FT1253
Commelinaceae
Callisia repens (Jacq.) L.	Calcha, calsi	Native	Herb	Leaf	Hypotensive	NE	FT51MPAT
Tradescantia zebrina Heynh. ex Bosse	Calcha	Introduced	Herb	Leaf	Analgesic, febrifuge, hypotensive	NE	FT30t
Equisetaceae
Equisetum bogotense Kunth^a	Cola de caballo, caballo chupa	Native	Herb	Branch	Anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, diuretic, febrifuge, hepatic, hypotensive	NE	FT031t
Equisetum giganteum L.^a	Cola de caballo, chupa caballo	Native	Herb	Plant without root	Anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, depurative, diuretic, hepatic	NE	FT1009
Fabaceae
Indigofera suffruticosa Mill. ^a	Tintanil	Native	Shrub	Branch, flower	Anti-inflammatory, tonic	NE	FT21t
Gentianaceae
Centaurium erythraea Rafn	Canchalagua	Introduced	Herb	Whole plant	Antiflu, blood circulation, hypolipemiant, tonic	NE	FT1016
Geraniaceae
Erodium cf. cicutarium (L.) L'Hér. ex Aiton	Agujilla	Introduced	Herb	Branch	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, tonic	NE	FTE001MC
Pelargonium graveolens L'Hér.ex. Aiton	Esencia de rosa, malva esencia	Introduced	Herb	Leaf	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, carminative, diuretic	NE	FT1258
Pelargonium odoratissimum (L.) L´Hér.	Malva olorosa	Introduced	Herb	Branch	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, carminative, tonic	NE	FT016t
Pelargonium zonale (L.) L'Hér.	Geranio, geranio rojo	Introduced	Herb	Petal	Antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, astringent, diuretic, vulnerary	NE	FT17t
Lamiaceae
Melissa officinalis L.	Toronjil	Introduced	Herb	Branch	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, cardiotonic, digestive, sedative	NE	FT45MPAT
Mentha x piperita L.	Hierba buena, menta	Introduced	Herb	Leaf	Analgesic, antidiarrheal, antiflu,, anti-inflammatory, antitussive, carminative, digestive, tonic	NE	FT1261
Mentha spicata L.	Hierba buena, menta, menta negra	Introduced	Herb	Leaf	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiflu, antidiarrheal, antitussive, carminative, digestive, febrifuge, tonic	LC	FT1260
Ocimum basilicum L.	Albahaca, albahaca de sal, albahaca negra	Introduced	Herb	Leaf	Analgesic, antidiarrheal, antitussive, carminative, hepatic, digestive, diuretic, sedative, stomachache, tonic	NE	FT46TMPA
Ocimum campechianum Mill.	Albahaca, albahaca blanca, albahaca de dulce	Native	Herb	Leaf	Analgesic, blood pressure, carminative, digestive, restorative, sedative, stomachache, tonic	NE	FT46aMPA
Linaceae
Linum usitatissimum L.	Linaza	Introduced	Herb	Seed	Anti-inflammatory, digestive, diuretic, hepatic, stomachache	NE	FT47TMPA
Malvaceae
Alcea rosea L.	Malva goma, malva rosa, malvón	Introduced	Herb	Flower	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, depurative, diuretic, tonic	NE	HUTPL891
Malva arborea (L.) Webb & Berthel.	Malva altea, malva blanca	Introduced	Shrub	Flower, leaf	Anti-inflammatory, depurative, tonic	NE	FT042MC
Malva parviflora L.	Malva alta, malva blanca	Introduced	Herb	Flower, leaf	Anti-inflammatory, depurative, hepatic, tonic	NE	FT015MCE
Myrtaceae
Myrcianthes hallii (O. Berg) McVaugh	Arrayán	Native	Tree	Leaf	Analgesic, antiflu, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, hepatic, restorative	NE	FT215G
Onagraceae
Fuchsia harlingii Munz	Pena pena, pena pena de la montaña	Endemic	Shrub	Flower	Anti-inflammatory, sedative	VU	HUTPL5784
Fuchsia hybrida Hort. T. ex Siebert & Voss	Pena pena grande, pena pena roja	Introduced	Shrub	Flower	Anti-inflammatory, antiflu, cardiotonic, sedative, stomachache	NE	FT1262
Fuchsia loxensis Kunth	Pena pena rosada	Endemic	Shrub	Flower	Cardiotonic, febrifuge, sedative	LC	FT1158
Fuchsia magellanica Lam.	Pena pena morada	Introduced	Shrub	Flower	Sedative	NE	FT0147
Ludwigia nervosa (Poir.) H. Hara	Flor de reina, mejorana de huerta	Native	Shrub	Flower	Anti-inflammatory, sedative	NE	FT194
Oenothera rosea L'Her. ex Aiton	Shullu	Native	Herb	Plant without root	Anti-inflammatory, digestive, diuretic, hepatic	NE	FT53MPAT
Orchidaceae
Epidendrum jamiesonis Rchb. f.^a	Flor de Cristo, maywa	Native	Epiphyte	Flower	Anti-inflammatory, sedative, diuretic, hepatic	A II	FT1063
Oxalidaceae
Oxalis corniculata L.^a	Chulco, chulku	Native	Herb	Branch	Antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, hepatic, restorative	NE	FT1022
Piperaceae
Peperomia galioides Kunth	Congona de cerro, sacha congona	Native	Herb	Plant without root	Analgesic, cardiotonic, diuretic, sedative, stomachache, tonic	NE	FT124SAR
Peperomia ilaloensis Sodiro	Congona de castilla, congona negra	Native	Herb	Plant without root	Analgesic, sedative	NE	FT01t
Peperomia inaequalifolia Ruiz & Pav.	Congona, congona grande	Native	Herb	Branch	Analgesic, cardiotonic, diuretic, hepatic, sedative	NE	FT1197
Piper crassinervium Kunth	Waviduca de dulce	Native	Shrub	Leaf	Analgesic, antiseptic, stomachache	NE	FT237
Plantaginaceae
Plantago major L.	Llantén	Introduced	Herb	Plant without root	Anti-inflammatory, diuretic, hepatic, stomachache, vulnerary	LC	FT13t
Poaceae
Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf	Hierba luisa, paja luisa	Introduced	Herb	Leaf	Analgesic, cardiotonic, digestive, diuretic, hypertensive, sedative, stomachache	NE	FT011t
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.	Grama dulce	Introduced	Herb	Young branch	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, diuretic, hepatic	NE	FT008MCE
Hordeum vulgare L.	Cebada	Introduced	Herb	Seed	Anti-inflammatory, digestive, sedative	NE	MCE017
Polypodiaceae
Niphidium crassifolium (L.) Lellinger^a	Calawala	Native	Epiphyte	Root	Anti-inflammatory, diuretic, hepatic	NE	FT40T
Proteaceae
Oreocallis grandiflora (Lam.) R. Br.^a	Cucharillo, gañil	Native	Tree	Flower	Anti-inflammatory, digestive, diuretic, hepatic, hypoglicemic agent, vulnerary	NE	FT04t
Pteridaceae
Pityrogramma ebenea (L.) Proctor^a	Doradilla plateada, luna plateada	Native	Herb	Leaf	Restorative, stomachache, tonic	NE	FT014
Rosaceae
Alchemilla aphanoides Mutis ex L. f.	Saucillo	Native	Herb	Branch	Analgesic	NE	FT007
Duchesnea indica (Andrews) Teschem.	Fresa salvaje	Introduced	Herb	Leaf	Depurative	NE	FT0019t
Rosa cymosa Tratt.	Rosa, rosa de castilla	Introduced	Shrub	Petal	Anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, digestive, sedative, tonic	NE	FT274
Sanguisorba minor subsp. muricata (Bonnier & Layens) Briq.	Pimpinela	Introduced	Herb	Flower, leaf	Astringent, cardiotonic, depurative, hemostatic, hypoglycemic agent, hypertensive, sedative, tonic	NE	FT014MZ
Rutaceae
Citrus x junos Siebold ex Tanaka	Naranja agria, naranjo	Introduced	Tree	Leaf	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, digestive, sedative, stomachache	NE	FT007t
Solanaceae
Solanum americanum Mill.	Hierba mora, mortiño	Native	Herb	Leaf	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, digestive, febrifuge, sedative, stomachache	NE	FT36t
Streptosolen jamesonii (Benth.) Miers^a	Flor de quinde, flor del sol, jaboncillo	Native	Shrub	Flower	Anti-inflammatory	NE	FT12t
Tiliaceae
Triumfetta semitriloba Jacq.^a	Abrojo, cadillo, mostrante	Native	Shrub	Flower, leaf	Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, astringent, diuretic, febrifuge	NE	FT39T
Verbenaceae
Aloysia triphylla Royle	Cedrón	Native	Shrub	Flower, leaf	Analgesic, antispasmodic, blood pressure, cardiotonic, carminative, digestive, hepatic, hypoglycemic agent, restorative, sedative, stomachache	NE	FT1265
Phyla scaberrima (A. Juss. ex Pers.) Moldenke	Buscapina, novalgina	Introduced	Shrub	Plant without root	Analgesic, carminative, digestive, stomachache	NE	FT1240
Violaceae
Viola odorata L.	Violeta, violeta de jardín	Introduced	Herb	Flower	Antibronquitic, antiflu,, anti-inflammatory, antitussive, depurative, digestive, hoarseness, vulnerary	NE	FT1266
Viola tricolor L.	Pensamiento	Introduced	Herb	Flower	Analgesic, antidiarrheal, antiflu, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, diuretic, febrifuge, hoarseness	NE	FT1267
Zingiberaceae
Hedychium coronarium J. Koening	Caña agria	Introduced	Herb	Stem	Anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, diuretic	NE	FT002t

Conservation status: LC = Least concern, NE = Not evaluated, VU = Vulnerable; A II = CITES Appendix II
^aWild medicinal plant species collected in nature by women

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ISSN: 1746-4269

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