Table 2 Medicinal uses of animals and animal parts for traditional therapeutic purposes by the people inhabiting adjacent area of Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary
No. | Animal group | *Local name | English name | Scientific name | Family | Part used | Application | Medicinal use | Prescription | RFC | FL (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Insect | Kumoti | Mole cricket | Scapteriscus borellii (Giglio-Tos, 1894) (IV) | Gryllotalapidae | Alimentary canal | Oral | Intestinal worm (thread worm) | Raw alimentary canal part is consumed | 0.32 | 47.4 |
2 | Insect | Junaki paruwa | Fire Flies | Lampyridae spp. (Latreille, 1817) (IV) | Lampyridae | Whole body | Oral | Cancer | 4/5 raw fire flies prescribed to eat daily | 0.26 | 68.6 |
3 | Insect | Poitasura | Cockroach | Periplaneta Americana (Linnaeus, 1758) (IV) | Blattidae | Whole body | Oral | Asthma | Wings are removed and washed, then boiled with water and prescribed to consume | 0.65 | 92.3 |
4 | Insect | Mou makhi | Honey bee | Apis cerna indica (Fabricius, 1793) (IV) | Apidae | Whole body | Oral | Cancer | Whole honey bee is ground in water and prescribed to eat. | 0.19 | 38.9 |
5 | Insect | Kodu | Hornet | Vespa affinis (Linnaeus, 1764) (IV) | Vespidae | Whole body | Oral | Cancer | It is ground and mixed with water and prescribed to drink | 0.08 | 18.5 |
6 | Insect | Kola paruwa | Weaver ant | Myrmicaria brunnea (Saunders, 1842) (IV) | Formicidae | Whole body | Oral | Body pain | Prescribed to eat raw | 0.13 | 46.2 |
7 | Insect | Mojali poruwa | Slender ant | Tetraponera rufonigera (Jordan, 1851) (IV) | Formicidae | Whole body | Oral | Body ache | Prescribed to eat raw | 0.05 | 25.0 |
8 | Insect | Amoli poruwa | Green tree ant | Oecphylla smaragdina (Fabricius, 1775) (IV) | Formicidae | Whole body | Oral | Sinus | Prescribed to eat raw | 0.11 | 65.0 |
Cancer | Prescribed to eat raw | 44.4 | |||||||||
Epistapix (bleeding from nose) | Ant is fried and prescribed to eat | 66.7 | |||||||||
9 | Insect | Gandhi puk | Gundhi kira (Rice bug) | Leptocorisa varicornis (Fabricius, 1787) (IV) | Alydidae | Whole body | Oral | Fever | Whole insect is boiled and prescribed to consume | 0.21 | 42.9 |
10 | Insect | Muga palu | Muga silk worm | Antheraea assamensis (Helfer, 1837) (IV) | Saturnidae | Whole body | Oral | - | Eat raw because of its high protein content | 0.31 | 100 |
11 | Insect | Uisiringa | House cricket, | Acheta domestica (Linnaeus, 1758) (IV) | Gryllidae | Whole body | Oral | Pain, | Fried and prescribed to eat | 0.06 | 63.2 |
For better eye sight | 68.7 | ||||||||||
improve pancreas | 40.0 | ||||||||||
12 | Insect | Poda paruwa | Bombardier beetle | Pheropsophus spp.(Solier, 1833) (IV) | Carabidae | Whole body | Oral | Alcoholic habit | Raw beetle is consumed | 0.02 | 6.9 |
13 | Insect | Gagini foring | Praying mantis | Mantis religiosa (Linnaeus, 1758) (IV) | Mantidae | Cocoon with larva | Topical | Otorrhoea (Wound in ear) | Cocoon with larvae is burned and ash is mixed with coconut oil and prescribed to apply in wounded area directly with feather | 0.27 | 80.0 |
Whole insect | Oral | Pneumonia | Insects are ground into powder and mixed with milk and prescribed to drink | 62.5 | |||||||
14 | Annelida | Bonda kesu | Earthworm | Metaphire houletti (Perrier, 1875) (IV) Pheretima posthum (Vaillant, 1868) (IV) | Megascolecidae | Whole body | Oral | Vocal chord infection | Earthworm is washed properly and boiled with water, salt is added and prescribed to consume. | 0.68 | 80.0 |
head | Oral | piles | Head portion of earthworm is inserted in goroi fish after removing alimentary canal part and fried and prescribed to eat | 78.9 | |||||||
head | Topical | piles | Head portion is burned and grind to powder, then mixed with coconut oil and 4–5 leaves of Jetulipoka (Rubus rugosus Sm.) and a paste is made. Then the paste is prescribed to use externally in piles | 83.3 | |||||||
Whole body | Oral | Cancer | Raw earthworm are squished and prescribe to consume | 85.7 | |||||||
15 | Annelida | kesu | Earthworm | Perionyx spp. (Perrier, 1872) (IV) | Megascolecidae | Whole body | Oral | Pneumonia | 3 earthworms are ground, then mixed with salt and prescribed to eat for 2Â days twice a day | 0.16 | 95.2 |
16 | Gastropod | kunjelekuwa | Snail | Cryptozona bistrialis (Beck, 1837) (IV) | Ariophantidae | Whole body | Oral | Impotence (to increase sexual power) | Boiled and prescribed to eat | 0.03 | 26.7 |
17 | Gastropod | Shamuk | Freshwater snail | Pila spp.(Roding, 1798) (IV) | Ampullaridae | Whole body | Oral | For better eye sight | Raw snail is eaten | 0.58 | 84.0 |
Soft watery portion | Topical | Pain | Applied externally for massage | 63.2 | |||||||
bone fracture | Â | 46.7 | |||||||||
18 | Amphibian | Pat beng | Common tree frog | Polypedates leucomystax (Gravenhorst, 1829) (V) | Rhacophoridae | Meat | Oral | Asthma | Meat is boiled with spices like Clove, Cinnamon, black pepper and prescribed to eat | 0.05 | 17.2 |
19 | Amphibian | Suk vekuli | Common toad | Bufo spp. (Linnaeus, 1758) (V) | Bufonidae | heart with blood | Oral | Bronch pneumonia (bolianerengia) | Fresh blood and heart mixed with clove, cardamom, pepper a paste is made and prescribed to consume | 0.47 | 54.5 |
20 | Amphibian | Pani vekuli | Frog | Ranna spp. (Linnaeus, 1758) (V) | Ranidae | Meat | Oral | Asthma | Meat is cooked and prescribed to eat | 0.10 | 42.9 |
21 | Fish | Rou mas | Rohu | Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) (V) | Cyprinidae | Gall bladder (Bile) | Oral | Gastric | Ground with water and prescribed to eat whole thing | 0.15 | 57.9 |
Gastric ulcer, | 41.7 | ||||||||||
Intestinal cancer | 57.1 | ||||||||||
22 | Fish | Magur mas | Magur | Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758) (V) | Claridae | Whole body | Oral | Body ache | Cooked with spices like black pepper and prescribed to eat | 0.59 | 66.7 |
wound healing | 52.6 | ||||||||||
23 | Fish | Singhi mas | Stinging cat | Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch, 1794) (V) | Heteropneustidae | Whole body | Oral | Pain | Cooked with spices like black pepper and prescribed to eat | 0.47 | 63.2 |
wound healing | 44.0 | ||||||||||
24 | Fish | Cuchia | Eel | Amphipnous cuchia (Hamilton, 1822) (V) | Synbranchidae | Whole body and blood | Oral | Aneamia | Raw blood is prescribed to drink and cooked meat is prescribed to eat | 0.66 | 90.9 |
25 | Fish | Chengeli mas | Assamese snake head | Channa stewartii (Playfair, 1867) (V) | Channidae | Whole body | Oral | Diabetes | Boiled in water and consumed | 0.08 | 63.0 |
Pain | 53.9 | ||||||||||
High pressure | 48.0 | ||||||||||
26 | Fish | Moa mas | Mole/Indian carplet | Amblypharyngodon mola (Hamilton, 1822) (V) | Cyprinidae | Whole fish | Oral | Pox | Cooked fish is prescribed to eat | 0.26 | 75.0 |
Pain | 57.1 | ||||||||||
Asthma | 66.7 | ||||||||||
27 | Fish | Kurkuri mas | Devil fish | Chaca chaca (Hamilton, 1822) (V) | Chacidae | Meat | Oral | Asthma | Dry fish is grind and prescribed to drink with water | 0.04 | 81.2 |
28 | Reptile | Musuwa shap | Indian rat snake | Ptyas mucosa (Linnaeus, 1758) (V) | Colubridae | Meat | Oral | Pain or body ache | Cooked meat is prescribed to eat | 0.06 | 35.1 |
29 | Reptile | Tezpia | Common Indian skink | Eutropis carinata (Schneider, 1801) (V) | Scincidae | Meat | Oral | Snake bite and pain | It is boiled in water and after boiling water portion is prescribed to drink | 0.03 | 21.1 |
30 | Reptile | gui | Bengal monitor | Varanus bengalensis (Daudin, 1802) (V) | Varanidae | Meat | Oral | Skin disease (ring worm) | Boiled meat is prescribed to eat. | 0.29 | 70.0 |
31 | Reptile | jethi | Indian wall lizard | Hemidactylus flaviviridis (Ruppell, 1835) (V) | Gekkonidae | Meat | Oral | Pain | Lizard meat is inserted in banana for easy swallowing and prescribed to eat | 0.02 | 12.9 |
32 | Reptile | Feti shap | Cobra | Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor, 1836) (V) | Elapidae | bile /gall bladder | Oral | Tonsil | Raw bile/gall bladder is prescribed to eat. | 0.08 | 38.5 |
33 | Mammal | Neola | Mongoose | Herpestes edwardsii (Saint-Hilaire, 1818) (V) | Herpestidae | Meat | Oral | Cancer | Meat is boiled and prescribed to eat | 0.18 | 47.1 |
Asthma | 35.3 | ||||||||||
Rabies | 46.2 | ||||||||||
34 | Mammal | Kerketuwa | Squirrel | Sciurus caroliniensis (Gmelin, 1788) (V) | Sciuridae | Meat | Oral | Asthma | Boiled meat is prescribed to eat | 0.21 | 29.6 |
35 | Mammal | Garu | Cow | Bos indicus (Linnaeus, 1758) (V) | Bovidae | Milk (curd) | Oral | Skin cancer (anduriya) | 250Â ml of curd with juice from the roots of Hun borial plant (Sida cordifolia L.) and sira of bakul bora rice prescribed to take for 3Â days | 0.40 | 66.7 |
Milk | Oral | Chronic dysentery | Milk is mixed with juice of Sotiona plant (Alstonia scholaris L.) leaf and bark and prescribed to take for 3Â days. | 85.7 | |||||||
urine | Oral | Epilepsy (Mrigi bemar) | Cow urine is mixed with crushed seed of Bokful (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.) and prescribed to drink | 71.4 | |||||||
36 | Mammal | Moh | Buffalo | Bubalus bubalis (Linnaeus, 1758) (V) | Bovidae | Horn | Oral | Pre menstrual pain | After burning of buffalo horn the ash is mixed with water and prescribed to drink | 0.37 | 77.8 |
37 | Mammal | Ketela pohu | Porcupine | Hystrix indica (Linnaeus, 1758) (V) | Hystricidae | Elementary canal | Oral | Pre menstrual pain | alimentary canal is dried and ground and then mixed with water and prescribed to drink | 0.13 | 81.5 |
38 | Mammal | Horin/Dolhorin | Deer/Swamp deer | Rucervus duvaucelii or Cervus duvaucelii (Cuvier, 1823) (V) | Carvidae | Horn | Topical | Piles | Horn of dear is burned and the smoke is used in piles region | 0.08 | 63.2 |
39 | Mammal | Sunga baduli | Indian fruit bat (vesper bat) | Pipistrellus coromandrs (Gray, 1838) (V) | Vespertilionidae | Blood | Oral | Vomiting | Blood is prescribed to drink to stop vomiting | 0.05 | 61.5 |
40 | Mammal | Bor Baduli | Bat | Pteropus gigantus (Brunnich, 1782), Rhinolophus spp. (Lacepede,1799) (V) | Pteropodidae | meat | Oral | Asthma | Meat is cooked and prescribed to eat | 0.66 | 94.7 |
41 | Mammal | Shial | Indian fox | Vulpes bengalensis (Shaw, 1800) (V) | Canidae | meat | Oral | Paralysis | Cooked meat is consumed | 0.52 | 91.3 |
42 | Mammal | Manuh | Human | Homo sapiens (Linnaeus, 1758) (V) . | Homonidae | urine | Oral | Senseless | Prescribed to drink human urine | 034 | 75.0 |
Topical | Wound | Urine is used as antiseptic in wound | 47.8 |