Table 1 Plants traditionally used in Cava de’ Tirreni

 Acer campestre L.

(Mattia 094)

Nocefragola

Wood

Dom: the wood is used to make tool handles, toys, “ciaramella” (typical musical instrument) and “ziccaro” (bird-call).

Med.: the decoction is used in the treatment of amenorrhea and as an abortive.

 Sambucus nigra L.

(Mattia 011)

Savùco

Bark

Med.: boiled in water, it is used as a lenitive for burns; mixed with olive oil or beeswax, it is claimed to act as a cicatrizer.

Leaves

Med.: crushed, they are applied as a lenitive for burned skin.

Med.: a poultice, prepared also with leaves of Parietaria officinalis and Vincetoxicum hirundinaria, is used topically against leg edemas.

Food: fresh leaves are eaten cooked with eggs.

Inflorescences

Med.: a decoction is employed as a febrifuge.

Med.: an infusion is drunk to treat joint inflammations.

Med.: An infusion is claimed to cure the female sterility.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Fruits

Food: Used for typical jams.

 Arum italicum Miller

(Mattia 043)

Pane ‘e serpe

Rhizome

Med.: topically, it used as a skin decongestant.

 Hedera helix L.

(Mattia 116)

Ellera

Fresh leaves

Med.: boiled until the leaves become a gel and this is used topically as an anti-rheumatic.

 Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik

(Mattia 108)

Fetenti

Fresh leaves

Med.: a poultice in olive oil with beeswax is claimed to be an anti-inflammatory in case of traumas.

Med: a decoction is used as a gargle for toothache.

Dom.: a water maceration with Urtica dioica leaves is sprayed on the vegetables to send away insects.

 Ceterach officinarum DC.

(Mattia 182)

Spaccaprete

Aerial parts

Med: a decoction is used as an expectorant.

 Borago officinalis L.

(Mattia 186)

Verraccine; Vurràina

Aerial parts

Food: cooked in salads or with eggs.

Med.: a decoction is used as a diuretic.

 Symphytum tuberosum L.

(Mattia 047)

Cugliunciello

Roots

Med.: the minced roots are applied externally to resolve contusions and wounds.

 Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.

Figurine

Branches

Med.: the inner gel is used as lenitive for skin.

 Cannabis sativa L.

(Mattia 034)

Canapa

Branches

Dom.: mixed with eggs, the fibers were used to make bandages.

Dom.: they are used as textile fibers for rope production.

 Capparis spinosa L.

(Mattia 144)

Chiapparo

Buds

Food: used to aromatize foods.

 Saponaria officinalis L.

(Mattia 055)

Erva saponara

Leaves

Dom.: fresh leaves are used to clean hands, especially after tobacco manufacturing.

 Achillea millefolium L.

(Mattia 103)

Troneto

Flowering tops

Food: used for preparation of liqueurs.

Dom.: to make brooms.

Med.: the inhalation of its decoction is claimed to possess vermifuge activity.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Artemisia absinthium L.

(Mattia 078)

Nascienzo

Fresh leaves

Med.: a decoction is claimed to be an anti-diabetic.

Food: used for preparation of liqueurs.

 Bellis perennis L.

(Mattia 005)

Margherita sarvatica

Flower heads

Dom.: a maceration is used to prepare a cosmetic scented water.

Med.: a decoction is claimed to be febrifuge.

 Cichorium intybus L.

(Mattia 063)

Cicoria

Aerial parts

Food: cooked in preparation of “minestra maritata”.

Med.: a decoction is used as a laxative.

Med.: a decoction is claimed to be a liver depurative.

 Centaurea benedicta (L.) L.

(Mattia 046)

Cardogna

Aerial parts

Feed: they are used as a special feed for donkeys.

 Condrilla juncea L.

(Mattia 163)

Lattarole

Aerial parts

Food: cooked in preparation of “minestra maritata”.

 Crepis vesicaria L.

(Mattia 187)

Lattarole

Aerial parts

Food: cooked in preparation of “minestra maritata”.

 Cynara cardunculus ssp. scolymus (L.) Hayek

(Mattia 009)

Carcioffa

Leaves

Med.: a decoction is used in treatment of liver disease.

 Helminthotheca echioides (L.) Holub

(Mattia 098)

Lattarole

Aerial parts

Food: cooked in preparation of “minestra maritata”.

 Lactuca sativa L.

(Mattia 114)

Nzalata

Leaves

Med.: boiled leaves are used topically in case of toothache.

 Matricaria chamomilla L.

(Mattia 133)

Camumirra

Flowering heads

Med.: an infusion with Laurus nobilis leaves is used topically for edemas.

Med.: a poultice is used topically as an eye anti-inflammatory.

Med.: An infusion, taken orally, is claimed to be a sedative.

Med.: a poultice is applied externally in case of hematomas and traumas.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Reichardia picroides (L.) Roth

(Mattia 054)

Lattecielle

Leaves

Food: cooked in preparation of “minestra maritata”.

 Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn

(Mattia 113)

Cardone

Flowering heads

Food: cooked in preparation of “minestra maritata”.

 Sonchus oleraceus (L.) L.

(Mattia 171)

Stracciacannarone

Aerial parts

Food: cooked in preparation of “minestra maritata”.

 Tanacetum balsamita L.

(Mattia 132)

Erva da’ madonna

Aerial parts

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Taraxacum campylodes G.E. Haglund.

(Mattia 158)

Cicoria sarvatica

Leaves

Food: uncooked in salads or cooked in preparation of “minestra maritata”.

 Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br.

(Mattia 056)

Campanelle

Whole plant

Med.: a decoction is used as a hypotensive.

 Ostrya carpinifolia Scop.

(Mattia 228)

Carpino

Leaves

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Armoracia rusticana Gaertner, B.Mey, and Scherb.

(Mattia 004)

Leaves

Dom.: leaves are smoked.

 Brassica oleracea L.

(Mattia 041)

Caveleciore

Leaves

Med.: a decoction is used externally to treat furuncles.

Med.: internally, a decoction is claimed to be a depurative.

 Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.

(Mattia 102)

Zeppolelle sarvatiche

Leaves

Food: cooked in preparation of “minestra maritata”.

Med.: fresh leaves are eaten as an antispasmodic in case of colic.

 Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC.

(Mattia 077)

Rucola

Leaves

Med.: cooked leaves are eaten with olive oil and lemon juice as an antispasmodic in case of colic.

Med.: a decoction is used as an ophthalmic anti-inflammatory.

Med.: an infusion is claimed to be a men aphrodisiac.

 Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv.

(Mattia 095)

Ciurilli ianchi

Flowering tops

Med.: a decoction is used as a febrifuge.

Med.: a decoction is employed as a peripheral vasodilator.

Med.: a decoction is taken orally as a prostatic anti-inflammatory.

 Nasturtium officinale R.Br.

(Mattia 146)

Leaves

Food: in salads or cooked in preparation of “minestra maritata”.

 Cucurbita pepo L.

(Mattia 105)

Cocuzza

Fruits

Dom.: dry fruits were used as seeds containers.

Seeds

Med.: they are eaten as a vermifuge.

Med.: they are eaten in case of constipation.

 Equisetum arvense L.

(Mattia 093)

Cola ‘e volpe

Aerial parts

Med.: a decoction is used in treatment of prostate and bladder affections.

 Arbutus unedo L.

(Mattia 231)

Sovera pelosa

Leaves

Med.: a decoction is used internally as an astringent.

Fruits

Food: they were eaten fresh or in jams.

 Euphorbia dendroides L.

(Mattia 168)

Tutamaglio

Latex

Med.: it was applied topically to treat warts.

Whole plant

Dom.: a water macerate is sprayed on fruit-trees to prevent theft.

 Mercurialis annua L.

(Mattia 124)

Murcuvella

Aerial parts

Med.: an infusion is used as a general tonic.

Med.: an infusion is claimed to act as a digestive.

Med.: an infusion is employed as a febrifuge.

 Castanea sativa Mill.

(Mattia 096)

Castagno

Seeds

Food: to prepare cakes and pasta.

Feed: as a food for pigs.

Wood

Dom.: it was used to make vats, barrels, kitchen utensils, baskets, windows, furniture; today it is used as a stake for arbor.

 Quercus ilex L.

(Mattia 117)

Elece

Leaves and bark

Med.: a decoction with Urtica dioica leaves is used in gargles against throat inflammations.

Leaves and acorns

Feed: as a food for pigs.

Wood

Dom.: it was used to make vats, barrels and domestic tools.

 Quercus robur L.

(Mattia 127)

Cerza

Leaves and bark

Med.: a decoction with Urtica dioica leaves is used in gargles against throat inflammations.

Leaves and acorns

Feed: as a food for pigs.

Wood

Dom.: it was used to make vats, barrels and domestic tools.

 Arundo donax L.

(Mattia 036)

Canna

Rhizome

Med.: a decoction is used in treatment of gastric affections.

Branches

Dom.: to make baskets and musical instruments; as a support for vegetables.

 Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.

(Mattia 104)

Gramigna

Rhizome

Med.: a decoction is employed as an urinary anti-inflammatory and as a diuretic with Urtica dioica leaves.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Whole plant

Med.: an infusion is claimed to be useful in treatment of women infertility.

 Triticum turgidum L.

(Mattia 045)

Grano

Seeds

Feed.: dirty dishes are washed with bran in hot water; this water was then given to domestic animals to drink.

 Zea mays L.

(Mattia 089)

Gravurino

Stigmas

Med.: a decoction is used as a diuretic and for treatment of kidney stones.

 Hypericum perforatum L.

(Mattia 031)

Erva di san Giuvanni

Flowering tops

Med.: a decoction is claimed to be a prostate anti-inflammatory.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Aerial parts

Med.: crushed fresh plants or an olive oil macerate were used as a lenitive and cicatrizer.

 Juglans regia L.

(Mattia 072)

Noce

Leaves

Med.: a decoction is claimed to be useful in treatment of hyperglycemia.

Dom: they are put in bean sacks to keep away insects.

Husk

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Ajuga reptans L.

(Mattia 066)

Erva d’a’ Maronna

Leaves and flowers

Med.: a decoction is claimed to be useful in treatment of renal diseases.

 Lavandula angustifolia Mill.

(Mattia 013)

Spigandos

Flowers

Med.: a decoction is employed in treatment of gastro-intestinal diseases.

Med.: a decoction is employed in treatment of urinary diseases.

Med.: an infusion with Papaver rhoeas petals is used as a sedative.

Flowering tops

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Dom: “pupatelle” were prepared and used to wash and to perfume undergarments and to keep away insects.

 Mentha xpiperita L.

(Mattia 097)

Amenta

Flowers and leaves

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Leaves

Food: as a main ingredient of a typical food with calf or pork spleen.

 Mentha x rotundifolia (L.) Huds.

(Mattia 121)

Amenta

Flowers and leaves

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Leaves

Food: as a main ingredient of a typical food with calf or pork spleen.

 Mentha spicata L.

(Mattia 064)

Amenta

Leaves

Med.: an infusion is claimed to help spleen functionality.

Food: as a main ingredient of a typical food with calf or pork spleen.

Flowers and leaves

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Nepeta cataria L.

(Mattia 173)

Nepeta

Flowers and leaves

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Leaves

Med.: a decoction is used as an antitussive.

Dom.: to wash undergarments.

 Ocimum basilicum L.

(Mattia 022)

Vasenicola

Fresh leaves

Med.: a decoction is employed as a diuretic.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Origanum vulgare L.

(Mattia 049)

Arecana

Flowering tops

Med.: a decoction is used in treatment of respiratory diseases.

Med.: they are applied externally as a lenitive for burns.

 Rosmarinus officinalis L.

(Mattia 052)

Rosamarina

Aerial parts

Med.: a decoction is considered to act as a general tonic.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Salvia officinalis L.

(Mattia 153)

Sarvia

Flowers and leaves

Med.: a decoction is claimed to reduce the excessive menstrual flux.

Med.: to alleviate gastric pains, a decoction is drunk half an hour after eating an egg albumen.

Med.: Crushed fresh leaves are applied on Herpes zoster skin lesions.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Thymus vulgaris L.

(Mattia 030)

Timo Scerapuglia

Flowers and leaves

Med.: a decoction in used in treatment of enteric afflictions and colitis.

Med.: vapor inhalation is considered an antitussive and an expectorant.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Laurus nobilis L.

(Mattia 020)

Lauro

Leaves

Food: used as an aromatizer for food and liqueurs.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Med.: a decoction is used as a digestive.

Med.: a decoction is employed as a diuretic.

 Ceratonia siliqua L.

(Mattia 015)

Sciuscella

Seeds

Dom.: in the past, they were used to make necklaces and as a unit of weight.

Fruits

Food: as a food for children.

Feed: as a food for horses.

Med.: the fresh fruit is eaten in case of constipation.

Med.: juice was applied topically as on warts.

 Spartium junceum L.

(Mattia 129)

Janesta

Flowers

Med.: a decoction is considered useful in treatment of diabetes.

Leaves

Med.: crushed fresh leaves were applied topically on warts.

 Allium sativum L.

(Mattia 032)

Aglio

Bulbs

Med.: fresh bulbs are applied as decongestant for insect bites.

Med.: fresh bulbs are rubbed on corns.

Med.: a bulb necklace or vapor inhalations were used against enteric parasites.

Vet.: an olive oil macerate is used against chicken diseases.

 Aloe barbadensis Mill.

Gel

Med.: applied topically as a skin lenitive.

 Asparagus acutifolius L.

(Mattia 006)

Spalice

Aerial parts

Food: cooked with pasta or with eggs.

Med.: eaten fresh, they are considered to act as a diuretic.

 Ruscus aculeatus L.

(Mattia 042)

Scacciasurece

Aerial parts

Food: in salads or with eggs.

Dom: used to make brooms; to keep out mice

 Althaea cannabina L.

(Mattia 107)

Malvone

Leaves

Med.: fresh crushed leaves were applied as a cicatrizer on wounds.

 Malva sylvestris L.

(Mattia 065)

Mavca

Leaves and roots

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Leaves and flowers

Med.: an infusion is claimed to ameliorate blood circulation.

Root

Med.: a decoction with a dried fig and apple peel is used as an antitussive.

 Ficus carica L.

(Mattia 019)

Fica

Syconia

Med.: a decoction with dried fig leaves and apple peel is used as an antitussive; somebody add walnut hulls, Malva sylvestris leaves and Matricaria chamomilla heads.

Latex

Med.: it is applied on warts.

Leaves and dried syconia

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Morus alba L.

(Mattia 157)

Ceveza janca

Leaves

Med.: a decoction is used as an anti-diabetic.

Med.: a decoction is employed as a diuretic.

 Morus nigra L.

(Mattia 155)

Ceveza nera

Leaves

Med.: a decoction is used as an anti-diabetic.

Med.: a decoction is employed as a diuretic.

 Eucalyptus globulus Labill.

(Mattia 073)

Calipso

Leaves

Med.: vapor inhalation with Urtica dioca, Cynodon dactylon roots, Parietaria officinalis and lemon leaves are used against sinusitis.

 Myrtus communis L.

(Mattia 081)

Murtella

Leaves

Med.: an infusion is drunk in case of feet swelling.

Leaves and flowers

Med.: a decoction is claimed to ameliorate peripheral circulation.

Med.: a decoction is used as an astringent.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Fruits

Food: used to prepare liqueurs.

 Fraxinus ornus L.

(Mattia 135)

Uorn

Leaves

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Stem juice

Med.: used as a laxative.

Leaves and bark

Med.: a water macerate is used a gastric antispasmodic; the same preparation is claimed to ameliorate liver functions.

Bark

Food: a water macerate is used as a refreshing drink.

Vet.: a water macerate is used in treatment of “pepitola”, a chicken disease similar to a cold.

Feed: used as a food for chicken.

 Olea europaea L.

(Mattia 154)

Aulivo

Leaves

Med.: a water macerate is used as a hypotensive.

Fruits

Med.: fresh fruits are administered to treat hypotension.

Wood

Dom.: used to make kitchen utensils and musical instruments (“ciaramella”).

 Chelidonium majus L.

(Mattia 162)

Papagno sarvatico

Whole plant

Med.: a decoction is claimed to ameliorate liver functions.

Latex

Med.: applied topically on warts.

 Papaver rhoeas L.

(Mattia 003)

Papagno

Flowers/buds

Med.: an infusion is used in treatment of insomnia.

 Plantago lanceolata L.

(Mattia 048)

Cincheniervi

Leaves

Med.: crushed and boiled, they are applied to treat furuncles.

Med.: crushed, they are applied on contusions and are applied on insect bites.

Med.: an infusion is used in treatment of kidney stones.

Food: cooked in preparation of “minestra maritata”.

 Plantago major L.

(Mattia 051)

Cincheniervi

Leaves

Med.: crushed and boiled, they are applied to treat furuncles.

Med.: crushed, they are applied on contusions and are on insect bites.

Med.: an infusion is used in treatment of kidney stones.

Food: cooked in preparation of “minestra maritata”.

 Polygonum aviculare L.

(Mattia 159)

Cientnurehe

Whole plant

Med.: an infusion is considered to be a cholagogue.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Dom.: boiled with Foeniculum vulgare plant, Laurus nobilis, Nepeta cataria, and lemon leaves, it is used to wash barrels.

Med.: an infusion is used to stimulate child appetite.

 Polypodium vulgare L.

(Mattia 010)

Filece

Rhizome

Med.: a decoction is used as a vermifuge.

Branches

Dom.: used as a carpet where winter apples are placed to mature.

 Portulaca oleracea L.

(Mattia 119)

Pucchiacchella

Erva vasciulella

Aerial parts

Food: eaten in salads.

 Cyclamen purpurascens Mill.

(Mattia 018)

Piscialletto

Whole plant

Med.: it was put under the pillow of a baby who urinate in bed.

 Punica granatum L.

(Mattia 057)

Granata

Fruits

Med.: boiled, it was applied to aching breasts during the nursing

Bark

Med.: a decoction is drunk internally as an abortive.

 Clematis vitalba L.

(Mattia 023)

Vitaglia

Young buds

Food: cooked, they are eaten in salads and with eggs in omelets.

Branches

Dom.: to make baskets called “spaselle” where figs are dried.

 Crataegus monogyna Jacq.

(Mattia 070)

Calavrice

Flowers and leaves

Med.: an infusion is used as a sedative.

Med.: an infusion is administered in treatment of stomachache.

Med.: a decoction is used as a febrifuge.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Branches

Dom.: to make sticks for agriculture tools.

 Prunus avium (L.) L.

(Mattia 062)

Ceraso

Fruits

Med.: the juice is considered a laxative.

Stalk

Med.: a decoction is used for gargles in sore throat.

Med.: a decoction is used as a diuretic.

Med.: a decoction with seeds is used as an antitussive.

 Rosa canina L.

(Mattia 025)

Rosella; rosella sarvatica

Rosehips and leaves

Med.: an infusion is used in case of flu.

Rosehips and flowers

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Rubus caesius L.

(Mattia 033)

Rusto

Tender tops

Food: they are eaten with eggs in omelets.

Fruits and Leaves

Med.: a decoction is used as an antidiarrheal.

 Sanguisorba officinalis L.

(Mattia 059)

Pane ‘e noce

Leaves

Med.: an infusion is claimed to be a gastric antispasmodic.

Food: eaten in salads or cooked in preparation of “minestra maritata”.

 Sorbus domestica L.

(Mattia 088)

Sovere

Leaves

Med.: a decoction is used as an astringent.

Med.: water where leaves are boiled is used topically on chilblain.

 Galium verum L.

(Mattia 024)

Evera rà sbaria

Aerial parts

Med.: a decoction is used as a febrifuge.

 Ruta graveolens L.

(Mattia 039)

A’ruta

Leaves

Med.: fried in oil they are used for anti-inflammatory massages.

Med.: the oil macerate is used as an anti-inflammatory for joints.

Med.: an olive oil macerate is applied topically as an eye anti-inflammatory.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f. Osbeck

(Mattia 086)

Limone

Fruits

Med.: the fresh juice is drunk in case of headache.

Med.: one spoon of juice is employed in case of halitosis.

 Populus tremula L.

(Mattia 050)

Chiuppo

Bark

Med.: a water macerate is applied on warts.

Med.: an infusion with leaves is claimed to improve memory.

 Salix alba L.

(Mattia 028)

Salece

Leaves

Med.: an infusion is used as a febrifuge.

Branches

Dom.: called “turtielli”, they are is used to tie Vitis vinifera and to make baskets (“spaselle”).

 Salix purpurea L.

(Mattia 027)

Vitelle

Leaves

Med.: an infusion is used as a febrifuge.

Branches

Dom.: called “turtielli”, they are is used to tie Vitis vinifera and to make baskets (“spaselle”).

 Cymbalaria muralis Gaertn., B. Mey., and Scherb.

(Mattia 083)

Pratella sciurite

Aerial parts

Med.: a decoction is used as a cicatrizer for wounds.

 Capsicum annuum L.

(Mattia 058)

Pupaino

Fruits

Med.: an olive oil macerate is used for anti-rheumatic massages.

 Datura stramonium L.

(Mattia 076)

Fetiente

Leaves

Med.: smoked as an anti-asthmatic.

 Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.

(Mattia 017)

Pummarola

Fruits

Med.: applied on insect bites as a decongestant.

Aerial parts

Med.: an infusion with Rosa canina leaves is claimed to be useful in treatment of kidney stones.

 Nicotiana tabacum L.

(Mattia 001)

Erbasanta

Fresh leaves

Med.: applied against toothache.

 Solanum melongena L.

(Mattia 016)

Mulegnana

Leaves

Med.: boiled and applied on hemorrhoids as an anti-inflammatory.

 Solanum tuberosum L.

(Mattia 008)

Patana

Tuber

Med.: crushed, it is applied on burns as a lenitive.

Med.: it is cut in half and put on the forehead to relieve headache.

 Tilia platyphyllos Scop.

(Mattia 115)

Teglia

Flowers

Med.: a decoction is used as a sedative.

Med.: a decoction with Ruta graveolens and Eucalyptus globulus leaves is used as a febrifuge.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Bark

Med.: a decoction is used in treatment of cystitis.

Med.: a water macerate is used as a lenitive for burns.

 Angelica sylvestris L.

(Mattia 195)

Leaves

Med.: a decoction is considered a vermifuge.

 Apium graveolens L.

(Mattia 068)

Accio

Leaves

Med: an infusion with Parietaria officinalis aerial parts and Petroselinum sativum roots is claimed to be effective in treatment of kidney stones.

 Daucus carota L.

(Mattia 053)

Pastinaca

Root

Med.: eaten as a diuretic.

Med.: eaten as a laxative.

Flowers

Dom.: used to obtain a dye for paintings.

 Foeniculum vulgare Mill.

(Mattia 014)

Finucchiello

Fresh leaves

Med.: a decoction with Matricaria chamomilla heads is used in case of headache.

Med.: an infusion is used as a carminative.

Fruits

Med.: fruits are smoked against toothache.

Food: used for liqueurs and to aromatize foods.

 Petroselinum sativum Hoffm.

(Mattia 002)

Petrusino

Fresh leaves

Food: used to aromatize foods.

Roots

Med: an infusion with Parietaria officinalis aerial parts and Apium graveolens leaves is claimed to be effective in treatment of kidney stones.

 Parietaria officinalis L.

(Mattia 037)

Paredara

Aerial parts

Med.: a decoction with Matricaria chamomilla heads is used against peripheral edemas. A with white egg a wrap is prepared for contusion and/or distortion.

Med.: a wrap prepared with an albumen is used as a decongestant to treat contusions and/or distortions.

Med.: an infusion with Petroselinum sativum roots and Apium graveolens leaves is claimed to be effective in treatment of kidney stones.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

Dom.: a mix of sand, water and P. officinalis is used to clean wine stains from carboys and bottles.

 Urtica dioica L.

(Mattia 085)

Ardica

Aerial parts

Med.: a decoction is used as an expectorant, sometimes adding barks of Vitis vinifera and leaves and roots of Malva sylvestris.

Med.: a decoction is used as a depurative.

Vet.: a decoction is administered to animals to expel afterbirth.

Food: boiled, are eaten in salads or with pasta.

Feed: used as feed for cows.

Dom.: macerated for 15 days and sprayed on vegetables to protect them from insects.

 Urtica urens L.

(Mattia 074)

Ardica

Aerial parts

Med.: a decoction is used as an expectorant, sometimes adding barks of Vitis vinifera and leaves and roots of Malva sylvestris.

Med.: a decoction is used as a depurative.

Vet.: a decoction is administered to animals to expel afterbirth.

Food: boiled, are eaten in salads or with pasta.

Feed: used as feed for cows.

Dom.: macerated for 15 days and sprayed on vegetables to protect them from insects.

 Centranthus ruber (L.) DC.

(Mattia 174)

Cannaviello; valerianella rossa

Whole plant

Med.: a decoction is used as a mild sedative.

 Lippia triphylla (L’Hér.) Kuntze

(Mattia 109)

Erba cedro

Leaves

Med.: an infusion is claimed to be a digestive.

Med.: a decoction is used as a mild sedative.

Med.: used in the preparation of the decoction called “o’ ricotto”.

 Viola odorata L.

(Mattia 141)

Violetta

Roots

Med.: a decoction with Malva sylvestris leaves and Salvia officinalis aerial parts is considered an antitussive.

 Vitis vinifera L.

(Mattia 026)

Vite

Fruits

Med.: dried grapes were eaten in the case of flu.

Med.: the marc is used topically in treatment of arthritis.

Bark

Med.: a decoction with Malva sylvestris leaves is used against bronchitis.