Table 3 Wild plants sold in Yerevan’s markets
From: Wild plants and fungi sold in the markets of Yerevan (Armenia)
Family/species | Main local name | Voucher no. in ERCB and conservation status | Used parts | Ways of use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Acoraceae | ||||
Acorus calamus L. | Khnkegheg, baghshtak | Armenian Red List | Rhizomes | MED: Tincture for digestive disorders, respiratory system diseases, inflammatory skin diseases. Decoction against anaemia, diseases of the nervous system, as a lotion against hair loss. Теа for appetite. |
Alliaceae | ||||
Allium atroviolaceum Boiss. | Karmrasokhuk | 13552 | Aerial parts, bulb | CUL: Salads, lacto-fermented, spice for dishes and cheese. MED: Fresh leaves for gum pain from the growth of baby teeth, as a multivitamin, fresh bulbs with honey or sugar for respiratory system diseases, baked bulbs for cough. |
Allium rotundum L. | Dashtaskhtor | 13524 | Aerial parts, bulb | CUL: Salads, lacto-fermented, spice for dishes and cheese. MED: Fresh leaves for gum pain from the growth of baby teeth, as a multivitamin. |
Allium victorialis L. | Ghandzil | 13484 | Aerial parts, bulb | CUL: Salads, lacto-fermented, spice for dishes and cheese. MED: Fresh leaves for gum pain from the growth of baby teeth, as a multivitamin. |
Amaranthaceae | ||||
Amaranthus retroflexus L. | Havakatar | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Fried. MED: Infusion for diarrhoea, boiled herb for constipation. | |
Atriplex prostrata subsp. calotheca (Rafn) M.A.Gust. [syn. Atriplex hastata L.] | Mokhrateluk, tal | 13556 | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Salads, lacto-fermented, fried, filling for pies. |
Atriplex sagittata Borkh. [syn. Atriplex nitens Schkuhr] | Mokhrateluk, tal | 13559 | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Salads, lacto-fermented, fried, filling for pies. |
Teluk | 13509 | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Fried. MED: Fresh juice used for stomach and intestine diseases, for the treatment of headaches and constipation. | |
Apiaceae | ||||
Angelica tatianae Bordz. | Bokhni, kekh | Leafstalk, leaves and stems | CUL: Salads, lacto-fermented. MED: Infusion for digestive disorders and respiratory system diseases. | |
Anthriscus nemorosa (Bieb.) Spreng. | Khrkhnduk, trtruk | 13523 | Young stems, leaves | CUL: Lacto-fermented. MED: Infusion of leaves for digestive disorders and the treatment of skin diseases. |
Astrodaucus orientalis (L.) Drude | Mandak, astghagazar | 13430 | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Lacto-fermented, fried. MED: Infusion used in digestive disorders. |
Carum carvi L. | Qimon, zire, hayots chaman | Seeds | CUL: Spice for dishes, pickles and sujukh (spicy sausage). MED: Infusion for digestive disorders. | |
Chaerophyllum aureum L. | Shushanbanjar, ghmi, mandak | 13490 | Young leaves and stems, roots | CUL: Aerial parts lacto-fermented, fried. MED: Infusion of roots for digestive disorders. |
Chaerophyllum bulbosum L. | Shushanbanjar, mandak | 13461 | Young leaves and stems, bulbous roots | CUL: Lacto-fermented, fried. MED: Infusion of bulbous roots for digestive disorders. |
Daucus carota L. | Gjazruk | 13473 | Young leaves and stems, seeds | CUL: Fried. MED: Infusion of seeds for digestive disorders. |
Falcaria vulgaris Bernh. | Sibekh | 13476 | Young leaves and stems, roots | CUL: Lacto-fermented, fried. MED: Infusion of leaves to stop bleeding caused by tuberculosis, boiled root with honey and wine for strengthening. |
Ferula szowitziana DC. | Nardes, bogh | Armenian Red List | Leafstalk, gum | CUL: Lacto-fermented, fried. MED: Infusion against neuritis, epilepsy, kidney stone disease, gum used for digestive disorders and respiratory system diseases. |
Ferulago setifolia K.Koch | Nardesuk, pirvaz | 13564 | Young leaves, stems, flowers | CUL: Lacto-fermented, fried, soups. |
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. | Horom samit | 13549 | Young stems, seeds | CUL: Fried, used as spice for dishes, pickles, liqueur, candy, sauce. MED: Infusion used in digestive disorders, as a choleretic, carminative and spasmolytic agent. |
Heracleum antasiaticum Manden | Bldrghan, qegh | 13566 | Young stems, leafstalk, boots | CUL: Lacto-fermented. MED: Decoction of herb used against liver and gallbladder diseases. |
Heracleum chorodanum (Hoffm.) DC. | Bldrghan | Young stems, leafstalk | CUL: Lacto-fermented | |
Heracleum trachyloma Fisch. and C.A.Mey. | Bldrghan | 13550 | Young stems, leafstalk | CUL: Lacto-fermented |
Bilacunaria microcarpa (M.Bieb.) Pimenov and V.N.Tikhom. [syn. Hippomarathrum microcarpum Petrov] | Bokhi, pekhi | 13562 | Young stems, leafstalk, boots | CUL: Lacto-fermented, fresh juice used for stomach diseases, as hypoglycaemic agent. |
Pimpinella saxifraga L. | Anison, qoshkhot | 13551 | Seeds | CUL: Spice for pilaf. MED: Tincture for digestive disorders, respiratory system diseases. |
Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl. | Poli, geli bokhi | 13557 | Young leaves | CUL: Lacto-fermented, fried. |
Araceae | ||||
Arum orientale M.Bieb. | Nvik, spitak banjar | 13489 | Dried and then boiled leaves and rhizomes | CUL: Soups and sauce from dried and then boiled leaves, flour from dried and boiled rhizomes. MED: Powder from dried rhizomes against inflammatory skin diseases, infusion of rhizomes as inflammatory agent for digestive disorders, respiratory system diseases, and for use as an anthelmintic drug. |
Asparagaceae | ||||
Asparagus officinalis L. | Tsnepak, tsnebek | 13553 | Young stems | CUL: Salads, fried with eggs. MED: Used as a multivitamin, boiled herb for constipation, infusion as hypoglycaemic and diuretic agent, against inflammatory diseases of the kidneys and bladder. |
Asparagus verticillatus L. | Tsnepak, tsnebek | 13554 | Young stems | CUL: Salads, fried with eggs. MED: Used as a multivitamin, boiled herb for constipation, as hypoglycaemic and diuretic agent, against inflammatory diseases of kidneys and bladder. |
Ornithogalum hajastanum Agapova | Spitak banjar | 13469 | Dried leaves | CUL: Soup, fried. |
Ornithogalum montanum Cirillo | Khnjloz | 13470 | Young leaves and bulbs | CUL: Lacto-fermented, fried. |
Polygonatum glaberrimum K.Koch | Sindrik | 13560 | Young leaves and stems, rhizomes | CUL: Salads, lacto-fermented, fried. MED: Fresh rhizomes and leaves used in cosmetology and against skin diseases, boiled leaves and tincture as an antidiabetic remedy. |
Polygonatum multiflorum (L.) All. | Sindrik | Young leaves and stems, rhizomes | CUL: Salads, lacto-fermented, fried. MED: Fresh rhizomes and leaves used in cosmetology and against skin diseases, boiled leaves and tincture as an antidiabetic remedy. | |
Polygonatum orientale Desf. | Sindrik | 13506 | Young leaves and stems, rhizomes | CUL: Salads, lacto-fermented, fried. MED: Fresh rhizomes and leaves used in cosmetology and against skin diseases, boiled leaves and tincture as an antidiabetic remedy. |
Puschkinia scilloides Adams | Alayaz | 13532 | Fresh and dried leaves | CUL: Friеd, cooked in soup with lentils. |
Asphodelaceae | ||||
Eremurus spectabilis M.Bieb. | Shresh, shresht | 13569 | Young leaves, roots | CUL: Salads, fried, lacto-fermented. MED: Infusion of leaves for digestive disorders. Powder from rhizomes used against skin abscesses and cysts. |
Asteraceae | ||||
Achillea millefolium L. | Hazaraterevuk | 13512 | Young leaves and stems, flowers, dried herb | CUL: Fresh leaves and fried stems, dried herb as spices for fatty meat, liqueur and tea. MED: Infusion of herbs for digestive disorders and used as appetitive agent against uterine bleeding, as diuretic agent. |
Achillea tenuifolia Lam. | Hazaraterevuk, chobani banjar | Young leaves and stems, flowers, dried herb | CUL: Fresh leaves and stems fried, dried herb as spices, for liqueur and tea. MED: Infusion of herbs for digestive disorders and as appetitive agent, against uterine bleeding, as diuretic agent. | |
Arctium lappa L. | Kratuk, krotuk | 13496 | Young leaves, stems, fresh and dried roots | CUL: Young leaves, stems and fresh roots for salads, soup, powder of dried root as coffee. MED: Infusion of roots as antipyretic, diuretic and hypoglycaemic agents, as lotion for hair growth, powder from leaves used against skin abscesses and sores. |
Arctium tomentosum Mill. | Kratuk | 13572 | Young leaves, stems, fresh and dried roots | CUL: Young leaves, stems and fresh roots for salads, soup. MED: Infusion of roots as antipyretic, diuretic and hypoglycaemic agents, as lotion for hairs growth, powder from leaves used against skin abscesses and as wound healing agent. |
Artemisia absinthium L. | Oshindr | 13497 | Young leaves, herb | CUL: As spices for liqueur and vodka. Dried herbs as mothproofing agent. MED: Infusion of herbs for digestive disorders and as appetitive agent, as anti-inflammatory agent against liver, gallbladder and pancreas diseases, as anthelmintic drug. REP. |
Artemisia austriaca Jacq. | Oshindr | 13414 | Young leaves, herb | CUL: As spices for liqueur and vodka. Dried herbs as mothproofing agent. MED: Infusion and tincture of herbs for digestive disorders and as appetitive agent, as anti-inflammatory agent against liver, gallbladder and pancreas diseases, as anthelmintic drug. REP: Against moths. |
Artemisia fragrans Willd. | Oshindr | 13543 | Young leaves, herb | CUL: As spices for liqueur and vodka. Dried herbs as mothproofing agent, decorative plant and grass for good luck. MED: Infusion and tincture of herbs for digestive disorders and as appetitive agent, as anti-inflammatory agent for treatment of liver, gallbladder and pancreas diseases as anthelmintic drug. DEC. REP: Against moths. MAGIC. |
Artemisia tournefortiana Rchb. | Oshindr | 13468 | Young leaves, herb | CUL: As spices for liqueur and vodka. Dried herbs as mothproofing agent. MED: Infusion and tincture of herbs for digestive disorders and as appetitive agent, as anti-inflammatory agent against liver, gallbladder and pancreas diseases, as anthelmintic drug. REP: Against moths. |
Artemisia vulgaris L. | Oshindr | 13467 | Young leaves, herb | As spices for liqueur and vodka. Dried herbs as mothproofing agent. MED: Infusion and tincture of herbs for digestive disorders and as appetitive agent, as anti-inflammatory agent against liver, gallbladder and pancreas diseases, as anthelmintic drug. REP: Against moths. |
Cyanus segetum Hill. [syn. Centaurea cyanus L.] | Terepuk kapuyt | 13498 | Flowers | CUL: Spice for tea. MED: Decoction for rinsing inflamed eyes. DEC. |
Cichorium intybus L. | Tchartchatuk, Egherd, | 13161 | Leaves, stems, roots | CUL: Powder of dried root as coffee or tea. MED: Infusion for digestive disorders and as hypoglycaemic agent, tincture of roots as wound healing agent against snake and scorpion bites. |
Helichrysum rubicundum (K.Koch) Bornm. | Antaram, anmer tsaghik | 13500 | Flowers | CUL: Herbal mix for tea. MED: Infusion against liver and gallbladder diseases, as choleretic and appetitive agents. DEC. |
Helichrysum plicatum DC. | Antaram, anmer tsaghik | Flowers | CUL: Herbal mix for tea. MED: Infusion against liver and gallbladder diseases, as choleretic and appetitive agents. DEC. | |
Inula helenium L. | Heghinei khot, kghmugh | Roots and rhizomes | MED: Decoction as anti-inflammatory, expectorant agent and against respiratory system diseases, as an antipyretic, for digestive disorders and as appetitive agent. Tea with honey against coughs. Decoction or ointment as wound healing agent. DEC. | |
Lactuca serriola L. | Hazar, kathnuk, radika | 13477 | Young basal leaves | CUL: Salads, in spring as a multivitamin. MED: Infusion against cough, respiratory system diseases, diseases of nervous system. Powder of dried leaves as wound healing agent. |
Leontodon hispidus L. | Aryutsatam, radika | Young basal leaves | CUL: Salads. MED: Infusion against gallbladder diseases, for teething pain. DEC. | |
Leucanthemum vulgare (Vaill.)Lam. | Spitakatsaghik, eritsuk | 13139 | Flowers | MED: Infusion and tea mistaken for chamomile. DEC. |
Picris hieracioides Sibth. and Sm. | Darnitch | 13457 | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Salads. MED: Boiled leaves for constipation, powder of dried leaves against skin abscesses. |
Podospermum laciniatum (L.) DC. | Sermnotuk, sindz | 13479 | Young leaves, roots | CUL: Salads, fried. |
Senecio leucanthemifolius subsp. vernalis (Waldst. and Kit.) Greuter [syn. Senecio vernalis Waldst. and Kit.] | Halevoruk | 13471 | Young leaves | CUL: Fried. MED: Boiled leaves for constipation, as diuretic and choleretic agent. |
Tanacetum polycephalum subsp. argyrophyllum (K.Koch) Podlech [syn. Tanacetum argyrophyllum (K.Koch) Tzvel.] | Meghvamushk, lvatsaghik | 13501 | Flowers | CUL: Spice for pickles and liqueur. Infusion against nephritis. |
Tanacetum vulgare L. | Tarkavan, мeghvamushk, lvatsaghik | 13575 | Flowers, herb | CUL: Spice for pickles and liqueur. MED: Herb as anthelmintic agent, against liver, gallbladder, stomach and intestine diseases. |
Taraxacum bessarabicum (Hornem.) Hand. Mazz. | Khatutik, radika | 13576 | Young leaves, roots | CUL: Salads, fried. MED: Infusion against digestive disorders, as a diuretic, choleretic, appetitive agent. Fresh leaves against skin diseases and abscesses. Juice of fresh leaves as a multivitamin and against anaemia. |
Taraxacum sonchoides (D.Don) Sch.Bip. [syn. Taraxacum montanum (C.A. Mey.) DC.] | Khatutik, radika | Young leaves, roots | CUL: Salads, fried. MED: Infusion against digestive disorders, as diuretic, choleretic, appetitive agent. Fresh leaves against skin diseases and abscesses. Juice of fresh leaves as a multivitamin and against anaemia. | |
Taraxacum officinale (L.) Weber ex F.H.Wigg. | Khatutik, radika | 13475 | Young leaves, roots | CUL: Salads, fried. MED: Infusion against digestive disorders, as diuretic, choleretic, appetitive agent. Fresh leaves against skin diseases and abscesses. Juice of fresh leaves as a multivitamin and against anaemia. Latex used against warts. |
Tragopogon coloratus C.A. Mey. | Sindz, qoshmoruk | 13514 | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Salads, fried, chewing gum from latex. MED: Latex used to stop bleeding and headaches. |
Tragopogon graminifolius DC. | Sindz, qoshmoruk | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Salads, fried, chewing gum from latex. MED: Latex used to stop bleeding and headaches. | |
Tragopogon dubius Scop. [syn. Tragopogon major Jacq.] | Sindz, qoshmoruk | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Salads, fried, chewing gum from latex. | |
Tragopogon pterocarpus DC. | Sindz, qoshmoruk | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Salads, fried, chewing gum from latex. MED: Use to strengthen immunity, to stop bleeding, against stomach and intestine diseases. | |
Tragopogon reticulatus Boiss. and A. Huet | Sindz, qoshmoruk | 13513 | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Salads, fried, chewing gum from latex. |
Tragopogon serotinus Sosn. | Sindz, qoshmoruk | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Salads, fried, chewing gum from latex. MED: Latex used to stop of bleeding, against headaches. | |
Tussilago farfara L. | Tatrak, khochkorik, hazi degh | 13502 | Leaves | MED: Infusion against respiratory system diseases, cough, as an antipyretic and expectorant agent. |
Berberidaceae | ||||
Berberis vulgaris L. | Tsoreni, ktsokhur | 13485 | Fresh and dried fruits, bark of roots and stems, wood | CUL: Jam and liqueur from ripe fruits, as spice for dishes and tea. WOOD: For handicrafts. MED: Infusion of bark against gallbladder, stomach, intestines and eye diseases, against skin abscesses. DEC. |
Berberis orientalis C.K. Schneid. [this species is now included in B. vulgaris according to the Plant List but regarded as separate in Armenian floras] | Tsoreni, ktsokhur | 13574 | Fresh and dried fruits, wood | CUL: Jam and liqueur from ripe fruits, as spice for dishes and tea. WOOD: For handicrafts. MED: Infusion of bark against gallbladder, stomach, intestine and eye diseases, against skin abscesses. DEC. |
Betulaceae | ||||
Corylus avellana L. | Tkhleni, tkoghin | 13567 | Fresh, dried and roasted nuts, leaves, nutshell, wood | CUL: Sweets and candy, nuts. WOOD: For handicrafts. MED: Tea from leaves as diuretic, antipyretic, for boosting the immune system, infusion of leaves against kidney and intestines diseases, as anti-inflammatory agent, ash of nutshell as wound healing agent. Nuts for sexual potency. |
Brassicaceae | ||||
Barbarea vulgaris R.Br. | Ktsmndzuk | 13555 | Young and dried leaves, herb | CUL: Salads, fried. MED: Infusion of herb as diuretic, immunity booster, anti-inflammatory agent. |
Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. | Tstapashar | 13474 | Young leaves | CUL: Salads, fried. MED: Infusion of herbs to prevent bleeding of the uterus, as diuretic, choleretic and wound healing agent. Juice of fresh herbs against kidney, liver and gallbladder diseases. |
Lepidium draba L. | Khruk, paron banjar | 13481 | Young leaves | CUL: Fried with eggs. |
Lepidium latifolium L. | Ghji | 13482 | Young leaves | CUL: Fried with eggs. MED: Infusion of leaves against skin diseases, nervous disorders and teething pain. |
Rorippa islandica (Oeder) Borbás | Ktsvich, paron banjar | Young leaves | CUL: Salads. | |
Cannabaceae | ||||
Cannabis sativa L. | Kaneph | 13558 | Seeds | CUL: In a roasted seed mix of wheat, hemp and flax (aghandz). MED: Powdered seeds with water for boosting the immune system and enhancing sexual potency. |
Capparaceae | ||||
Capparis spinosa L. | Капар, оtsi dzmeruk | 13526 | Young flower bud, fruits, roots | CUL: Flower buds used for pickles and as a spice. MED: Infusion of roots used for liver diseases, as hypoglycaemic agent. Compress from pulp of fruits and roots against headaches and joint and muscle pains. |
Caprifoliaceae | ||||
Cephalaria gigantea (Ledeb.) Bobrov | Ghantapa, jivan | 13528 | Fresh and dried flowers | CUL: Tea. MED: Infusion as an antipyretic, against colds and coughs, lotion against skin diseases. |
Valeriana officinalis L. | Katvakhot | 13586 | Dried roots, rhizomes | MED: Infusion or decoction used for anxiety and stress, for sleep disorders. |
Viburnum opulus L. | Brnchi | 13487 | Fresh and dried fruits | CUL: Juice, jam, liqueur, sweets and candy. Fresh and dried fruits used as a multivitamin, diuretic and immune system booster. |
Caryophyllaceae | ||||
Stellaria media (L.) Cyr. | Tchrtchruk | 13478 | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Salads, filling for pies (zhingyalov hats). |
Colchicaceae | ||||
Merendera trigyna Woronow | Khlopuz, dzntsaghik | 13507 | Blossoming shoots | DEC: Decoration only. |
Cornaceae | ||||
Cornus mas L. | Hon | 13204 | Fresh and dried fruits, pips of fruits, wood | CUL: Juice, jam, compote, dry pastille (ttu lavash), liqueur, lacto-fermented. WOOD: For buttons, pips of fruits for bijouterie and chaplets. MED: Jam with tea used to treat digestive disorders, diarrhoea and colds. DEC. |
Cucurbitaceae | ||||
Bryonia alba L. | Loshtak, arjakhaghogh | 13527 | Dried roots | MED: Infusion of roots against stomach diseases, haemorrhoids, as immune system booster and enhancer of sexual potency. |
Elaeagnaceae | ||||
Elaeagnus angustifolia L. [including Elaeagnus orientalis L.] | Phshateni | 13525 | Fresh and dried fruits | CUL: Flour, sweets. MED: Fruits and fruit infusions used to treat digestive disorders and diarrhoea. DEC. Whole branches with fruits for decoration. |
Elaeagnus rhamnoides (L.) A.Nelson | Chichkhan | 13531 | Fresh and dried fruits, wood | CUL: Juice, jam, liqueur. MED: Fruits as a multivitamin. Oil of fruits in cosmetology and stomatology for gum disease, as a wound healing agent against skin diseases. DEC. Whole branches with fruits for decoration. WOOD. |
Equisetaceae | ||||
Equisetum arvense L. | Dziadzet | 13517 | Herb of green shoot | MED: Infusion of herb as diuretic agent against kidney, bladder, inflammatory and kidney stone diseases. |
Ericaceae | ||||
Vaccinium myrtillus L. | Hapalaseni | 13563 | Fresh and dried berries | CUL: Juice, jam, liqueur. MED: Berries as a multivitamin, tea from berries for diarrhoea, eye diseases, and improving eyesight. |
Fabaceae | ||||
Glycyrrhiza glabra L. | Matutak | 13529 | Roots, rhizomes | CUL: Sweets. MED: Infusion of roots or powder in bread against colds and coughs, against stomach and intestine diseases. |
Lathyrus pratensis L. | Tchpruk | 13539 | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Salad, fried. |
Lathyrus tuberosus L. | Tchpruk | 13542 | Tuberous roots | CUL: Boiled. |
Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall. | Isharvuyt | 13448 | Herbs | CUL: Tea. MED: Infusion as a diuretic, against hypertension, diseases of the female reproductive system, fresh juice used for inflammatory diseases of ears and eyes. |
Trifolium pratense L. | Ereqnuk | 13491 | Herbs, flowers | CUL: Tea. MED: Infusion as a diuretic, against coughs and diseases of the female reproductive system and the stomach. |
Trifolium repens L. | Ereqnuk | 13499 | Flowers | CUL: Tea. |
Fagaceae | ||||
Castanea sativa Mill. | Shaganak | 13530 | Nuts, wood | CUL: Fresh, boiled and roasted nuts. Handicrafts. MED: Boiled fruits to strengthen, against lungs and bladder diseases. WOOD. |
Fagus orientalis Lipsky | Hatchareni | 13459 | Nuts, wood | CUL: Fresh and roasted nuts. Handicrafts, parquet, door, furniture. WOOD. |
Grossulariaceae | ||||
Ribes uva-crispa L. [syn. Grossularia reclinata (L.) Mill.] | Kokrosheni | 13548 | Fresh and dried fruits | CUL: Berries for juice, jam, lacto-fermented. MED: Berries as a multivitamin, berry tea against colds and as a diuretic agent. |
Ribes armenum Pojark. | Hagharjeni | Armenian Red List | Fresh and dried fruits, leaves | CUL: Berries for juice, jam, liqueur, lacto-fermented. Leaves as a tea. MED: Berries as a multivitamin, berry tea against colds, as a diuretic and an antipyretic agent. |
Ribes petraeum Wulfen [syn. Ribes biebersteinii Berland. ex DC.] | Hagharjeni | Fresh and dried fruits, leaves | CUL: Berries for juice, jam, liqueur, lacto-fermented. Leaves as a tea. MED: Berries as a multivitamin, tea of berries against colds, as a diuretic and antipyretic agent. | |
Ribes alpinum L. | Hagharjeni | Fresh and dried fruits, leaves | CUL: Berries for juice, jam, liqueur, lacto-fermented. Leaves as a tea. MED: Berries as a multivitamin, berry tea against colds, as a diuretic and antipyretic agent. | |
Hypericaceae | ||||
Hypericum perforatum L. | Srohund, arevqurik | 13511 | Dried herbs, oil | CUL: Tea. MED: Infusion against digestive disorders and stomach diseases. Oil against gastric ulcers and skin diseases and for use in cosmetology. |
Juglandaceae | ||||
Juglans regia L. | Y'nkuzeni | 13533 | Young, fresh walnut, dried walnuts kernels, dried walnuts partitions, oil, leaves, wood | CUL: Fresh walnuts for jam, dried walnut kernels as sweets, candy, ingredient of savoury dishes and source of edible oil. WOOD: For musical instruments (tar, qyamancha), handicrafts, parquet, door, furniture. REP: Leaves. MED: Tincture of fresh walnuts against hypothyroidism and digestive disorders. Dried walnut kernels with honey as a multivitamin for strengthening immunity, as a sexual potency enhancer and anthelmintic agent. Infusion of dried walnut partitions against headaches, sore throats, diarrhoea, and used as an anthelmintic agent. Oil as an ointment in cosmetology. DEC. |
Lamiaceae | ||||
Leonurus cardiaca L. | Aryutsagi | 13466 | Herbs | MED: Tincture and infusion for heart diseases. |
Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds. Daghd | Daghdz | 13494 | Fresh and dried leaves, herbs | CUL: Tea, drink, cocktails, as spice for soups, meat dishes, sweets and cheese. MED: Infusion against heartache, headache, digestive disorders and colds. |
Origanum vulgare L. | Khnkatsaghik, sevakhot | 13220 | Herbs | CUL: Tea, spice for meat dishes. MED: Infusion against digestive disorders, colds, coughs, and respiratory system diseases. Oil in cosmetology. |
Salvia hydrangea DC. ex Benth. | Eghespak | 13577 | Herbs | CUL: Tea. |
Salvia sclarea L. | Eghespak | 13488 | Herbs | CUL: Tea. MED: Infusion against teething pain, sore throat and gum disease. Oil in cosmetology. |
Salvia verticillata L. | Eghespak | 13217 | Herbs | CUL: Tea. MED: Infusion against teething pain, sore throat and gum disease. |
Stachys palustris L. | Abeghakhot | 13561 | Herbs | MED: Infusion or tincture for the treatment of the female reproductive system and irregular periods. |
Teucrium polium L. | Mariamakhot | 13252 | Herbs | MED: Infusion for the treatment of the female reproductive system and irregular periods, digestive disorders, stomach and intestines diseases, as eyewash agent. |
Thymus collinus M.Bieb. | Urts, khur | 13508 | Fresh and dried leaves, herbs | CUL: Tea, as a spice for soups, meat dishes and cheese. MED: Infusion against the digestive disorders, stomach, liver and intestines diseases, colds, respiratory system diseases, hypertension and heartache, as expectorant and antibacterial agent. Oil in cosmetology. |
Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. and Hohen. | Urts, khur | 13441 | Fresh and dried leaves, herbs | CUL: Tea, as spice for soups, meat dishes and cheese. MED: Infusion against the digestive disorders, stomach, liver and intestine diseases, colds, respiratory system diseases, hypertension and heartache, as expectorant and antibacterial agent. Oil in cosmetology. |
Thymus rariflorus K.Koch | Urts, khur | 13503 | Fresh and dried leaves, herbs | CUL: Tea, as spice for soups, meat dishes and cheese. MED: Infusion against digestive disorders, stomach, liver and intestine diseases, colds, respiratory system diseases, hypertension and heartache, as expectorant and antibacterial agent. Oil in cosmetology. |
T. transcaucasicus Ronniger | Urts, khur | 13545 | Fresh and dried leaves, herbs | CUL: Tea, as spice for soups, meat dishes and cheese. MED: Infusion against digestive disorders, stomach, liver and intestine diseases, colds, respiratory system diseases, hypertension and heartache, as expectorant and antibacterial agent. Oil in cosmetology. |
Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. | Urtsadaghdz, limoni urts | 13546 | Fresh and dried leaves, herbs | CUL: Tea, as spice for soups, meat dishes and cheese. MED: Infusion and tea mistaken for thyme. |
Ziziphora clinopodioides subsp. rigida (Boiss.) Rech.f. [syn. Z. rigida (Boiss.) Stapf] | Urtsadaghdz, limoni urts | 13544 | Fresh and dried leaves, herbs | CUL: Tea, as spice for soups, meat dishes and cheese. MED: Infusion and tea mistaken for thyme. |
Lythraceae | ||||
Punica granatum L. | Nur | 13580 | Fresh and dried flowers and fruits, dried bark of fruits | CUL: Juice, jam, sweets. Tea from dried flowers and fruits. MED: Infusion of dried bark of fruits against respiratory system diseases and diarrhoea. Dried fruits for handicrafts as a traditional decorative element. DEC. |
Malvaceae | ||||
Malva neglecta Wallr. | Phiphert | 13565 | Leaves | CUL: Soups, fried. MED: Infusion against stomach, intestine and kidney diseases, hypertension. |
Malva pusilla Sm. | Phiphert | 13492 | Leaves | CUL: Soups, fried. MED: Infusion against stomach, intestine and kidney diseases, hypertension. |
Malva sylvestris L. | Phiphert | 13570 | Leaves | CUL: Soups, fried. MED: Infusion against stomach, intestine and kidney diseases, hypertension. |
Moraceae | ||||
Ficus carica L. | Tzeni | 13534 | Fresh and dried fruits, latex | CUL: Jam, fresh and dried fruits. MED: Boiled with milk fruits against haemorrhoids. Latex as an anti-wart drug. Fresh and dried fruits for constipation. DEC. |
Morus alba L. | Tteni spitak | 13540 | Fresh and dried fruits, leaves, wood | CUL: Juice, jam, Syrup, sweets, vodka. WOOD: For vine barrels, musical instruments (saz). MED: Syrup against coughs. Infusion of leaves for diarrhoea, as hypoglycaemic agent. DEC. |
Morus nigra L. | Tteni sev | Fresh and dried fruits, leaves, wood | CUL: Juice, jam, Syrup, sweets, vodka. WOOD: For vine barrels, musical instruments (saz). MED: Syrup against coughs. Infusion of leaves as hypoglycaemic agent. More useful than white mulberry. DEC. | |
Orobanchaceae | ||||
Phelypaea tournefortii Desf. | Yot eghbor aryun, chibukh, lala | 13379 | Flowers | DEC: Decoration only. |
Papaveraceae | ||||
Chelidonium majus L. | Tsitsernakhot | 13472 | Herbs, latex | CUL: As a means of protecting plants from aphids. MED: Infusion for neoplasms and as an anti-inflammatory agent against diseases of the female reproductive system. Latex as an anti-wart drug. REP. |
Pinaceae | ||||
Pinus kochiana Klotzsch ex K.Koch | Sochi | 13522 | Green female cones, pollen, resin, wood | CUL: Jam and syrup from green female cones as sweets, also MED: Against coughs and diseases of the respiratory system. Powdered pollen against asthma. Resin as an antibacterial agent. WOOD: For handicrafts, doors, saunas. |
Plantaginaceae | ||||
Plantago major L. | Ezan lezu | 13516 | Fresh and dried leaves, seeds | CUL: Fried, filling for pies. MED: Infusion or fresh leaves against stomach and intestines diseases. Fresh leaves as a wound healing agent, for the treatment bites of insects. Mucilage of seeds for constipation. |
Plantago lanceolata L. | Ezan lezu | 13515 | Fresh leaves, seeds | CUL: Fried, filling for pies. MED: Mucilage of seeds for constipation. |
Polygonaceae | ||||
Rumex acetosa L. | Trtnjuk | 13568 | Fresh leaves | CUL: Soups, salads, fried, filling for pies. MED: Infusion against liver diseases, boiled herb for constipation. |
Rumex acetosella L. | Trtnjuk | 13573 | Fresh leaves | CUL: Soups, salads, fried, filling for pies. MED: Infusion against liver diseases, boiled herb for constipation. |
Rumex alpinus L. | Aveluk | 13571 | Fresh and dried leaves | CUL: Soups, salads, fried, filling for pies. MED: Infusion against stomach and liver diseases and from diarrhoea, boiled herb for constipation. As embrocation against skin diseases and compress against a sore throat. |
Rumex crispus L. | Aveluk | 13240 | Fresh and dried leaves | CUL: Soups, salads, fried, filling for pies. MED: Infusion against digestive disorders, stomach and liver diseases and from diarrhoea, cough, boiled herb for constipation. As embrocation against skin and female reproductive system diseases. As compress against a sore throat. |
Rumex tuberosus L. | Aveluk | 13168 | Fresh and dried leaves | CUL: Soups, salads, fried, filling for pies. MED: Infusion against digestive disorders, stomach, liver diseases and from diarrhoea, cough, boiled herb for constipation. As embrocation against skin and diseases of the female reproductive system. |
Portulaceae | ||||
Portulaca oleracea L. | Dandur | 13535 | Young leaves and stems | CUL: Salads, boiled, lacto-fermented. MED: Infusion against liver, stomach, kidney, and bladder diseases, as hypoglycaemic agent. |
Primulaceae | ||||
Primula veris subsp. macrocalyx (Bunge) Lüdi | Gnarbuk, jangyulum | 13187 | Flowers | DEC: Decorative plant is a part of a traditional spring game. MED: Infusion of flowers against respiratory system diseases and headache. DEC. |
Rhamnaceae | ||||
Ziziphus jujuba Mill. | Unab | 13480 | Fresh and dried fruits | CUL: Fresh and dried fruits. MED: As a multivitamin and diuretic agent. DEC. |
Rosaceae | ||||
Crataegus ambigua C.A.Mey. ex A.K.Becker [syn. Crataegus atrosanguinea Pojark.] | Szni, alotcheni | Fresh and dried fruits, dried flowers | CUL: Juice, jam, liqueur, tea. MED: Tincture and infusion for heart diseases, fruits as multivitamin. DEC. | |
Crataegus caucasica K.Koch | Szni, alotcheni | 13579 | Fresh and dried fruits, dried flowers | CUL: Juice, jam, liqueur, tea. MED: Tincture and infusion for heart diseases, fruits as multivitamin. DEC. |
Crataegus meyeri Pojark. | Szni, alotcheni | 13582 | Fresh and dried fruits, dried flowers | CUL: Juice, jam, liqueur, tea. MED: Tincture and infusion for heart diseases, fruits as multivitamin. DEC. |
Crataegus orientalis Pall. ex M.Bieb. | Szni, alotcheni | 13578 | Fresh and dried fruits, dried flowers | CUL: Juice, jam, liqueur, tea. MED: Tincture and infusion for heart diseases, fruits as multivitamin. Мost used. DEC. |
Crataegus pentagyna Waldst. and Kit. ex Willd. | Szni, alotcheni | 13150 | Fresh and dried fruits, dried flowers | CUL: Juice, jam, liqueur, tea. MED: Tincture and infusion for heart diseases, fruits as multivitamin. DEC. |
Crataegus rhipidophylla Gand. | Szni, alotcheni | 13581 | Fresh and dried fruits, dried flowers | CUL: Juice, jam, liqueur, tea. MED: Tincture and infusion for heart diseases, fruits as multivitamin. DEC. |
Fragaria vesca L. | Getnamori | 13537 | Fresh and dried fruits, herbs | CUL: Juice, jam, tea. MED: Infusion or tea of herb against kidney and bladder diseases, as a diuretic agent, fruits as a multivitamin. DEC. |
Malus orientalis Uglitzk. | Khndzoreni | Fresh and dried fruits | CUL: Juice, jam, lacto-fermented, sweets and candy, vinegar, liqueur. MED: Fruits as a multivitamin and as a source of iron against blood diseases. DEC. | |
Mespilus germanica L. | Zkereni | 13505 | Fresh fruits | CUL: Lacto-fermented and fresh fruits. MED: Puree of ripe fruits against digestive disorders, constipation and for rebuilding strength after prolonged illness, fruits as a multivitamin. DEC. |
Prunus armeniaca L. | Tsiraneni | 13541 | Fresh, frozen and dried fruits, flowers, seeds, wood | CUL: Fruits used to make soup, juice, jam, liqueur, paste, and sweets. Dried flowers and fruits for tea. WOOD: For musical instruments (duduk, tar, qyamancha, zurna) and handicrafts. MED: Fruits as a multivitamin, as a source of potassium against heartache and for constipation. DEC. |
Prunus divaricata Ledeb. | Saloreni, shloreni | Fresh, frozen and dried fruits, flowers, wood | CUL: Used to make juice, jam, liqueur, lacto-fermented, spice, paste, sweets and candy. WOOD: for musical instruments (saz). MED: Dried fruits against constipation, fruits as a multivitamin. DEC. | |
Prunus microcarpa C.A.Mey. | Baleni | Fresh and dried fruits | CUL: Juice, liqueur, sweets. Fruits as a multivitamin. | |
Prunus spinosa L. | Mamkheni | Fresh, frozen and dried fruits | CUL: Juice, jam, liqueur, lacto-fermented, spice, paste, sweets and candy. MED: Dried fruits against constipation, as a multivitamin, as a diuretic and expectorant agent. DEC. | |
Pyrus salicifolia Pall. | Tandzeni | 13536 | Fresh and dried fruits | CUL: Juice, jam, liqueur, lacto-fermented, paste, sweets and candy. MED: Fresh and dried fruits used for diarrhoea. DEC. |
Pyrus caucasica Fed. | Tandzeni | 13520 | Fresh and dried fruits | CUL: Juice, jam, liqueur, lacto-fermented, paste, sweets and candy. MED: Fresh and dried fruits from diarrhoea. DEC. |
Rosa canina L. | Masreni | 13538 | Fresh and dried fruits, petals, oil | CUL: Fresh, dried fruits and petals for juice, jam, liqueur, tea, petals as a spice for sweets and candy. MED: Oil in cosmetology. Infusion of fruits used against colds, stomach and intestine diseases, for strength after prolonged illness, and as a multivitamin and as a diuretic agent. DEC. |
Rosa corymbifera Borkh. | Masreni | 13547 | Fresh and dried fruits, petals, oil | CUL: Fresh, dried fruits and petals for juice, jam, liqueur, tea, petals as a spice for sweets and candy. MED: Oil used in cosmetology. Infusion of fruits against colds, stomach and intestine diseases, for strength after prolonged illness, as a multivitamin and as a diuretic agent. DEC. |
Rosa spinosissima L. | Masreni | 13584 | Fresh and dried fruits, petals, oil | CUL: Fresh, dried fruits and petals for juice, jam, liqueur, tea, petals as a spice for sweets and candy. MED: Oil in cosmetology. Infusion of fruits against colds, stomach and intestine diseases, for strength after prolonged illness, as a multivitamin and as a diuretic agent. DEC. |
Rubus anatolicus Focke | Mosheni | Fresh, frozen and dried fruits, leaves | CUL: Fruits for juice, jam, compote, liqueur, sweets, fruits and leaves used as a tea. MED: As a multivitamin, a diuretic agent against colds. | |
Rubus caesius L. | Mosheni | 13583 | Fresh, frozen and dried fruits, leaves | CUL: Fruits for juice, jam, compote, liqueur, sweets, fruits and leaves used as a tea. MED: As a multivitamin, a diuretic agent against colds. |
Rubus idaeus L. | Moreni | 13585 | Fresh, frozen and dried fruits, leaves | CUL: Fruits for juice, jam, compote, liqueur, sweets, fruits and leaves used as a tea. MED: As a multivitamin, a diuretic agent against colds. |
Sorbus aucuparia L. | Aroseni | 13486 | Fresh, frozen and dried fruits | CUL: Fruits for compote, liqueur, tea. MED: As a multivitamin, a diuretic and a choleretic agent, infusion for heart muscle treatment. DEC. |
Rubiaceae | ||||
Rubia tinctorum L. | Toron | 13518 | Roots, fruits | DEC: Dye for Easter eggs and threads. MED: Infusion of roots used as a diuretic agent against kidney and bladder diseases. |
Salicaceae | ||||
Salix spp. | Ureni | Branches | WOOD: Withes for baskets, wreaths. Spring garlands on Palm Sunday. DEC. | |
Tiliaceae | ||||
Tilia cordata Mill. | Loreni | 13519 | Inflorescence, wood | CUL: Tea. WOOD: Handicrafts. MED: Infusion or tea from inflorescence against colds, cough and respiratory system diseases. DEC. |
Urticaceae | ||||
Urtica dioica L. | Eghinj | 13521 | Young leaves | CUL: Soups, fried, salads, as a filling for pies. MED: Infusion as a multivitamin, a diuretic agent, for the prevention of bleeding of the uterus, herbs boiled against constipation and haemorrhoids. |
Vitaceae | ||||
Vitis vinifera L. [syn. Vitis sylvestris C.C.Gmel.] | Khaghogh | Young leaves, fresh and dried fruits | CUL: Young leaves for dolma (stuffed leaves with meat), fruits in the form of compote, jam, sweets, candy, wine, syrup, vinegar, raisins. DEC. | |