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Table 2 Cultural uses of herptiles and fishes in the study area

From: The use of fish and herptiles in traditional folk therapies in three districts of Chenab riverine area in Punjab, Pakistan

Sr. #

Scientific, common, and local name

FC

RFC

CU

STS

MD

NR

CC

TL

ET

FD

HF

MG

EX

OR

SPR

1

Bufotes latastii (Boulenger, 1882), Ladakh Toad, Chitkbra daddo

7

0.401

2

LC

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

2

Duttaphrynus stomaticus (Lütken, 1864),, Indus Valley toad, Ghariallo daddo

30

1.720

3

LC

√

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

3

Microhyla ornata (Dumerila and Bibron, 1841), Ant Frog, Bona daddo

7

0.401

2

LC

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

4

Fejervarya limnocharis (Gravenhorst, 1829), Asian Grass Frog, Pidda daddo

5

0.287

2

LC

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

5

Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (Daudin, 1802), Indian Bullfrog, Wada daddo

40

2.294

4

LC

√

√

√

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

6

Sphaerotheca breviceps (Schneider, 1799), Indian burrowing frog, Chota dahri daddo

5

0.287

4

LC

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

7

Aspideretes gangeticus Ernst and Barbour, 1989, Indian soft shell, Plaither

8

0.459

5

VU

√

√

√

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

8

Aspideretes hurum Ernst and Barbour, 1989, Peacock soft shell, Kachhokuma

8

0.459

5

VU

√

√

√

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

9

Lissemys punctata andersoni Webb, 1980, Indian Flap-shelled Turtle, Hara kachopra

7

0.401

5

LC

√

√

√

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

10

Calotes minor (Hardwicke and gray, 1827), Hardwicke's Short Tail Agama, Choti dum kirli

5

0.287

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

11

Calotes versicolor (Daudin, 1802), Oriental garden lizard, Girgit

12

0.688

3

NE

√

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

12

Laudakia agrorensis (Stoliczka, 1872), Agror agama, Goh

20

1.147

4

NE

√

X

X

√

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

13

Laudakia melanura melanura (Blyth, 1854), Black agama, Kali kirli

2

0.115

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

14

Trapelus agilis pakistanensis Rastegar-Pouyani, 1999, Brilliant ground agama, Korh kirla

5

0.287

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

15

Eublepharis macularius (Blyth, 1854), Common leopard gecko, Korh kirli

6

0.344

4

NE

√

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

16

Cyrtopodion montiumsalsorum (Annandale, 1913), Salt range ground gecko, Sahrai kirli

4

0.229

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

17

Cyrtopodion Scabrum (Heydenn 1827), Common tuberculated ground gecko, Toor kirli

2

0.115

2

LC

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

18

Hemidactylus flaviviridis Rüppell, 1835, Yellow belly common house gecko, Gharailo kirli

44

2.523

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

19

Hemidactylus persicus Anderson, 1872, Persian house gecko, Irani kirli

3

0.172

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

20

Acanthodactylus cantoris Gunther, 1864, Blue tailed sand lizard, Neeli poosh kirli

 

0.000

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

21

Ophisops jerdonii Blyth, 1853, Punjab snake-eyed lacerta, Safaid dahari kirli

4

0.229

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

22

Ablepharus grayanus (Stoliczka, 1872), Earless snake eyed skink, Bahri kirli

1

0.057

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

23

Ablepharus pannonicus (Fitzinger, 1824), Red tail snake eyed skink, Surakh posh kirli

3

0.172

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

24

Eutropis macularia (Blyth, 1853), Bronz grass skink, Bori kaa kirli

2

0.115

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

25

Eurylepis taeniolatus taeniolatus Blyth, 1854, Alpine Punjab skink, Maidani kirli

3

0.172

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

26

Ophiomorus tridactylus(Blyth, 1853), Three toed snake skink, Tray ungl kirli

2

0.115

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

27

Scincella himalayana (Günther, 1864), Himalayan skink, Pahari kirli

2

0.115

2

NE

X

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

28

Uromastyx hardwickii Smith,1935, Indus spiny-tail lizard, Sanda

24

1.376

3

NE

√

X

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

29

Varanus bengalensis (Daudin, 1802), Bengal Monitor, Bengali goh, Goh

20

1.147

4

LC

√

X

X

√

X

X

√

X

X

X

√

30

Leptotyphlops macrorhynchus Hahn, 1978, long-nosed worm snake, Dhaga sap

5

0.287

2

LC

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

31

Ramphotyphlops braminus Daudin, 1803, Barhminy blind snake, Dhaga sap

3

0.172

2

NE

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

32

Python molurus (Linnaeus, 1758), Rock pathon, Azdha sap

5

0.287

4

VU

√

√

X

X

√

X

√

X

X

X

X

33

Amphiesma stolatum (Linnaeus, 1758), Buff Striped Keelback, Lakeer dhari sap

5

0.287

3

NE

X

√

X

X

√

X

√

X

X

X

X

34

Boiga trigonata (Schneider, 1802), Common cat snake, Billi sap

5

0.287

2

LC

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

35

Lytorhynchus paradoxus (Gunther, 1875), Sind longnose sand snake, Ollu sap

6

0.344

2

NE

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

36

Oligodon arnensis arnensis (Shaw, 1802), Banded kukri snake, Kukri Sap

6

0.344

2

NE

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

37

Oligodon taeniolatus taeniolatus (Jerdon, 1853), Streaked kukri snake, Kukri sap

4

0.229

2

LC

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

38

Platyceps rhodorachis rhodorachis (Jan, 1865), Cliff racer, Pheesi sap

5

0.287

2

NE

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

39

Eryx johnii(Russell, 1801), Common Sand boa, Do moi

22

1.261

3

NE

√

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

40

Psammophis leithii leithii Günther, 1869, Steppe ribbon snake, Teer maar sap

8

0.459

2

NE

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

41

Psammophis schokari schokari (Forskal, 1775), Schokari sand racer snake, Saharai sap

5

0.287

2

NE

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

42

Ptyas mucosus mucosus (Linnaeus, 1758), Indian rat snake, Chohay-maar sap

25

1.433

4

NE

√

√

X

X

√

X

√

X

X

X

X

43

Xenochrophis piscator piscator (Schneider, 1799), Chekered keelback, Chitra sap

8

0.459

2

NE

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

44

Bungarus caeruleus caeruleus (Schneider, 1801), Common krait, Sangchor sap

12

0.688

2

NE

X

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

45

Naja naja naja (Linnaeus, 1768), Indian cobra, Kala naag

17

0.975

5

LC

√

√

X

X

√

X

√

√

X

X

X

46

Daboia russelii russelii (Shaw and Nodder, 1797), Russell's chain viper, Dabian wala sap

8

0.459

3

NE

√

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

 

47

Echis carinatus sochureki Stemmler, 1964, Sind Valley saw snake viper, Pathar Sap

7

0.401

3

NE

√

√

X

X

X

X

√

X

X

X

X

48

Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes, 1844), Grass carp, Grass carp

51

2.924

6

NE

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

49

Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758), Common carp, Gulfam

62

3.555

6

VU

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

50

Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes, 1844), Silver carp, Silver carp

60

3.440

6

NT

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

51

Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822), Mrigal carp, Mori

50

2.867

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

52

Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton, 1822), Reba carp, Reba Machhali

67

3.842

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

53

Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822), Rohu, Raho

90

5.161

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

54

Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822), Orangefin labeo, Kalbans

55

3.154

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

55

Labeo dero (Hamilton, 1822), Dero, Dero machhali

57

3.268

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

56

Gibelion catla (Hamilton, 1822), Catla, Thaila

56

3.211

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

57

Channa punctata(Bloch, 1793), Spotted snakehead, Dola

58

3.326

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

58

Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822), Great snakehead, Soul

58

3.326

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

59

Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758), Nile tilapia, Tilapia/Chira machhli

53

3.039

6

NE

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

60

Rita rita (Hamilton, 1822), Rita, Khaga

47

2.695

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

61

Bagarius bagarius (Hamilton, 1822), Goonch, Foji Khaga

66

3.784

6

NT

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

62

Mystus cavasius (Hamilton, 1822), Gangetic mystus, Tangra machhali

10

0.573

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

63

Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède, 1800), Zig-zag eel, Baam machhali

65

3.727

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

64

Sperata seenghala (Sykes, 1839), Giant river-catfish, Sangari

62

3.555

5

NE

X

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

65

Wallago attu (Bloch & Schneider, 1801), wallago catfish, Mali

68

3.899

6

NT

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

66

Eutropiichthys vacha (Hamilton, 1822), Batchwa vacha, Jhali

56

3.211

5

LC

X

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

67

Tor macrolepis Heckel, 1838, Masheer, Masheer

40

2.294

5

NE

X

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

68

Clupisoma garua (Hamilton, 1822), Garua bachcha, Bachhwa

9

0.516

5

LC

X

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

69

Notopterus notopterus (Pallas, 1769), Bronze featherback, But Pari

25

1.433

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

√

X

70

Barilius modestusDay, 1872, Indus baril, Lahori Chalwa

8

0.459

5

NE

X

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

71

Puntius sophore (Hamilton, 1822), Spotfin swamp barb, Sophore popra

7

0.401

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

72

Pethia ticto (Hamilton, 1822), Ticto barb, Ticto popra

5

0.287

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

73

Parambassis ranga (Hamilton, 1822), Indian glassy fish, Ranga sheesha

8

0.459

5

LC

X

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

√

X

74

Sisor rabdophorus Hamilton, 1822, Sisor catfish, Kirla machhali

7

0.401

5

LC

X

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

75

Xenentodon cancila (Hamilton, 1822), Freshwater needlefish, Kaan Machhali

5

0.287

5

LC

X

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

76

Garra gotyla (Gray, 1830), Gotyla, Pather Chat

7

0.401

5

LC

X

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

77

Osteobrama cotio (Hamilton, 1822), Cotio, Pali roo machhali

5

0.287

5

LC

X

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

78

Salmostoma bacaila (Hamilton, 1822), Large razorbelly minnow, Choti chal machhali

6

0.344

5

LC

X

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

79

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch, 1794), Stinging catfish, Sangehi machhali

5

0.287

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

80

Gagata cenia (Hamilton, 1822), Indian gagata, Gagata cenia

8

0.459

6

LC

√

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

81

Macrognathus pancalus Hamilton, 1822, Barred spiny eel, Garoj

7

0.401

5

LC

X

√

√

√

√

√

X

X

X

X

X

  1. MD medicinal, NR narrative, CC commercial, TL tools, ET entertainment, FD food, HF harmful, OR ornamental, SPR superstitious, STS status