Table 1 Localization of the surveyed apiaries (GPS points were recorded during the fieldwork)

Site 1

Ndoswa

2480 m

S 0° 21′ 48.45524′′

E 35° 51′ 56.53972′′

Modern hives (KTBH and Langstroth)

Traditional log hives

Site 2

Ndoswa

2520 m

S 0° 21′ 48.97373′′

E 35° 51′ 28.47342′′

Modern hives (KTBH and Langstroth)

Traditional log hives

Site 3

Ndoswa

2553 m

S 0° 21′ 32.27474′′

E 35° 51′ 20.26846′′

Modern hives (KTBH and Langstroth)

Traditional log hives

Site 4

Mariashoni

2649 m

S 0° 22′ 10.86279′′

E 35° 49′ 29.78768′′

Modern hives (KTBH and Langstroth)

Traditional log hives

Site 5

Songwi

2835 m

S 0° 27′ 40.64338′′

E 35° 45′ 27.44520′′

Traditional log hives

Site 6

Kiptunga

2924 m

S 0° 27′ 18.66697′′

E 35° 47′ 51.39118′′

Modern hives (Langstroth)

Site 7

Kiptunga

2927 m

S 0° 27′ 25.90239′′

E 35° 47′ 29.69104′′

Traditional log hives

Site 8

Songwi

2938 m

S 0° 25′ 25.26289′′

E 35° 48′ 40.30319′′

Traditional log hives