Table 3 Comparison of indigenous plant use and pharmacological properties of reported medicinal plants
Scientific name | Reported phytochemical/pharmacological properties | Indigenous use [38] | Local use agreed with known properties |
|---|---|---|---|
Alocasia longiloba Miq. | Livestock wounds [37] | Anti-infective and treating burns | Yes |
Altingia excelsa Noronha | Antipyretic, aphrodisiac and carminative, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and anticatarrh [39] | Refreshing | Partial |
Artemisia vestita Wall. ex Besser | Clearing deficient heat, invigorating stomach, promoting diuresis, inducing the expulsion of gas from the stomach or intestines [40] | Stomach pain | Yes |
Begonia acetosella Craib | Invigorate the circulation of blood [37] | Leeches bite | Yes |
Bidens pilosa L. | Anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, liver-protective, blood-pressure lowering, and hypoglycemic effects [41] | Cold, sore throat, and stuffy nose | Yes |
Brassaiopsis hainla (Buch.-Ham.) Seem. | No relevant report found | Arthritis | |
Cinnamomum contractum H. W. Li | No relevant report found | Stomach pain | |
Citrus medica L. | Antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic [42] | Cold | Yes |
Coix lacryma-jobi L. | Inhibit obesity and reduce blood lipids [43] | High blood pressure | Partial |
Craibiodendron henryi W. W. Sm. | Antioxidant activities and vasodilator effects [44] | Rice blast | |
Curcuma aromatica Salisb. | Antioxident, relieving pain and anti-inflammation, contributing flavor, and preventing cancer [45] | Heat stroke, irregular menstruation, and alcoholism | Partial |
Datura stramonium L. | Ulcers, wounds, anti-inflammation, rheumatism, bruises, fever and toothache [46] | Toothache | Yes |
Debregeasia longifolia (Burm.f.) Wedd. | Preventing miscarriage, and bruises | No | |
Dendrobium catenatum Lindl. | Enhancing immunity, resisting tumor, nourishing yin and clearing heat, benefiting stomach and promoting body fluid [49] | Cold | Yes |
Dichroa febrifuga Lour. | Anti-malarial activity [50] | Mosquito repellent | Partial |
Duchesnea indica (Jacks.) Focke | Anti-inflammatory, clearing heat, detumescence, and detoxification [51, 52] | Detoxification and bruises | Yes |
Elaeocarpus braceanus Watt ex C. B. Clarke | Anxiety, depression, nerve pain, epilepsy, and migraine [53] | Diarrhea | No |
Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. | high blood pressure and diabetes [54] | Rheumatism | No |
Fraxinus floribunda Wall. | No relevant report found | Sprain and sunburn | |
Hovenia acerba Lindl. | Alcoholism and vomiting [55] | Alcoholism | Yes |
Impatiens arguta Hook.f. & Thomson | Amenorrhea, abdominal pain, and hemostasis [37] | Stop bleeding | Yes |
Isodon lophanthoides (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Hara | Enteritis, jaundice, hepatitis, laryngopharyngitis, lepromatous leprosy, and ascariasis [38] | Intestinal worms | Yes |
Leycesteria formosa Wall. | Traumatic bleeding and fracture [37] | Stop bleeding | Yes |
Millettia pachycarpa Benth. | Anthelminthic, a medication capable of causing the evacuation of parasitic intestinal worms [56] | Killing insects | Yes |
Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Willd. | Diuretic, laxative, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties [57] | Cholecystitis | Partial |
Morus wittiorum Hand.-Mazz. | Antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity [58] | Leprosy | Partial |
Mosla dianthera (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Maxim. | Allergic disease is involved in many diseases such as asthma, sinusitis, and rheumatoid arthritis [59] | Allergies | Yes |
Nicotiana tabacum L. | Antitumor, detoxification and anti-inflammatory [60] | Sinusitis | Partial |
Oxalis corniculata L. | Giddiness, cough, cold, fever, diarrhea, dysentery, antihelmintic [61] | Morning sickness | No |
Paris polyphylla ssp. | Anticancer, snake bite, parotitis, mastitis, chronic bronchitis, injuries from fractures, as well as to stop bleeding [62] | Diabetes | No |
Persicaria capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross | Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, analgesic, and diuretic [63] | Burns | Yes |
Piper semiimmersum C. DC. | Platelet aggregation induced by thrombin (IIa) or PAF in rabbit [64] | Altitude sickness and irregular menstruation | No |
Piper sylvaticum Roxb. | Anthelmintic, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities and treatment of bronchitis [65] | Anti-inflammatory | Yes |
Ricinus communis L. | A Laxative, an anti-infective, or an anti-inflammatory drug [66] | Bruises | Partial |
Sambucus williamsii Hance | Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, fracture healing [67] | Bruises | Yes |
Sauromatum venosum (Dryand. ex Aiton) Kunth | Mitogenic and anti-proliferative activity [68] | Suppuration | No |
Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq. | Constipation, back pain, snakebites, toothache, headache, skin infections, cough [69] | Psoriasis | Partial |
Stephania abyssinica (Quart.-Dill. & A.Rich.) Walp. | Treat various stomach disorders, laxative, antidote, regulator of menstrual cycle [70] | Rheumatism and snake bite | Partial |
Swertia angustifolia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don | Febrifuge and epilepsy [71] | Anti-malaria | Yes |
Swertia nervosa (Wall. ex G. Don) C. B. Clarke | Clearing away heat and toxic material, invigorating blood circulation and regulating menstruation [72] | Diarrhea | Yes |
Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. | Relieve pain and stasis as well as for haemostatic, treat malaria, fever and to cure rheumatism [73, 74] | Epilepsy | No |
Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil. | Treatment of hypertension, headache, and stroke [75] | High blood pressure | Yes |
Uncaria scandens (Sm.) Hutch. | Treatment of nosotoxicosis, headache, dizziness, high fever in children, seizures, convulsions [76] | Epilepsy | Yes |
Viburnum cylindricum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don | Cough, diarrhea, rheumatoid arthritis, and tumefaction [77] | Anti-inflammatory, scar and repelling flea | Partial |
Zanthoxylum motuoense C. C. Huang | No relevant report found | Bad skin odor |