From: Entomotherapy: a study of medicinal insects of seven ethnic groups in Nagaland, North-East India
S.No | Scientific name | Family | Local name (TU) | Habitat | Parts used | Diseases (use mentions) | Therapeutic knowledge | FL% (category) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Order: Odonata | |||||||
1 | Crocothemis servilia servilia Drury1773 | Libellulidae | Khapfü/ Sothinogo (AN, C) Note: adults possess different names | Aquatic | Nymph | Body ache (39); cold (30); vision (25); operational wound healing (12) | 1. Boiled nymphs are eaten 2. Decoction of boiled nymphs are orally administered | 60.9 (7); 46.8 (3); 39.1(8); 18.7 (2) |
2 | Diplacodes trivialis Rambur 1842 | |||||||
3 | Neurothemis fulvia Drury 1773 | |||||||
4 | Orthetrum pruinosum neglectum (Burmeister 1839) | |||||||
Conjunctivitis (33) | Fumes of boiled nymphs are allowed to get in the eyes (twice daily) | 51.5 (8) | ||||||
5 | Orthetrum sabina sabina Drury 1770 | |||||||
6 | Orthetrum triangulare (Selys 1878) | |||||||
7 | Pantala flavescens Fabr. 1798 | |||||||
8 | Potamarcha congener Rambur 1842 | |||||||
 | Order: Orthoptera | |||||||
9 | Melanoplus sp. | Acrididae | Phvütyara (L) | Paddy fields | Adult | Indigestion (25) | Boiled or roasted grasshoppers are eaten for quick recovery | 51.0 (1) |
Diabetes (23) | Roasted grasshoppers are eaten to control blood sugar level | 46.9 (12) | ||||||
10 | Tarbinskiellus portentosus (Lichtenstein 1796) | Gryllidae | Shungrü (L, C) | Burrowing | Adult | Headache (14); indigestion (27); loose motion (25); malaria (7) | Boiled or roasted crickets are eaten for quick recovery | 21.5 (6); 41.5 (1); 38.4 (1); 10.8 (6) |
11 | Gryllus spp. | Gryllidae | Panto (L) | Wild | Adult | Dysentery (32) | Boiled or roasted crickets are eaten for quick recovery | 50 (1) |
12 | Pseudophyllus titan White 1846 | Tettigonidae | Satuqhu (S) | Wild | Adult | Fever (6) | Roasted katydids are orally administered to young children | 31.6 (6) |
13 | Elimaea securigera Brunner von Wattenwyl 1878 | Tettigonidae | Kozüvire (A, AN, C, K, L, S) | Paddy fields | Adult | Nutrient supplement (115) | Cooked katydids are eaten to strengthen the body | 58.7 (15) |
 | Order: Mantodea | |||||||
14 | Tenodera sinensis Saussure 1871 | Mantidae | Shopile (L, S) | Wild | Adult | Warts (19) | An adult mantis is allowed to masticate on warts | 52.8 (2) |
15 | Hierodula coarctata Saussure 1869 | Mantidae | Hinube (AN) | Wild | Adult | Enuresis (8) | Roasted mantises are orally administered to young children | 42.1 (9) |
 | Order: Blattodea | |||||||
16 | Epilampra sp.? | Blaberidae | A | Aquatic | Nymph,adult | Appetizer (6), bloating (6) | Raw or roasted cockroaches are eaten | 20.0 (15); 20.0 (1) |
17 | Macrotermes sp. | Termitidae | Holum (A, K, L, S) | Burrowing | Adult | Nutrient supplement (118) | Fried termites are eaten | 62.4 (15) |
 | Order: Phasmatodea | |||||||
18 | Carausius sp. | Lonchodidae | Hanga (S) | Wild | Adult | Calluses, warts (5) | Paste of stick insect is externally applied for quick removal | 15.2 (2) |
Prickling spines (5) | Adult stick insect is rubbed for removal | 15.2 (2) | ||||||
 | Order: Hemiptera | |||||||
19 | Darthula hardwickii (Gray 1832) | Aetalionidae | Muzwü (C) | Wild | Nymph | Body ache (10); jaundice (6) | Boiled nymphs are eaten | 31.3 (7); 18.8 (6) |
20 | Lethocerus indicus (Lepeletier & Serville 1825) | Belostomatidae | Khozhü/ Khutsia (AN, C) | Aquatic | Adult | Blood purifier (12); gastritis (13) | Decoction of boiled nymphs is orally administered daily for two to three days | 11.9 (11); 12.9 (1) |
Dry coughs (48); diarrhoea (20); wound healing (13) | Soup of boiled bugs is orally administered for quick healing | 47.5 (3); 19.8 (1); 26.7 (1) | ||||||
Rheumatoid arthritis (11) | Soup of boiled bugs is orally administered once daily | 10.9 (7) | ||||||
Stomach ache (27) | 1. Soup of boiled bugs is orally administered 2. Fumes of boiled bugs are inhaled for quick recovery | 12.9 (2) | ||||||
21 | Notobitus meleagris Fabr. 1787 | Coreidae | Azüpaza (S) | Wild | Adult | Stomach ache (25) | Roasted stink bugs are eaten for quick healing | 46.3 (1) |
22 | Aspongopus nepalensis Westwood 1837 | Dinidoridae | Tsseni (L) | Wild | Adult | Jaundice (11) | Boiled stink bugs are eaten twice daily for a week | 34.4 (6) |
23 | Coridius singhalanus Dist. 1900 | Dinidoridae | Longgea (C, L, S) | Wild | Adult | To induce lactation (6); jaundice (33); malaria (8) | Cooked stink bugs are eaten daily for a week | 7.6 (4); 41.8 (6); 10.1 (6) |
24 | Laccotrephes ruber L. 1764 | Nepidae | Segokikha (AN, C) | Aquatic | Adult | Blood purifier (12) | Decoction of boiled nymphs is orally administered daily for two to three days | 21.4 (11) |
Gastritis (13) | Decoction of boiled nymphs is orally administered daily for a month | 23.2 (1) | ||||||
Diarrhoea (18); stomach ache (9); wound healing (20) | Soup of boiled bugs is orally administered for quick healing | 32.1 (1); 16.1 (1); 35.7 (2) | ||||||
Rheumatoid arthritis (11) | Soup of boiled bugs is orally administered once daily | 19.6 (7) | ||||||
25 | Udonga montana Distant 1900 | Pentatomidae | Shothapü (C) | Wild | Adult | Analgaesic (28); operational wound healing (20) | Boiled stink bugs are eaten for quick healing | 87.5 (5); 35.7 (2) |
Coughs (22) | Roasted stink bugs are eaten for quick recovery | 68.8 (3) | ||||||
Diabetes (10) | Roasted stink bugs are eaten to control blood sugar level | 31.3 (12) | ||||||
 | Order: Neuroptera | |||||||
26 | Myrmeleon spp. | Myrmeleontidae | Kudushürhu (AN, C) | Sandy | Larva | Boils (5); warts (24) | Paste of antlion is externally applied to cure boils and warts | 11.9 (2); 57.1 (2) |
 | Order: Coleoptera | |||||||
27 | Cybister limbatus (Fabr. 1775) | Dytiscidae | Dzübolo (AN) | Aquatic | Adult | Diarrhoea (30) | Boiled diving beetles are eaten for quick recovery | 46.9 (1) |
28 | Cybister tripunctatus lateralis (Fabr. 1775) | |||||||
29 | Hydrophilus caschmirensis Redtenbacher 1846 | Hydrophilidae | Khujü (AN, C) | Aquatic | Adult | Operational wound healing (20) | Cooked water beetles are eaten for quick healing | 20.0 (2) |
30 | Mylabris sp. | Meloidae | Chupnanutsü (A, AN, S) | Wild | Adult | Blisters (8); warts (33) | Blister beetle extract is externally applied | 28.6 (2); 100 (2) |
31 | Batocera rubus L.1775 | Cerambycidae | Loyie (ALL) | Trees | Larva | Analgaesic (79); diarrhoea (16) | Decoction of boiled larvae are orally administered | 44.9 (5); 9.1 (1) |
32 | Batocera parryi Hope 1845 | Aphrodisiac (10); malaria (12); joint pain (20); stomach ache (17); typhoid (8) | Soup of boiled larvae are orally administered | 5.7 (4); 6.8 (6 ); 11.4 (7); 9.7 (1); 4.5 (6) | ||||
33 | Batocera rufomaculata De Geer 1775 | |||||||
34 | Orthosoma brunneum (Forster 1771) | Cerambycidae | Lewo (ALL) | Trees | Larva | Analgaesic (79); diarrhoea (16) | Decoction of boiled larvae are orally administered | 27.4 (5); 5.6 (1) |
Aphrodisiac (10); malaria (6); stomach ache (17); typhoid (8) | Soup of boiled larvae are orally administered | 3.5 (4); 4.2 (6); 5.9 (1); 2.8 (6) | ||||||
Asthma (10); coughs (10) | Roasted larvae are orally administered | 3.5 (3); 3.5 (3) | ||||||
 | Order: Hymenoptera | |||||||
35 | Apis cerana indica (Fabr.1798) | Apidae | Tukhrü (ALL) | Wild | Honey | Blood pressure (14); cholera (14); cold (110); common illness (163); cough (131); diarrhoea (75); hangover (8); sinusitis (11); vertigo (213) | One table spoonful of honey is mixed in a cup of warm water and orally administered for quick recovery | 3.8 (11); 3.8 (6); 29.7 (3); 44.1 (15); 35.4 (3); 25.3 (1); 2.2 (15); 3.0 (3); 57.6 (15) |
Honey | Mouth ulcers (57) | Raw honey is applied on affected parts | 15.4 (2) | |||||
Honey | Asthma (14); cancer (4); gastritis (23) | One table spoonful of honey is mixed in a cup of warm water and orally administered once daily | 3.8 (3); 1.1 (13); 6.2 (1) | |||||
Larva, pupa | Nutrient supplement (105) | Boiled/cooked larvae and pupae are eaten | 28.4 (15) | |||||
Honey/bee comb | Bone fractures (19); body ache (7); facial (12); wound healing (117) | 1. Raw honey is externally applied 2. Poultice of bee comb is externally applied | 5.1 (7); 1.9 (7); 3.2 (2); 31.6 (2) | |||||
Honey | Conjunctivitis (22) | One or two drops of honey is applied on the eyes twice daily | 5.9 (8) | |||||
Adult | Headache (8); joint pain (7) | Bee sting on target points on the body | 2.2 (6); 1.9 (5) | |||||
Honey/bee comb | Pneumonia (18) | 1. Honey is mixed with turmeric powder and externally applied on the chest (as per requirement) 2. Poultice of bee comb is externally applied on the chest | 4.9 (3) | |||||
Honey/bee comb/wax | Stomach ache (75) | 1.One table spoonful of honey is mixed in a cup of warm water is orally administered 2. Poultice of bee comb/wax is orally administered | 20.3 (1) | |||||
36 | Apis dorsata dorsata (Fabr. 1793) | Apidae | Khwize (AN, C, L, S) | Wild | Honey/bee comb | Appetizer (12); cold (70); coughs (91); diarrhoea (78); vertigo (91) | 1. One table spoonful of honey is mixed in a cup of warm water and orally administered 2. A small piece of bee comb is eaten or dissolved in a cup of warm water and orally administered | 5.7 (15); 33.3 (3); 43.3 (3); 37.1 (1); 43.3 (15) |
Honey | Common illness (35) | One table spoonful of honey is mixed in a cup of warm water and orally administered for quick recovery | 16.7 (15) | |||||
Adult | Oedema (6) | 1. Soup of boiled adult is orally administered 2. Paste of boiled adults are externally applied on affected body parts | 2.9 (15) | |||||
Larva, pupa | Heart disease (12); nutrient supplement (70) | Cooked larvae and pupae are orally administered | 5.7 (11); 33.3 (15) | |||||
37 | Apis laboriosa Smith 1871 | Apidae | Liuniutso (C, L) | Wild | Honey/bee comb | Appetizer (12); cold (56); coughs (91); diarrhoea (38); vertigo (56) | 1. One table spoonful of honey is mixed in a cup of warm water and orally administered 2. A small piece of bee comb is eaten or dissolved in a cup of warm water and orally administered | 10.9 (15); 50.9 (3) 82.7 (3); 34.5 (1); 50.9 (15) |
larva, pupa | Nutrient supplement (61) | Cooked larvae and pupae are orally administered | 55.5 (15) | |||||
38 | Apis florea Fabr. 1787 | Apidae | Rhontso (C, L) | Wild | Honey/bee comb | Appetizer (12); cold (56); coughs (91); diarrhoea (38); vertigo (56) | 1. One table spoonful of honey is mixed in a cup of warm water and orally administered 2. A small piece of bee comb is eaten or dissolved in a cup of warm water and orally administered | 10.9 (15); 50.9 (3); 82.7 (3); 34.5 (1); 50.9 (15) |
Larva, pupa | Nutrient supplement (61) | Cooked larvae and pupae are orally administered | 55.5 (15) | |||||
39 | Lepidotrigona arcifera Cockerell 1929 | Apidae | Ruyo (ALL) | Wild | Honey | Analgaesic (32); appetizer (12); blood pressure (34); cancer (12); chest pain (18); coughs (75); gastritis (37); common illnesses (90); heart disease (12); vertigo (69) | One table spoonful of honey is mixed in a cup of warm water and orally administered | 8.6 (5); 3.2 (15); 9.2 (11); 3.2 (13); 4.9 (3); 20.3 (3); 10(1); 24.3 (1); 3.2 (11); 18.6 (15) |
40 | Lophotrigona canifrons (Smith 1857) | |||||||
Honey/nest entrance | Diarrhoea (109) | 1. One table spoonful of honey is mixed in a cup of warm water and orally administered 2. A small piece of nest entrance is dissolved in a cup of warm waterand orally administered | 29.5 (1) | |||||
Honey/nest entrance | Bone fracture (42); body ache (11); dog bite (16); oedema (11); joint pain (17); mouth ulcers (34); pneumonia (12); skin burns (59); snake bite (72); wound healing (177); tooth aches (11) | 1. Honey is externally applied on affected body parts 2. Paste or poultice of nest entrance is externally applied | 11.4 (7); 3.0 (7); 4.6 (7); 4.3 (2); 3.0 (15); 9.2 (2); 3.2 (3);15.9 (2); 19.5 (10); 47.8 (2); 3.0 (15) | |||||
Honey | Conjunctivitis (33) | One or two drops of honey is applied on the eyes twice daily | 8.9 (8) | |||||
Honey/nest entrance | Easy labour (61) | 1. One table spoonful of honey is mixed in a cup of warm water and orally administered 2. Small piece of nest entrance is dissolved in a cup of warm water and orally administered 3. Paste or poultice of nest entrance is externally applied on the belly | 16.5 (4) | |||||
Nest entrance | Ritual (10) | A piece of nest entrance is carried along to ward off evil spirits | 2.7 (14) | |||||
41 | Oecophylla smaragdina Fabr. 1775 | Formicidae | Tssonthen (A, L, K, S) | Trees | All | Analgaesic (8); coughs (13) | 1.Cooked ants are orally administered 2. Decoction of boiled ants are orally administered for quick recovery | 3.9 (5); 6.3 (3) |
Adult | Malaria (21); typhoid (17) | Decoction of boiled ants are orally administered daily for a week | 10.2 (6); 8.3 (6) | |||||
Adult | Oedema (9) | Adult ants are made to sting on swollen body parts | 4.4 (15) | |||||
Adult | Fever (19); headache (13) | Ants are cooked with local spices (garlic and ginger) and orally administered | 9.3 (6); 6.3 (6) | |||||
Adult | Sinusitis (67) | 1. Fumes of ants are inhaled thrice daily 2. Boiled ants are orally administered 3. Soup of boiled ants are orally administered | 32.7 (3) | |||||
42 | Provespa barthelemyi (Byusson 1905) | Vespidae | Angüi (S) | Wild | Adult | Analgaesic (23) | Wasp sting on affected body parts | 38.9 (7) |
All | Insomnia (5) | 1. Boiled wasps are orally administered 2. Soup of boiled wasps are orally administered | 8.5 (15) | |||||
43 | Vespa mandarinia Smith 1852 | Vespidae | Nati (ALL) | Burrowing | Larva, pupa | Diabetes (10) | 1. Boiled wasps are orally administered 2. Soup of boiled ants are orally administered | 2.7 (12) |
Larva, pupa | Nutrient supplement (334) | Raw/cooked larvae and pupae are eaten | 90.2 (15) | |||||
All | Sharpens memory (7) | Boiled/cooked wasps are eaten | 1.9 (15) | |||||
44 | Vespa tropica tropica (L. 1758) | Vespidae | Akizu (S) | Trees | Adult | Oedema (27) | Roasted adults are consumed or externally applied on affected body parts | 38.6 (15) |
Larva, pupa | Nutrient supplement (49) | Raw/cooked larvae are eaten | 70.0 (15) | |||||
 | Order: Lepidoptera | |||||||
45 | Cossus sp. | Cossidae | Loyie (ALL) | Trees | Larva | Analgaesic (62); bloating (10); nausea(11) | Boiled/cooked larvae are eaten for quick recovery | 22.8 (5); 3.7 (1); 4.0 (1) |
Larva | Common illnesses (19) | Boiled/cooked larvae are orally administered | 7.0 (15) | |||||
Larva | Gastritis (19) | Boiled larvae are eaten daily | 7.0 (1) | |||||
Larva | Joint pain (40); rheumatoid arthritis (48) | 1. Boiled/cooked larvae are eaten daily 2. Paste of raw larvae are externally applied on the affected body parts | 14.7 (7); 17.6 (7) | |||||
Larva | Asthma (11) | Decoction of boiled larvae is orally administered daily | 4.0 (3) | |||||
Larva | Diabetes (7) | Roasted larvae are eaten to maintain blood sugar level | 2.6 (12) | |||||
Larva | Cough (13); general weakness (11); stomach ache (21) | 1. Decoction of boiled larvae is orally administered 2. Roasted larvae are eaten | 4.8 (3); 4.0 (15); 7.7 (1) | |||||
Larva | Typhoid (5) | Decoction of boiled larvae is orally administered for a week | 1.8 (6) | |||||
Larva | Blood purifier (24) | 1. Boiled larvae are eaten 2. Soup of boiled larvae is orally administered | 8.8 (11) | |||||
Larva | Malaria (5) | 1. Boiled larvae are eaten in alternate days for a week 2. Two to three piece of raw larvae are eaten in alternate days for a week | 1.8 (6) | |||||
46 | Omphisa fuscidentalis Hampson 1896 | Crambidae | Keselu (AN, A) | Wild | Larva | Analgaesic (29) | 1. Cooked larvae are eaten 2. Decoction of boiled larvae is orally administered | 36.7 (7) |
47 | Erionata torus Evans 1941 | Hesperiidae | Niakirülo (AN, L) | Home garden | Larva | Aphrodisiac (7); snake bite (11) | 1. Cooked larvae are eaten 2. Decoction of boiled larvae is orally administered | 6.1 (4); 9.6 (9) |
48 | Malacosoma sp. | Lasiocampidae | Meshangra (L) | Trees | Larva | Analgaesic (3); joint pain (3) | 1. Cooked larvae are eaten 2. Decoction of boiled larvae is orally administered | 12.0 (7); 12.0 (7) |
49 | Samia cynthia ricini (Boisduval 1854) | Saturniidae | Eriapok (ALL) | Wild/Home garden | Larva | Analgaesic (16); blood pressure (11); diabetes (29) | 1. Cooked larvae are eaten 2. Decoction of boiled larvae is orally administered | 4.7 (5); 32. (11); 8.6 (12) |
Larva | Nutrient supplement (164) | Cooked larvae are eaten | 48.4 (15) | |||||
 | Order: Diptera | |||||||
50 | Tipula spp. | Tipulidae | Sonhe (AN, C, KH) | Aquatic | Larva | Analgaesic (51) | Decoction of boiled larvae is orally administered | 38.9 (5) |
Larva | Eyesight (5); fatigue (11) | Cooked larvae are eaten | 3.8 (8); 8.4 (15) | |||||
Larva | Measles (6) | 1. Cooked larvae are eaten 2. Decoction of boiled larvae is orally administered | 4.6 (6) |