Table 4 Medicinal plants used by the Chuanqing People

Achyranthes longifolia (Makino) Makino

Bai Niu Xi

Amaranthaceae

Whole plant

Alcohol maceration

An internal lesion caused by overexertion

NY-045

0.02

0.02

Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux

Hao Zi Tou

Ranunculaceae

Roots

Vinegar maceration

Noxious sore, restoring yang for resuscitation

NY-033

AB

0.13

0.13

Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai

Chuan Xin Lian

Ranunculaceae

Rhizomes

Decoction, alcohol maceration

Gastrosia, abdominal pain

NY-001

B

0.04

0.04

Cao Pi Hui Xiang

Acoraceae

Whole plant

Decoction

The pain of cold air in the heart and abdomen, deafness and muteness

NY-047

0.04

0.04

Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz.

Mu Tong

Lardizabalaceae

Rhizomes

Decoction

An internal lesion caused by overexertion

NY-179

A

0.06

0.06

Alcea rosea L.

Hong Qi Hua

Malvaceae

Flowers

Soup with glutinous rice wine

Gynecopathy

NY-041

0.02

0.02

Amorphophallus konjac K. Koch

Shan Mo Yu

Araceae

Root tubers

Alcohol maceration, mash

Cervical spondylopathy

NY-103

0.02

0.02

Anemone rivularis Buch. -Ham. ex DC.

Ba Ban Hua

Ranunculaceae

Roots

Decoction

Anti-inflammatory

NY-120

0.08

0.08

Ardisia crispa (Thunb.) A. DC.

Guo Shan Long

Primulaceae

Roots

Decoction

Tonsillitis

NY-009

B

0.02

0.02

Arisaema heterophyllum Blume

Tian Nan Xing

Araceae

Root tubers

Mash

Drying dampness to dominate phlegm

NY-250

A

0.02

0.02

Aristolochia cucurbitoides C. F. Liang

Qing Teng Xiang

Aristolochiaceae

Roots

Decoction

Relieve pain

NY-150

0.08

0.08

Aristolochia tuberosa C. F. Liang & S. M. Hwang

Zhu Sha Lian

Aristolochiaceae

Roots

Slice

Dysentery, diarrhea, enteritis

NY-101

0.02

0.02

Artemisia argyi H.Lév. & Vaniot

Ku Hao

Asteraceae

Rhizomes

Bath

Rheumatism

NY-057

A

0.10

0.10

Asparagus filicinus Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don

Tian Men Dong

Asparagaceae

Roots

Decoction

Enrich the blood, suppress cough

NY-258

0.06

0.06

Aster indicus L.

Huang Hua Cao

Asteraceae

Whole plant

Alcohol maceration

Abdominal pain, knee pain

NY-028

B

0.04

0.04

Begonia grandis subsp. sinensis (A. DC.) Irmsch.

Yi Kou Xue

Begoniaceae

Root tubers

Alcohol maceration, powder with boiled water

Wound, hemostasis

NY-017

0.06

0.06

Begonia palmata D. Don

Shui Ba Jiao

Begoniaceae

Root tubers

Decoction

Megrim, gastrosia

NY-228

B

0.02

0.02

Berberis triacanthophora Fedde

San Ke Ci

Berberidaceae

Rhizomes

Decoction

Abdominal pain

NY-127

0.02

0.02

Bergenia purpurascens (Hook.f. & Thomson) Engl.

Ba Da Jin Gang

Saxifragaceae

Roots

Alcohol maceration

Internal lesion caused by overexertion

NY- 006

A

0.04

0.04

Bidens tripartita L.

Zhan Dian Zi

Asteraceae

Roots

Mash

Facilitates qi, intestinal leakage

NY-097

0.04

0.04

Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb.f.

Bai Ji

Orchidaceae

Roots

Steam with honey

Suppress cough, pulmonary tuberculosis

NY-263

A

0.04

0.04

Boschniakia himalaica Hook. f. & Thomson.

Hao Ling

Orobanchaceae

Whole plant

Cook with chicken

Deficiency of the kidney and lumbago

NY-147

0.02

0.02

Campylandra chinensis (Baker) M. N. Tamura et al.

Wan Nian Pa

Asparagaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Injuries from falls, fractures, contusions and strains, internal lesion caused by overexertion

NY-239

0.04

0.04

Chloranthus henryi Hemsl.

Si Kuai Wa

Chloranthaceae

Roots

Alcohol maceration

Internal lesion caused by overexertion

NY-075

B

0.04

0.04

Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm.

Jin Mao Gou Ji

Dicksoniaceae

Rhizomes

Alcohol maceration, cook with pork

Lumbago

NY-025

0.02

0.02

Cimicifuga japonica (Thunb.) Spreng.

Mu Qing Gan

Ranunculaceae

Roots

Slice

Abdominal pain

NY-021

0.02

0.02

Citrus cavaleriei H.Lév. ex Cavalerie

Ye Gou Gan

Rutaceae

fruits

Decoction

Nourish the lung to arrest cough

NY-148

0.02

0.02

Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf.

Dang Shen

Campanulaceae

Roots

Cook with chicken

Nourishing

NY-029

A

0.06

0.06

Corallodiscus lanuginosus (Wall. ex DC.) B. L. Burtt

Huan Hun Cao

Gesneriaceae

Whole plant

Steam with pork, mash, steam with alcohol

Infantile malnutrition, hemostasis, injuries from falls, fractures, contusions, and strains

NY-090

0.06

0.06

Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.

Xian Mao

Hypoxidaceae

Whole plant

Alcohol maceration

Lumbago

NY-013

A

0.02

0.02

Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight

Ge Shan Xiao

Apocynaceae

Roots

Cook with pork, alcohol maceration

Nourishing

NY-106

B

0.08

0.08

Cynanchum inamoenum (Maxim.) Loes. ex Gilg. & Loes.

Luan Tou Fa

Apocynaceae

Roots

Decoction

Internal lesion caused by overexertion and cardiopathy

NY-026

0.06

0.06

Cynanchum paniculatum (Bunge) Kitag. ex H.Hara

Dui Ye Lian

Apocynaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Gynecopathy

NY-249

AB

0.06

0.06

Dendrobium officinale Kimura & Migo

Shi Hu

Orchidaceae

Whole plant

Cook with pork

Hypertension, suppress cough

NY-180

A

0.02

0.02

Disporopsis fuscopicta Hance

Yu Zhu

Asparagaceae

Roots

Decoction

Promote the secretion of saliva or bodily fluid

NY-102

B

0.06

0.06

Disporum cantoniense (Lour.) Merr.

Dao Zhu San

Colchicaceae

Roots

Mash

Osteoarthralgia

NY-098

B

0.02

0.02

Drynaria roosii Nakaike

Gu Sui Bu

Polypodiaceae

Roots

Decoction, alcohol maceration

Strengthen tendon and bone

NY-121

0.06

0.06

Dysosma delavayi (Franch.) Hu

Ba Jiao Lian

Berberidaceae

Whole plant

Vinegar maceration, alcohol maceration

An internal lesion caused by overexertion, rheumatism, carbuncle toxin, gastrosia

NY-205

B

0.06

0.06

Epimedium acuminatum Franch.

Tong Si Cao

Berberidaceae

Whole plant

Steam with honey

Tracheitis

NY-072

B

0.10

0.10

Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) H.Hara

Ye Qiao Lan

Polygonaceae

Roots

Decoction

Dyspepsia, abdominal pain

NY-176

A

0.02

0.02

Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Haraldson

He-Shi Wu

Polygonaceae

Root tubers

Decoction

Cavities, strengthen tendons and bone

NY-110

AB

0.08

0.08

Fallopia denticulata (C.C.Huang) Holub

Ji Xue Lian

Polygonaceae

Roots

Decoction

Diarrhea

NY-261

0.02

0.02

Ficus sarmentosa var. impressa (Champ. ex Benth) Corner

Luo Shi Teng

Moraceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Rheumatism

NY-254

0.02

0.02

Gastrodia elata Bl.

Tian Ma

Orchidaceae

Roots

Cook with pork

Nourishing

NY-257

A

0.04

0.04

Gentiana rigescens Franch. ex Hemsl.

Long Dan Cao

Gentianaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Abdominal pain

NY-030

0.04

0.04

Geum aleppicum Jacq.

Lan Bu Zheng

Rosaceae

Whole plant

Fry with eggs, decoction

Megrim

NY-034

B

0.12

0.12

Gleditsia sinensis Lam.

Zao Jiao Ci

Fabaceae

Thorns

Cook with chicken

Osteodynia, arthralgia

NY-109

AB

0.06

0.06

Habenaria davidii Franch.

Shuang Shen Cao

Orchidaceae

Roots

Alcohol maceration

Tonify the kidney, strengthen yang

NY- 003

0.06

0.06

Hedera nepalensis var. sinensis (Tobler) Rehder

San Jiao Feng

Araliaceae

Whole plant

Bath

Rheumatism, postpartum itchy skin

NY-035

B

0.29

0.29

Hemsleya chinensis var. ningnanensis L.D. Shen & W.J. Chang

Ku Jing Pen

Cucurbitaceae

Root tubers

Powder with boiled water

Relieve pain

NY-166

0.06

0.06

Hylotelephium erythrostictum (Miq.) H. Ohba

San Bai Bang

Crassulaceae

Whole plant

Alcohol maceration

Internal lesion caused by overexertion

NY-052

0.04

0.04

Iris tectorum Maxim

Sou Shan Hu

Iridaceae

Rhizomes

Slice

Abdominal pain

NY-137

B

0.04

0.04

Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia

Ma Pi Bao

Lycoperdaceae

Fruiting bodies

Mash

Pus and sores

NY-157

0.02

0.02

Ligusticum chuanxiong S.H.Qiu, Y.Q.Zeng, K.Y.Pan, Y.C.Tang & J.M.Xu

ChuanXiong

Apiaceae

Rhizomes

Steam with eggs, alcohol maceration

Sprain, lumbago

NY-093

AB

0.04

0.04

Lilium brownii F.E.Br. ex Miellez

Bai He

Liliaceae

Bulbs

Cook with chicken, steam with honey

Nourish the lung to arrest cough

NY-159

0.02

0.02

Liparis campylostalix Rchb.f.

Jian Xue Qing

Orchidaceae

Whole plant

Decoction, alcohol maceration

Internal lesion caused by overexertion

NY-015

0.02

0.02

Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Maxim.

Jin Yin Hua

Caprifoliaceae

Flowers

Decoction

Clear and quicken the blood

NY-012

0.04

0.04

Lysimachia paridiformis var. stenophylla Franch.

Zhui Feng San

Primulaceae

Whole plant

Bath

Rheumatism

NY-061

B

0.10

0.10

Lysionotus pauciflorus Maxim.

Shi Yang Mei

Gesneriaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Rheumatism

NY-077

B

0.04

0.04

Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils.

Hou Po Guo

Magnoliaceae

Fruits

Decoction

Suppress cough

NY-007

A

0.02

0.02

Mahonia oiwakensi Hayata

Ci Huang Lian

Berberidaceae

Roots

Decoction

Rheumatism, internal lesion caused by overexertion

NY-027

0.04

0.04

Millettia pachycarpa Benth.

Ku Tan Zi

Fabaceae

Seeds

Powder with boiled water

Abdominal pain

NY-008

0.02

0.02

Myrica nana A. Chev.

Suan Yang Mei

Myricaceae

Root barks,Leaves

Decoction, raw

Diarrhea, hematochezia

NY-256

0.04

0.04

Nandina domestica Thunb.

Nan Tian Zhu

Berberidaceae

Stems, leaves, flowers

Alcohol maceration, bath

Swelling

NY-065

B

0.02

0.02

Neolepisorus fortune Li Wang

Shan Ji Wei

Polypodiaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Anti-inflammatory

NY-083

0.04

0.04

Pachysandra axillaris subsp. stylosa (Dunn) Boufford & Q.Y. Xiang

Shan Ban Deng

Buxaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Icterohepatitis

NY-108

0.08

0.08

Panax japonicus (T.Nees) C.A.Mey.

Ma Ye San Qi

Araliaceae

Roots

Alcohol maceration, decoction

Internal lesion caused by overexertion, nourishing

NY-107

A

0.04

0.04

Paris polyphylla Sm

Du Jiao Lian

Melanthiaceae

Rhizomes

Decoction, alcohol maceration

Cardiopathy, sores, swelling

NY-144

AB

0.13

0.13

Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton

Zi Su Ye

Lamiaceae

Aerial parts

Decoction

Cold

NY-133

0.04

0.04

Periploca forrestii Schltr.

Hei Gu Teng

Apocynaceae

Vines

Decoction

Rheumatism, lumbago and leg pain

NY-251

B

0.04

0.04

Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn

Yi Ma Cai

Apiaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Diaphoresis

NY-067

A

0.06

0.06

Phellodendron chinense var. glabriusculum C.K.Schneid.

Huang Guo Pi

Rutaceae

Barks

Decoction

Heat-clearing and dampness-drying

NY-252

0.04

0.04

Phytolacca acinosa Roxb.

Da Han Cai

Phytolaccaceae

Rhizomes

Decoction

Hydronics, nourishing

NY-036

A

0.04

0.04

Plantago major L.

Che Qian

Plantaginaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Heat-clearing and detoxifying

NY-073

0.13

0.13

Pleione yunnanensis (Rolfe) Rolfe

Hong Ji

Orchidaceae

Root tubers

Steam with honey

Suppress cough, pulmonary tuberculosis

NY-024

0.04

0.04

Polygonatum kingianum Collett & Hemsl.

Lao Hu Jiang

Asparagaceae

Root tubers

Decoction

Icterohepatitis

NY-105

A

0.02

0.02

Polygonatum punctatum Royle ex Kunth

Huang Jing

Asparagaceae

Roots

Cook with pork

Nourishing

WangQH032

0.06

0.06

Polygonum aviculare L.

Xiao Shui Hong Hua

Polygonaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Icterohepatitis

NY-085

A

0.02

0.02

Polygonum capitatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don

Si Ji Hong

Polygonaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Nephritis

NY-084

B

0.13

0.13

Polygonum viviparum L.

Di Ma Feng

Polygonaceae

Rhizomes

Decoction

Dysentery

NY-158

0.04

0.04

Potentilla discolor Bunge

Tian Qing Di Bai

Rosaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Dysentery

NY-163

A

0.13

0.13

Primula cernua Franch.

Mi San Hua

Primulaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Infertility

NY-191

0.04

0.04

Prunella vulgaris L.

Bang Chui Cao

Lamiaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Heat-clearing

NY-119

A

0.04

0.04

Pyrola calliantha Andres

Lu Han Cao

Ericaceae

Whole plant

Cook with pork

Rheumatism, suppressing cough, lumbago

NY-020

A

0.06

0.06

Reineckea carnea (Andrews) Kunth

Guan Yin Cao

Asparagaceae

Whole plant

Decoction, alcohol maceration

Cold, relax the veins and stimulate blood circulation

NY-264

B

0.06

0.06

Rhodiola yunnanensis (Franch.) S. H. Fu

Hu Dou Qi

Crassulaceae

Roots

Alcohol maceration

Internal lesion caused by overexertion

NY-016

0.02

0.02

Rubia cordifolia L.

Xiao Hong Teng

Rubiaceae

Rhizomes

Alcohol maceration

Relax the veins and stimulate blood circulation

NY-253

A

0.04

0.04

Sambucus javanica Blume

Wu Yang Cao

Adoxaceae

Whole plant

Bath

Rheumatism

NY-046

0.08

0.08

Sanguisorba officinalis L.

Zao Er Huang

Rosaceae

Rhizomes

Decoction

Diarrhea

NY-125

AB

0.02

0.02

Saxifraga stolonifera Curtis.

Fan Bei Hong

Saxifragaceae

Whole plant

Ears drop, bath

Earache

NY-094

B

0.04

0.04

Senecio analogus DC.

Qian Li Guang

Asteraceae

Aerial parts

Decoction, bath

Heat-clearing, rheumatism

NY-216

0.04

0.04

Sinocrassula indica (Decne.) A. Berger

Gou Ya Ban

Crassulaceae

Whole plant

Cook with pork, crush with glutinous rice wine

Mastitis, icterohepatitis

NY-082

0.04

0.04

Spiraea japonica L. f.

Yi Cuo Jiao

Rosaceae

Roots

Decoction

Skin disease

NY-260

B

0.06

0.06

Stellaria media (L.) Vill

E Er Chang

Caryophyllaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Lithiasis

NY-116

0.02

0.02

Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn.

Hua Qi Shen

Talinaceae

Whole plant

Alcohol maceration, cook with chicken

Nourishing, nose bleeding

NY-050

B

0.02

0.02

Taraxacum mongolicum Hand. -Mazz.

Pu Gong Ying

Asteraceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Gynecopathy

NY-128

A

0.08

0.08

Taxus chinensis (Pilg.) Rehder

Hong Dou Shan

Taxaceae

Stems,Lraves

Decoction

Suppress cough, relieve pain, gynecopathy

NY-200

0.08

0.08

Tinospora sagittata Gagnep.

Shan Ci Ku

Menispermaceae

Root tubers

Powder with boiled water

Neck pain, laryngitis, dysentery, abdominal pain

NY-169

B

0.08

0.08

Urtica fissa E. Pritz.

Lao Hu Ma

Urticaceae

Leaves

Bath, decoction

Rheumatism

NY-058

0.08

0.08

Veratrum nigrum L.

Xiao Zhong Gen

Melanthiaceae

Rhizomes

Decoction

Detoxification

NY-178

B

0.08

0.08

Verbena officinalis L.

Ma Bian Shao

Verbenaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Varicella

NY-096

A

0.04

0.04

Viola fargesii H. Boissieu

Di He Tao

Violaceae

Whole plant

Decoction

Set a bone, palpitation

NY-088

0.08

0.08