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Table 5 Food that should not be given to children below two years and reasons for it

From: Traditional food taboos and practices during pregnancy, postpartum recovery, and infant care of Zulu women in northern KwaZulu-Natal

Education background

None

n = 23

Grades 1–7

n = 24

Grades 8–12

n = 63

TEd

n = 30

Total

n = 140 (%)

Food avoidance for child

< 2 years

Reason (s)

10

8

11

10

39 (28)

Meat

Teeth and digestive system are not strong, the child will craves meat his whole life or craves other kids food, the baby will grow up sexually active, causes diarrhea and intestinal worms

3

7

22

3

35 (25)

Sugar and sweets

Rotten teeth, too much saliva and sores on tongue

7

3

12

1

23 (16)

Strong food (cereal, amadumbe, dry corn, sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas (L.) lam)

Hard to digest due the child’s underdeveloped digestive system

1

2

7

2

12 (9)

Fizzy drinks

Causes asthma

1

2

2

5

10 (7)

Water

The water will go to the knees and delays walking process, disturbed the stomach

1

2

6

1

10 (7)

Banana, sweet potato

Constipation, causes diarrhea, rotten teeth

1

4

1

3

9 (6)

Samp and beans

Teeth are not strong, cannot digest it

2

3

4

 

9 (6)

Salty food

The salt will goes to the knees and delays walking process/the process of having teeth will take longer

3

1

3

1

8 (6)

Ox liver

Will poop inside house for the rest of his/her life, very active bile, the baby will be lazy, the baby will be stupid, does not digest well

2

2

3

 

7 (5)

Amasi milk (fermented milk)

Causes tape worms and diarrhea

 

2

4

1

7 (5)

Yoghurt and purity

Baby will not grow well, cause fever and intestinal worms.

 

1

3

3

7 (5)

Milk, cheese, chicken and polony (process sausage)

They speed up maturation

  

4

2

6 (4)

Phuthu pap (maize porridge)

Causes intestinal worms, slow digestion, causes kwashiorkor

  

5

 

5 (4)

Chili, spices

Ulcers, runny tummy, can also irritate the skin.

  

1

4

5 (4)

Eggs

Speeds maturation process

 

3

1

 

4 (3)

Cakes, cookies

Cause teeth decay

 

1

2

 

3 (2)

Hot potato chips

Skin problems/cause ring worms

  

1

2

3 (2)

Soft porridge which is not supplemented by milk

The baby will have kwashiorkor (malnutrition)

1

 

2

 

3 (2)

Tea

Causes headache and can be addictive

1

 

1

 

2 (1)

Alcohol

Brain damage

  

1

 

1 (0.7)

Chicken to a girl

The child will lust over men and be sexually active at an early stage

   

2

2 (1)

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.)

Diarrhea/causes constipation

  

1

 

1 (0.7)

Food related to the child’s surname is taboo

Child will get sick

  

1

 

1 (0.7)

Honey

Baby will suffocate because it is too thick

  

1

 

1 (0.7)

Fish

Fish contain bones that may harm the baby

  1. n number of participants responded, TEd tertiary education, Grade refers to the twelve classes (grades 1–12) that one attends at basic education before qualifying for the senior certificate to tertiary institutions