Taste and chemical composition as drives for utilitarian redundancy and equivalence: a case study in local medical systems in Northeastern Brazil

Reinaldo, Rafael Corrêa Prota dos Santos; Santoro, Flávia Rosa; Albuquerque, Ulysses Paulino; de Medeiros, Patrícia Muniz

doi:10.1186/s13002-022-00503-1

Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine

Table 3 List with the plant species included in the chemical analyzes and their respective therapeutic indications

From: Taste and chemical composition as drives for utilitarian redundancy and equivalence: a case study in local medical systems in Northeastern Brazil

Species	Family	Common name	Origin	Classes of compounds	Region	Part of the plant used	Taste	Therapeutic indications	Herbarium voucher
Acanthospermum hispidum DC	Asteraceae	Federação	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Leaves and roots	Tasteless	Expectorant, cough, flu and colds	IPA91626
					TR	Flower and roots	Tasteless	Cough	Sterile material
Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f	Asphodelaceae	Babosa	Exotic	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Bark, leaves and roots	Bitter	Expectorant, injury, stomach problems, flu and colds, cough and worms	Sterile material
Amburana Cearensis (Allemão) A.C.Sm	Fabaceae	Imburana de cheiro	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Bark, leaves and seeds	Bitter	Diarrhea, Headache, Flu and colds, Indigestion and Cough	Sterile material
Anacardium occidentale L	Anacardiaceae	Cajueiro roxo	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Bark and leaves	Astringent	Toothache, Injury, Stomach problems and Inflammation in general	Sterile material
					TR	Bark and fruit	Astringent	Toothache, Injury, Gynecological and Problem	Sterile material
Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul	Fabaceae	Angico	Native	Phe, Fla, Ter and Tan	SDTF	Bark	Bitter	Injury, Flu and colds and Inflammation in general	IPA91649
Astraea lobata (L.) Klotzsch	Euphorbiaceae	Alfavaca de cobra	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	TR	Roots	Tasteless	Stinging of venomous animals	Sterile material
Bauhinia acuruana Moric	Fabaceae	Mororó	Native	Phe and Ter	SDTF	Bark, leaves and roots	Bitter	Diabetes, Flu and colds, Inflammation in general and Cough	IPA91660
Borreria verticillata (L.) G. Mey	Rubiaceae	Vassoura de botão	Native	Alkaloid, flavonoid Terpene	TR	Entire plant or roots	Bitter	Stroke	IPA91713
Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J.B.Gillett	Burseraceae	Imburana de cambão	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Bark and leaves	Astringent	Diarrhea, Injury, Hypertension and Cough	IPA91663
Copaifera lucens Dwyer	Fabaceae	Pau D’óleo	Native	Ter	TR	Sap and resin	Bitter	Pain in general and stroke	Sterile material
Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf	Poaceae	Capim Santo	Exotic	Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Leaves	Sweet	Calming, Diarrhea, Flu and colds, Hypertension and Indigestion	Sterile material
					TR	Leaves	Sweet	Diarrhea	Sterile material
Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin and Clemants	Amaranthaceae	Mastruz	Exotic	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Entire plant or roots	Bitter	Expectorant, Injury, Bone fracture, Flu and colds, Cough, Worms and Stomach problems	IPA91613
					TR	Leaves	Bitter	Expectorant, Flu and colds, Cough and Worms	IPA91714
Genipa americana L	Rubiaceae	Genipapo	Native	Phe, Tan and Ter	TR	Bark and fruit	Sweet	Anemia	Sterile material
Guazuma ulmifolia Lam	Malvaceae	Mutamba	Native	NA	TR	Bark	Bitter	Bone fracture and Cough	IPA91718
Handroantus impetiginosus (Mart.ex DC.) Mattos	Bignoniaceae	Pau D’arco Roxo	Native	Phe and Fla	SDTF	Bark	Bitter	Stomach problems	Sterile material
					TR	Bark	Bitter	Wounds	Sterile material
Hymenaea courbaril L	Fabaceae	Jatobá	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Bark, fruit and roots	Astringent	Anemia, Expectorant, Injury, Stomach problems, Flu and colds, Airway inflammation, Inflammation in general and Cough	IPA91630
					TR	Bark and fruit	Astringent	Injury and Airway inflammation	Sterile material
Jatropha gossypiifolia L	Euphorbiaceae	Pinhão Roxo	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and, Ter	SDTF	Leaves, shoot, sap and resin	Astringent	Stinging of venomous animals	IPA91702
Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L.P.Queiroz	Fabaceae	Jucá	Native	Phe, Fla and Terpene	SDTF	Bark and fruit	Bitter	Toothache	IPA91696
Lippia origanoides Kunth	Lamiaceae	Alecrim do Mato	Native	Phe, Fla and Ter	SDTF	Leaves	Spicy	Toothache and Headache	IPA91612
Maranta sp.	Maranthaceae	Uruba	Native	NA	TR	Roots	Tasteless	Stinging of venomous animals	Sterile material
Mentha piperita L	Lamiaceae	Hortelã da folha pequena	Exotic	Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Leaves and roots	Sweet	Expectorant, Flu and colds, Airways Inflammation and Cough	Sterile material
Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir	Fabaceae	Jurema Preta	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Bark	Bitter	Injury	Sterile material
Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão	Anacardiaceae	Aroeira	Native	Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Bark, stem, flower and leaves	Bitter	Pain in general, Acariasis and other infestations, Injury, Stomach problems, Indigestion, Inflammation in general and Cough	Sterile material
Neoglaziovia variegata (Arruda) Mez	Bromeliaceae	Caruá	Native	NA	SDTF	Roots	Sweet	Spine problems	IPA91701
Ocimum gratissimum L	Lamiaceae	Alfavaca	Exotic	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	TR	Leaves	Astringent	Stomach problems and conjunctivitis	Sterile material
Passiflora cincinnata Mast	Passifloraceae	Maracujá do Mato	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla and Tan	SDTF	Leaves, fruit, roots and seeds	Sour	Calming, Flu and colds, Inflammation in general and Cough	IPA91635
Passiflora edulis Sims	Passifloraceae	Maracujá	Native	NA	SDTF	Leaves	NA	Indigestion	Sterile material
Passiflora foetida L	Passifloraceae	Maracujá de Estralo	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla and Tan	SDTF	Leaves	Tasteless	Flu and colds and Conjunctivitis	IPA91677
Periandra mediterranea (Vell.) Taub	Fabaceae	Alcançu	Native	NA	SDTF	Bark, leaves and roots	Sweet	Expectorant, Flu and colds, Airways inflammation and Cough	IPA91648
Persea americana Mill	Lauraceae	Abacate	Exotic	NA	SDTF	Leaves	Tasteless	Renal problems	HST22158
Phyllanthus urinaria L	Phyllanthaceae	Quebra Pedra	Native	Phe, Fla Tan and Ter	SDTF	Entire plant and roots	Bitter	Renal problems	Sterile material
					TR	Entire plant or roots	Bitter	Renal problems	Sterile material
Pityrocarpa moniliformis (Benth.) Luckow and R.W.Jobson	Fabaceae	Canzenzo	Native	NA	SDTF	Bark	Astringent	Diarrhea	IPA91651
Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng	Lamiaceae	Hortelã da folha grande	Exotic	NA	SDTF	Leaves	Sweet	Flu and colds and Cough	Sterile material
Plinia cauliflora (Mart.) Kausel	Myrtaceae	Jabuticaba	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla Tan and Ter	SDTF	Bark	Astringent	Diarrhea	Sterile material
Plumbago scandens L	Plumbaginaceae	Louco	Native	NA	SDTF	Stem, leaves and roots	Tasteless	Toothache	HST22163
Poincianella microphylla (Mart. ex G.Don) L.P.Queiroz	Fabaceae	Catingueira rasteira	Native	NA	SDTF	Bark, flower and roots	Tangy	Inflammation in general and Cough	IPA91653
Pombalia arenaria (Ule) Paula-Souza	Violaceae	Papaconha	Native	NA	SDTF	Bark and roots	Tasteless	Expectorant, Flu and colds, Airways Inflammation and Cough	IPA91628
Prosopis juliflora (Sw.)	Fabaceae	Algaroba	Exotic	NA	SDTF	Bark	Bitter	Inflammation in general	Sterile material
Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.)	Burseraceae	Amescla	Native	NA	TR	Sap/resin and Seeds	Sweet	Toothache, Stomach problems	Sterile material
Psidium guajava L	Myrtaceae	Goiaba	Exotic	Phe, Fla, Tan and, Ter	SDTF	Bark and leaves	Bitter	Diarrhea	Sterile material
Psidium guineense Sw	Myrtaceae	Araçá	Native	NA	TR	Leaves	Bitter	Diarrhea	IPA91708
Punica granatum L	Punicaceae	Romã	Exotic	NA	SDTF	Bark, leaves, fruit and seeds	Bitter	Throat problems, Stomach problems and Inflammation in general	Sterile material
Rosmarinus officinalis L	Lamiaceae	Alecrim	Exotic	Alk, Phe, Fla Tan and Terpene	SDTF	Leaves	Spicy	Headache, Flu and colds	Sterile material
Ruta graveolens L	Rutaceae	Arruda	Exotic	Alk, Phe, Fla Tan and Ter	SDTF	Leaves	Bitter	Headache, Pain in general	Sterile material
Sambucus nigra L	Adoxaceae	Sabugueira	Exotic	Alk, Phe and TerAlk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Flower	Tasteless	Flu and colds and Cough	HST22162
					TR	Flower and leaves	Bitter	Colds and flu,	Sterile material
Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl	Anacardiaceae	Baraúna	Native	NA	SDTF	Bark, stem, leaves, sap and resin	Astringent	Headache, Flu and colds	Sterile material
Schinus terebinthifolia var. acutifolia Engl	Anacardiaceae	Aroeira	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla Tan and Ter	TR	Bark, leaves	Astringent	Injury, General inflammation and Gynecological problem	Sterile material
Senegalia bahiensis (Benth.) Seigler and Ebinger	Fabaceae	Carcará	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Bark and roots	Bitter	Spine problems and Kidney problems	IPA91697
Senna occidentalis (L.) Link	Fabaceae	Mangerioba	Native	NA	TR	Flower and seeds	Bitter	Headache, Airways Inflammation	IPA91706
Senna spectabilis var. excelsa (Schrad.) H.S.Irwin and Barneby	Fabaceae	Canafístula	Native	NA	SDTF	Bark	Bitter	Diarrhea	HST22166
Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roem. and Schult.) T.D.Penn	Sapotaceae	Quixabeira	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Bark	Astringent	Injury, General inflammation, Stroke and Gynecological problem	Sterile material
Solanum paniculatum L	Solanaceae	Jurubeba	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla Tan and Ter	SDTF	Leaves, fruit, roots and seeds	Bitter	Injury, Stomach problems, Flu and colds, Inflammation in general and Cough	IPA91633
					TR	Bark, flower, leaves, fruit, entire plant, roots, sap/resin and seeds	Bitter	Expectorant, Flu and colds and Cough	IPA91709
Sorocea sp.	Moraceae	Pau Teiu	Native	NA	SDTF	Bark, sap and resin	Bitter	Stinging of venomous animals	Sterile material
Spondias tuberosa L	Anacardiaceae	Umbuzeiro	Native	NA	SDTF	Bark and leaves	Sour	Calming, Diarrhea and Insomnia	Sterile material
Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc	Arecaceae	Coco Ouricuri	Native	NA	SDTF	Roots	Sweet	Airways inflammation and Spine problems	Sterile material
Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels	Myrtaceae	Azeitona Roxa	Exotic	NA	TR	NA	Tasteless	Diabetes	Sterile material
Tapirira guianensis Aubl	Anacardiaceae	Cupiuba	Native	NA	TR	Sap and resin	NA	Injury	Sterile material
Tarenaya spinosa Jacq.) Raf	capparaceae	Mussambe	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	TR	Flower and roots	Bitter	Flu and colds	Sterile material
Tocoyena formosa (Cham. and Schltdl.) K.Schum	Rubiaceae	Genipapo	Native	NA	SDTF	Bark	Bitter	Stroke	IPA91611
Vismia guianensis (Aubl.) Choisy	Hypericaceae	Lacre	Native	Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	TR	Bark, leaves and roots	Tasteless	Arterial hypertension and Renal problems	IPA91717
Ximenia americana linn	Olacaceae	Ameixa	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	SDTF	Bark and leaves	Bitter	Injury, Throat problems, Stomach problems, Inflammation in general and Gynecological problem	Sterile material
Xylopia frutescens aubl	Annonaceae	Imbira Vermelha	Native	Alk, Phe, Fla, Tan and Ter	TR	Seeds	Spicy	Pain in general	Sterile material
Ziziphus joazeiro Mart	Rhamnaceae	Juazeiro	Native	NA	TR	Bark	Bitter	Expectorant, Toothache, Flu and colds, Airway inflammation and Cough	Sterile material
					SDTF	Bark, leaves and roots	Bitter	Expectorant, Acariasis and other infestations and Cough	IPA91676

In the fifth column are the classes of compounds attributed to the cited plants, namely Alkaloids (ALK), Phenols (PHE), Flavonoids (FLA), Tannins (TAN) and Terpenes (TER). In the sixth column, SDTF indicates that the species in question was obtained in the Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest, while TR indicates that the species was obtained in the Tropical Rainforest. Cells containing NA mean that this information does not apply to the analyses or that these data were not obtained

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ISSN: 1746-4269

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