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Table 1 Respondents count (n) and frequency (%) of the responses for questions regarding basic knowledge about bats

From: Knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes by residents in Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in connection with bats

Questions/Variables

Do not know

n (%)

No

n (%)

Yes

n (%)

χ2

P-value

Bats are birds?

5 (2.5)

77 (38.5)

118 (59)

35.7

 < 0.01

Have you ever seen bats?

0 (0)

32 (16)

168 (84)

9.52

0.02

Fruits are the common food consumed by bats

11 (5.5)

49 (24.5)

140 (70)

16.39

0.01

Fruits are contaminated/damaged by bats

8 (4)

50 (25)

142 (71)

9.45

0.15

Do you wash fruits before consumption?

0 (0)

5 (2.5)

195 (97.5)

15.38

 < 0.01

Do you have any fruits orchards in your area?

0 (0)

11 (5.5)

189 (94.5)

34.92

 < 0.01

Direct contact with bats

0 (0)

117 (58.5)

83 (41.5)

31.53

 < 0.01

Have you seen roost of bats?

2 (1)

85 (42.5)

113 (56.5)

9.38

0.15

Have you observed the movement of bats from their roosts every evening

11 (5.5)

83 (41.5)

106 (53)

24.79

 < 0.01

Population of bats decrease over the last 3 years

43 (21.5)

77 (38.5)

80 (40)

56.26

 < 0.01

Should bats be conserved?

32 (16)

81 (40.5)

87 (43.5)

36.06

 < 0.01

Have any positive effects on agriculture?

29 (14.5)

82 (41)

89 (44.5)

35.78

 < 0.01

Bats destroy our orchards

9 (4.5)

66 (33)

125 (62.5)

25.62

 < 0.01

Killing of bats is good thing

3 (1.5)

114 (57)

83 (41.5)

30.18

 < 0.01

Bats are spreading infectious diseases

27 (13.5)

78 (39)

95 (47.5)

41.61

 < 0.01

Do people eat bats?

27 (13.5)

173 (86.5)

0 (0)

4.58

0.205