Table 8 An overview of Insecticidal plant efficacy from literature review of selected species mentioned in the Bagamoyo survey

1

Mwarobaini

Azadirachta indica (Maliaceae)

In Tanzania, leaves mixture with cow urine controls maize pests in the field; Also, infusion of leaves and tobacco powder are sprayed to control crop pests in the field [8]

Dried leaf powder is used to repel Culex quinquefasciatus[9].

Larvicidal activity against Aedes aegyptis[10].

Leaf, seed, seed oil, flower and fruit are used by Indians for control of Rice weevil [11].

2

Mtopetope;

Annona squamosa

Annona cherimoya

Indians use leaf, bark, root, stem and fruits for control of head lice and insects [11].

Leaf extract of A. senegalensis and A. squamosa is used against mosquito larvae [12, 13].

Mtopetope

Annona reticulata L.

mwitu;

Annona stenophylla

Mtomoko

Annona senegalesis (Annonaceae)

Engl. [14, 15].

Annona senegalensis Pers is used traditionally in Nigeria to treat victims of snakebite [16].

Also leaf extract is used against Aedes adopticus[17].

Mchekwa;

Annona Montana[18].

Mtopetope pori

Annona senegalensis

leaves was effective against different stages of Caryedon serratus

development [19].

3

Mchugwa; Limau

Citrus spp (Rutaceae)

C. aurantifolia

Dried leaf of C. limonium is used against wheat weevil and flour beetle by Indians [11, 20].

Essential oils of C. aurantifolia, C. paradis, C. sinensis and C. limonium is used for control of Cowpea weevils (Callosobruchus maculatus) [21].

C. paradis

C. sinensis

C. limonium

C. aurantium

C. reticulate Blanco [14, 15].

C. aurantium. Essential oils are used to control tomato moth (Tuta absoluta) and Africa cotton leaf worm. (Spodoptera littoralis) [22].

Show bioefficacy against Ae. albopictus of three Citrus essential oils, derived from peels of Citrus sinensis, Citrus limon, and Citrus paradise and of their component [23]; Also against An. gambiae[24].

4

Mvumbashi

Ocimum Spp (Laminaceae)

O. americanum

Leaves of O. suave are arranged in a bag of millet or maize to control pests [8].

Essential oils of O. suave and O. kilimandscharium are Cx. Quinquefasciatus and Anopheles arabiensis repellant [25].

Uvumbati

O. suave

O. lamiifolium

O. polystachyon

Leaves of O. gratissimum are used in Nigeria in post harvest protection of maize [26].

O. grantissimum

Essential oils of O. canum and O. basilicum are used for control of Cowpea weevils (Callosobruchus maculatus) [27].

O. kilimandscharium

O. canum

Hyptis suaveolens (Formally, O. basilicanum)

High protection time of essential oil of O. basilicum with ethyl alcohol, tested against three mosquito species, Aedes aegypti, Anopheles minimus and Culex quinquefasciatus[28].

[14, 15].

O. albosteblatum

O. angustifolium

O. gratissimum essential oil formulation repelled anopheline and culicine mosquitoes [29].

O. obovatum[14].

O. basilicum essential oil showed the strongest larvicidal activity while O. gratissimum exhibited the longest duration of action for mosquito repellent activity [30].

5

Mkorosho

Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae)

The gum from stem of A. occidentale is used as an adhesive (for woodwork panels, plywood, bookbinding), partly because it has insecticidal properties [31].

Powders and extracts of A. occidentale seeds were effective in controlling cowpea bruchid, C. maculatus in stored cowpea seeds [32].

Larvicidal activities of aqueous extracts of Leaf, Bark and Nutshell of A. occidentale showed insecticidal properties on the An. gambiae[33].

6

Mstafeli

An.muricata

Leaves of An. muricata are used by phu thai tribe in Lao People’s Democratic Republic to repel bedbugs and lice [20].

Annona muricata shows promising larvicidal activity against Ae. Eagypti[13, 34].

7

Mwembe

Mangifera indica

Leaves of M. indica is used in uMkhanyakude district, KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa as mosquito insect repellent [35].

(Myrtaceae)

8

Maganda ya nazi

Cocos nucifera

Coconuts oil is used as mosquito and tick repellant [36, 37].

(Arecaceae)

9

Mpera

Psidium Spp

P. guajava

(Myrtaceae)

P. cattleianum

P. friedrichsthalianum

P. guineese ([14, 15]).