Table 1 Enumeration of plants used by the Gujjars of Churah subdivision of Chamba district
Family | Scientific name | Local namea | Voucher no. | Used inb | Part(s) usedc | Mode of usage | Uses (no. of informants) | Total citations (∑U) | Use value (UV) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adoxaceae | |||||||||
Viburnum mullaha Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don | Tilhanj | PLP 17848 | Hum | Fr | Fruit is edible | Edible (73) | 73 | 0.54 | |
Amaranthaceae | |||||||||
Amaranthus paniculatus L. | Seul | PLP 17851 | Hum | Sd | Seeds are cracked and eaten and also used to prepare other recipes | Edible (115) | 115 | 0.85 | |
Chenopodium album L. | Bathua | PLP 17990 | Hum | Lf | Used as very common vegetable | Edible (99) | 99 | 0.73 | |
Dysphania botrys (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants | Bathu | PLP 17829 | Hum | Lf | Leaves are cooked and eaten | Edible (93) | 93 | 0.69 | |
Apiaceae | |||||||||
Angelica glauca Edgew. | Choru | PLP 17837 | Hum/Cat | Rt | Root powder is used to cure a cold/fever both in humans and cattle. The root is kept in almost all houses to avoid the entry of snake inside the house | Medicinal (67), household (89) | 156 | 1.16 | |
Pleurospermum brunonis Benth. ex C.B. Clarke | Hewan | PLP 17905 | Hum | Lf, Wp | Crushed leaf juice mixed with mild hot mustard oil to prevent skin infection. The whole part is kept by local people to avoid the evil eye | Medicinal (19), household (89) | 108 | 0.80 | |
Selinum vaginatum C.B. Clarke | Bhootkeshi | PLP 17911 | Hum | Wp | The whole plant is dried and is used as an incense | Household (71) | 71 | 0.53 | |
Araceae | |||||||||
Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott | Shaungal/ Leetu/Galgal | PLP 17862 | Hum | Tu | The tuber is cooked and eaten | Edible (90) | 90 | 0.67 | |
Asparagaceae | |||||||||
Asparagus adscendens Roxb. | Sansua | PLP 17917 | Hum | Rt | The outer layer of the roots is removed and immersed in mustard oil and applied on the scalp to control hair fall | Medicinal (56) | 56 | 0.41 | |
Asteraceae | |||||||||
Jurinea macrocephala DC. | Dhoop | PLP 17968 | Hum | Wp | The whole part is dried and used as incense | Household (103) | 103 | 0.76 | |
Athyriaceae | |||||||||
Diplazium maximum (D. Don) C. Chr. | Khasrod | PLP 17805 | Hum | Wp | A decoction of the whole plant is taken to cure body pain. Used as vegetable and pickle | Medicinal (43), Edible (121) | 164 | 1.21 | |
Balsaminaceae | |||||||||
Impatiens spp. | Nanteela | PLP 17923 | Cat | Lf | Used as fodder | Fodder (67) | 67 | 0.50 | |
Berberidaceae | |||||||||
Berberis aristata DC. | Timri/Kashmal/Kemru | PLP 17998 | Hum | Rt | Roots are boiled in water and the residue is used to cure an eye infection | Medicinal (63) | 63 | 0.47 | |
Berberis lycium Royle | Kashmal/Kemru | PLP 17815 | Hum | Fr | Ripen fruits are eaten | Edible (99) | 99 | 0.73 | |
Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) T.S.Ying | Khakdu | PLP 17928 | Cat | Fr | Fruits are ground and paste is kept inside the wheat flour dough and given to cattle to prevent bloating | Medicinal (61) | 61 | 0.45 | |
Betulaceae | |||||||||
Alnus nitida (Spach) Endl. | Koie | PLP 17864 | Cat | Lf | The leaves of the plant are given as fodder to animals | Fodder (89) | 89 | 0.66 | |
Betula utilis D.Don | Bhojpatra | PLP 17901 | Hum | Lf, Bk | The decoction of leaves is used to cure the urinary infection, the bark is used in thatching roofs as a waterproof medium | Medicinal (12), household (98) | 110 | 0.81 | |
Carpinus viminea Wall. ex Lindl. | Mandu | PLP 17833 | Cat | Lf, Bk | Leaves are used as fodder. The bark is used for making shoes | Fodder (69), household (6) | 75 | 0.56 | |
Corylus jacquemontii Decne. | Jamun | PLP 17936 | Hum/Cat | Fr, Lf | Fruits are edible. Leaves are used as fodder | Edible (91), fodder (103) | 194 | 1.44 | |
Boraginaceae | |||||||||
Onosma hispida Wall. ex G. Don | Ratanjot | PLP 17980 | Hum | Rt | Dried roots are immersed in mustard oil and applied on hair scalp to control hair fall | Medicinal (59) | 59 | 0.44 | |
Buxaceae | |||||||||
Sarcococca saligna (D. Don) Müll. Arg. | Rethali | PLP 17942 | Hum | St | Used for making brooms | Household (76) | 76 | 0.56 | |
Cannabaceae | |||||||||
Cannabis sativa L. | Bhang | PLP 17840 | Hum | Sd | Roasted seeds are eaten as culinary by the local people | Edible (107) | 107 | 0.79 | |
Caprifoliaceae | |||||||||
Valeriana jatamansi Jones | Mushkbala, Shamak | PLP 17927 | Hum | Rt | Used as incense | Household (79) | 79 | 0.59 | |
Caryophyllaceae | |||||||||
Stellaria media (L.) Vill. | Khojua/ Koku | PLP 17922 | Hum | Ap | Aerial part is cooked and eaten as a vegetable | Edible (94) | 94 | 0.70 | |
Commelinaceae | |||||||||
Commelina benghalensis L. | Chura | PLP 17871 | Hum | Lf | Leaves are eaten as vegetable | Edible (110) | 110 | 0.81 | |
Compositae | |||||||||
Jurinea macrocephala DC. | Dhoop | PLP 17968 | Hum | Wp | The whole part is dried and used as incense | Household (103) | 103 | 0.76 | |
Dennstaedtiaceae | |||||||||
Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn | Nanoor | PLP 17931 | Hum | Ap | Used as fixer between soil and timber beam for roof thatching in the construction of houses. Very often given as fodder to buffaloes | Fodder (115), household (117) | 232 | 1.72 | |
Elaeagnaceae | |||||||||
Elaeagnus parvifolia Wall. ex Royle | Ghyeen | PLP 17881 | Hum | Fr | Fruits are edible | Edible (78) | 78 | 0.58 | |
Ericaceae | |||||||||
Rhododendron arboreum Sm. | Surang | PLP 18000 | Hum | Fl | Flower juice is used to make drink commonly called sherbat | Edible (90) | 90 | 0.67 | |
Rhododendron campanulatum D.Don | Inga | PLP 17913 | Cat | Lf | A small quantity of leaves are fed to buffalos in case of a cough | Medicinal (62) | 62 | 0.46 | |
Fabaceae | |||||||||
Bauhinia variegata L. | Kachnar | PLP 17997 | Hum | Fl | The flowers are used to make pakoras (fried snack) and chutneys (sauce) | Edible (79) | 79 | 0.59 | |
Desmodium elegans DC. | Pree | PLP 17994 | Cat | Lf | The leaves of the plant are given as fodder to animals | Fodder (71) | 71 | 0.53 | |
Fagaceae | |||||||||
Quercus semecarpifolia Sm. | Kharyu | PLP 17902 | Cat | Lf | The leaves are used as fodder | Fodder (95) | 95 | 0.70 | |
Juglandaceae | |||||||||
Juglans regia L. | Akhrot | PLP 17892 | Hum | Bk, Fr, Wd | The bark is used to clean teeth, fruit is edible, the wood used for various purposes | Edible (111), household (105) | 216 | 1.60 | |
Lamiaceae | |||||||||
Ajuga integrifolia Buch.-Ham. | Neelkanthi | PLP 17825 | Hum | Rt | Root paste is applied to the snake bite affected area | Medicinal (32) | 32 | 0.24 | |
Clinopodium vulgare L. | Shyul | PLP 17817 | Hum | Sd | The seeds are cracked and used in various recipes | Edible (102) | 102 | 0.76 | |
Lauraceae | |||||||||
Neolitsea pallens (D. Don) Momiy. & H. Hara | Jhlunth | PLP 17855 | Cat | Lf | The leaves of the plant are given as fodder to animals | Fodder (78) | 78 | 0.58 | |
Liliaceae | |||||||||
Gagea lutea (L.) Ker Gawl. | Butti | PLP 17953 | Hum | Tu | The dried form of tubers occasionally used as spices | Edible (76) | 76 | 0.56 | |
Malvaceae | |||||||||
Malva neglecta Wallr. | Sochal | PLP 17977 | Hum | Lf | Cooked as vegetable | Edible (91) | 91 | 0.67 | |
Melanthiaceae | |||||||||
Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D.Don | Nag Chatri | PLP 17937 | Hum | Rt | Dried root powder along with buttermilk used to cure arthritis | Medicinal (33) | 33 | 0.24 | |
Moraceae | |||||||||
Ficus spp. | Dhura | PLP 17932 | Cat | Lf | The leaves of the plant are given as fodder to animals | Fodder (92) | 92 | 0.68 | |
Morchellaceae | |||||||||
Morchella esculenta (L. : Fr.) Pers. | Gucchi | PLP 17995 | Hum | Wp | The dried whole part is boiled in milk and given to a person suffering from cold and cough. The whole part is cooked and eaten | Edible (91), medicinal (26) | 117 | 0.87 | |
Oleaceae | |||||||||
Jasminum humile L. | Peeli chameli | PLP 17933 | Hum | Rt | Roots are used to cure ringworm | Medicinal (33) | 33 | 0.24 | |
Orchidaceae | |||||||||
Dactylorhiza hatagirea (D.Don) Soó | Salmpanja | PLP 17969 | Hum | Rt | The dried root powder is taken in a small amount (half tea spoon) with milk in case of weakness | Medicinal (60) | 60 | 0.44 | |
Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz | Dhundali | PLP 17999 | Cat | Lf | The leaves are dried and burnt in front of animals suffering from evil eye | Household (58) | 58 | 0.43 | |
Oxalidaceae | |||||||||
Oxalis corniculata L. | Khati Amli | PLP 17812 | Hum | Rt | Root is used to treat dyspepsia | Medicinal (43) | 43 | 0.32 | |
Papaveraceae | |||||||||
Corydalis govaniana Wall. | Phul | PLP 17950 | Hum | Lf | Leaf used to cure joint pain | Medicinal (21) | 21 | 0.16 | |
Phytolaccaceae | |||||||||
Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. | Kafal | PLP 17944 | Hum/Cat | Lf, Fr | Leaves are used as vegetable and fruits are used to feed the poultry | Edible (97) | 97 | 0.72 | |
Pinaceae | |||||||||
Cedrus deodara (Roxb. ex D.Don) G.Don | Dyaar | PLP 17940 | Cat | Wd | Oil is applied on the feet of cattle to control maggots | Medicinal (45) | 45 | 0.33 | |
Plantaginaceae | |||||||||
Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle | Karu | PLP 17895 | Hum | Rt | Used to cure fever and jaundice | Medicinal (63) | 63 | 0.47 | |
Polygonaceae | |||||||||
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench | Helangala | PLP 17843 | Hum | Sd, Lf | The seeds are roasted and eaten as culinary and leaf eaten as a vegetable | Edible (88) | 88 | 0.65 | |
Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill | Chukru | PLP 17909 | Hum | Lf | Leaves and young shoots are edible and used in chutney (sauce), pickles. Leaves are eaten to cure stomach disorders | Edible (87), medicinal (21) | 108 | 0.80 | |
Persicaria amplexicaulis (D.Don) Ronse Decr. | Masloon | PLP 17813 | Hum | Rt | Root used in making tea | Edible (116) | 116 | 0.86 | |
Polygonum aviculare L. | Nadi | PLP 17823 | Hum | Ap | Aerial part is cooked and eaten as a vegetable and is also used to cure pneumonia | Edible (104), medicinal (21) | 125 | 0.93 | |
Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Delarbre | Ganeri | PLP 17882 | Hum | Lf | Leaves are cooked and eaten as a vegetable | Edible (83) | 83 | 0.61 | |
Rheum australe D. Don | Chukri | PLP 17899 | Hum | Rt | It is used as tooth cleaning powder. An adequate amount of root powder is given to the buffalos to cure a cough | Household (89), medicinal (52) | 141 | 1.04 | |
Rumex hastatus D. Don | Khatti butti | PLP 17836 | Hum/Cat | Lf, Wp | Fresh leaf juice is used to cure foot disease of the animal. The whole plant is wrapped around Arisaema tuber and boiled in water for 1–2 h to remove its bitterness. | Medicinal (31), household (116) | 147 | 1.09 | |
Primulaceae | |||||||||
Primula floribunda Wall. | Phool | PLP 17941 | Hum | Rt, Lf | Root and leaves are used to wash milk containers made up of mud or steel | Household (103) | 103 | 0.76 | |
Ranunculaceae | |||||||||
Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle | Patish | PLP17906 | Hum | Rt | Used to cure a cough and fever | Medicinal (74) | 74 | 0.55 | |
Caltha palustris L. | Butti | PLP 17951 | Cat | Lf | Leaf used to heal worm infected sores and wound | Medicinal (16) | 16 | 0.12 | |
Ranunculus spp. | Phool | PLP 17934 | Cat | Ap | Fodder for goat and buffalos | Fodder (117) | 117 | 0.87 | |
Rosaceae | |||||||||
Cotoneaster spp. | Leo/Loon | PLP 17938 | Cat | Lf | Used as fodder | Fodder (83) | 83 | 0.61 | |
Fragaria indica Andrews | Bada Mewa | PLP 17920 | Hum | Fr | Ripen fruits are eaten | Edible (79) | 79 | 0.59 | |
Fragaria nubicola (Lindl. ex Hook.f.) Lacaita | Mewa | PLP 17946 | Hum | Fr | Ripen fruits are eaten | Edible (105) | 105 | 0.78 | |
Fragaria vesca L. | Buti | PLP 17850 | Hum | Fr | Ripen fruits are eaten | Edible (110) | 110 | 0.81 | |
Prunus armeniaca L. | Khumani | PLP 17939 | Hum | Fr | Ripen fruits are eaten | Edible (121) | 121 | 0.90 | |
Prunus cornuta (Wall. ex Royle) Steud. | Jamu | PLP 17912 | Hum | Fr, Sd | Fruit is edible and seed crushed and taken internally to cure diabetes | Edible (97), medicinal (33) | 130 | 0.96 | |
Prunus persica (L.) Batsch | Aaru | PLP 17947 | Hum | Fr | Ripen fruits are eaten | Edible (99) | 99 | 0.73 | |
Rosa macrophylla Lindl. | Jungli gulab | PLP 17958 | Hum | Fl | Flowers are used by local healers to cure stomachache | Medicinal (17) | 17 | 0.13 | |
Rubus niveus Thunb. | Aakhe/Karer | PLP 17965 | Hum | Fr | Ripen fruits are eaten | Edible (94) | 94 | 0.70 | |
Sorbaria tomentosa (Lindl.) Rehder | Paddad | PLP 17926 | Cat | Lf | Leaves are used as vermicide in case of animals | Medicinal (43) | 43 | 0.32 | |
Spiraea canescens D.Don. | Preud | PLP 17972 | Hum | St | The stems are used to make brooms and baskets (kirra) | Household (81) | 81 | 0.60 | |
Rubus ellipticus Sm. | Aakhe/Karer | PLP 17863 | Hum | Fr | Ripen fruits are eaten | Edible (87) | 87 | 0.64 | |
Rutaceae | |||||||||
Boenninghausenia albiflora (Hook.) Rchb. ex Meisn. | Pisu mar butti | PLP 17809 | Hum | Lf | Leaves are used to kill bed bug | Household (78) | 78 | 0.58 | |
Sapindaceae | |||||||||
Acer caesium Wall. ex Brandis | Kajlu/ Jawandali | PLP 17900 | Cat | Lf | The leaves of the plant are given as fodder to animals | Fodder (99) | 99 | 0.73 | |
Aesculus indica (Wall. ex Cambess.) Hook. | Goon | PLP 17858 | Cat | Lf | The leaves of the plant are given as fodder to animals | Fodder (56) | 56 | 0.41 | |
Saxifragaceae | |||||||||
Bergenia stracheyi (Hook.f. & Thomson) Engl. | Kapdolu | PLP 17952 | Hum | Rt | Used to cure kidney stone | Medicinal (49) | 49 | 0.36 | |
Scrophulariaceae | |||||||||
Verbascum thapsus L. | Jungli tambaku | PLP 17975 | Cat | Sd | Seeds are ground and mixed with wheat flour and given to cattle suffering from indigestion | Medicinal (31) | 31 | 0.23 | |
Simaroubaceae | |||||||||
Brucea javanica (L.) Merr | Hala | PLP 17854 | Hum | Fr | The fruit is used to make chutney (sauce) | Edible (111) | 111 | 0.82 | |
Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle | Ramban | PLP 17996 | Cat | Lf | The leaves of the plant are given as fodder to animals | Fodder (45) | 45 | 0.33 | |
Solanaceae | |||||||||
Solanum nigrum L. | Makoi | PLP 17831 | Hum | Lf, Fr | The tender leaves are eaten to treat dysentery and fruits are edible | Edible (55), medicinal (49) | 104 | 0.77 | |
Taxaceae | |||||||||
Taxus wallichiana Zucc. | Nagdaun/Brahmi | PLP 17904 | Hum | Bk | The bark is very often used in flavouring tea | Edible (81) | 81 | 0.60 | |
Thymelaeaceae | |||||||||
Daphne papyracea Wall. ex G. Don | Nera | PLP 17954 | Cat | Lf | Leaves are given to cattle in case of cough and cold | Medicinal (55) | 55 | 0.41 | |
Urticaceae | |||||||||
Urtica dioica L. | Ain | PLP 17818 | Hum/Cat | Lf | The leaf paste is applied to injuries to reduce swelling. The leaves are cooked very often as a vegetable in anaemic condition. | Edible (113), medicinal (69) | 182 | 1.35 |