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Table 1 Perceived importance of ecosystem services by villages and trends in the last 5 years

From: Local perceptions and factors determining ecosystem services identification around two forest reserves in Northern Benin

Perception

Importance of ES

Trends of ES

Very important

Not important

Do not know

Improving

Declining

No change

Do not know

Provisioning services

Livestock feed

36.00

8.00

4.00

8.00

24.00

8.00

8.00

Livestock

92.00

0.00

0.00

40.00

36.00

12.00

4.00

Building/frame

20.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

20.00

0.00

0.00

Crops

100.00

0.00

0.00

32.00

36.00

28.00

4.00

Fuel

100.00

0.00

0.00

12.00

84.00

4.00

0.00

Wild foods (plants, animals)

48.00

8.00

0.00

4.00

48.00

0.00

4.00

Genetic resources

16.00

0.00

0.00

4.00

8.00

4.00

0.00

Ornamental resources

4.00

0.00

0.00

4.00

12.00

4.00

0.00

Plant-derived medicines

96.00

0.00

4.00

12.00

68.00

20.00

0.00

Regulating and support services

Pollination

76.00

0.00

8.00

12.00

44.00

4.00

24.00

Regulation of air quality

80.00

0.00

0.00

8.00

20.00

32.00

20.00

Erosion regulation

12.00

4.00

0.00

0.00

12.00

0.00

4.00

Climate regulation

64.00

0.00

20.00

4.00

44.00

12.00

24.00

Cultural services

Education and knowledge systems

80.00

0.00

4.00

0.00

64.00

8.00

4.00

Asthetic value

4.00

0.00

8.00

0.00

4.00

0.00

8.00

Spiritual value

64.00

0.00

12.00

0.00

40.00

20.00

16.00

Cultural practices

36.00

0.00

16.00

0.00

24.00

8.00

20.00

Recreation

36.00

0.00

4.00

0.00

20.00

8.00

12.00

  1. Legend: ES ecosystem services