Farmers’ perceptions of navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production constraints, preferred traits and farming systems and their implications on bean breeding: a case study from South East Lowveld region of Zimbabwe

Mutari, Bruce; Sibiya, Julia; Bogweh Nchanji, Eileen; Simango, Kennedy; Gasura, Edmore

doi:10.1186/s13002-021-00442-3

Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine

Table 4 Important crops in terms of cultivation area, cash income and food security (percentage of respondents)

From: Farmers’ perceptions of navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production constraints, preferred traits and farming systems and their implications on bean breeding: a case study from South East Lowveld region of Zimbabwe

		Villages
		Gudyanga (%)			Maunganidze (%)			Nenhowe (%)			Tonhorai (%)			Overall Mean
								Sex
Criterion	Crop	M^a	F^b	Mean	M	F	Mean	M	F	Mean	M	F	Mean	M	F	Mean	P value
Cultivation area	Maize	48.8¹	100¹	74.4¹	89.6¹	65.2¹	77.4¹	100¹	74¹	87¹	70.4¹	100¹	85.2¹	77.2¹	84.8¹	81¹	0.039^*
	Beans	16.4³	57.2²	36.8²	32.8²	65.2¹	49²	44.4²	29.6²	37²	39.2²	70.4²	54.8²	33.2²	55.6²	44.4²	0.044^*
	Wheat	16.4³	16.4⁴	16.4⁴	0	0	0	29.6³	0	14.8⁴	8⁴	0	4⁶	13.5⁶	4.1⁷	8.8⁶	0.052
	Onions	24.4²	8.4⁵	16.4⁴	8⁵	40.8³	24.4⁴	14.8⁵	0	7.4⁵	8⁴	23.6⁴	15.8⁴	13.8⁵	18.2⁴	16⁴	0.050^*
	Tomatoes	16.4³	48.8³	32.6³	32.8²	24.44⁴	28.6³	14.8⁵	0	7.4⁶	8⁴	39.2³	23.6³	18³	28.1³	23.1³	0.047^*
	Sorghum	0	5.6⁷	2.8⁷	16.4⁴	8⁵	12.2⁵	29.6³	29.6²	29.6³	15.6³	8⁵	11.8⁵	15.4⁴	12.8⁵	14.1⁵	0.052
	Lablab	0	0	0	0	8⁵	4⁶	0	14.8⁴	7.4⁶	0	0	0	0	5.7⁶	2.9⁸	0.052
	Velvet beans	16.4³	8⁶	12.2⁶	0	8⁵	4⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0	4.1⁷	4⁸	4.1⁷	0.052
Cash Income	Maize	0	40.8⁴	20.4⁴	24.4³	65.2¹	44.8²	44.4²	59.2¹	51.8²	31.2²	70.4¹	50.8²	25²	58.9²	42.0²	0.043^*
	Beans	40.8¹	89.6¹	65.2¹	40.8¹	57.2²	49¹	100¹	29.6²	64.8¹	54.8¹	62.8²	58.8¹	59.1¹	59.8¹	59.5¹	0.044^*
	Wheat	16.4⁴	8⁶	12.2⁶	24.4³	32.8³	28.6³	14.8⁵	14.8³	14.8⁴	8⁵	15.6⁶	11.8⁵	15.9⁶	17.8⁵	16.9⁵	0.051
	Onions	16.4⁴	48.8³	32.6³	24.4³	0	12.2⁷	29.6³	14.8³	22.2³	8⁵	8⁷	8⁷	19.6⁴	17.9⁶	18.8⁴	0.049^*
	Tomatoes	32.8²	57.2²	45²	32.8²	24.4⁴	28.6³	0	14.8³	7.4⁶	31.2²	39.2³	35.2³	24.2³	33.9³	29.1³	0.047^*
	Lablab	32.8²	0	16.4⁵	8⁷	8⁷	8⁸	29.6³	0	14.8⁵	0	23.6⁵	11.8⁵	17.6⁵	7.9⁷	12.8⁶	0.050
	Velvet beans	0	0	0	16.4⁶	16.4⁵	16.4⁵	14.8⁵	0	7.4⁶	15.6⁴	0	7.8⁸	11.7⁷	4.1⁸	7.9⁸	0.052
	Okra	0	16.4⁵	8.2⁷	8⁷	16.4⁵	12.2⁶	0	14.8³	7.4⁶	0	31.2⁴	15.6⁴	2⁸	19.7⁴	10.9⁷	0.050^*
Food security	Maize	100¹	100¹	100¹	100¹	100¹	100¹	100¹	100¹	100¹	100¹	100¹	100¹	100¹	100¹	100¹	NS
	Beans	8.0²	24²	16²	8.0³	16.4²	12.2⁴	14.8²	29.6²	22.2²	8.0³	23.6³	15.8³	11.6³	23.4²	17.5²	0.052
	Sorghum	0.0	0.0	0.0	16.4²	16.4²	16.4²	14.8²	14.8³	14.8³	15.6²	31.2²	23.4²	11.7²	15.6³	13.7³	0.051
	Wheat	0.0	8.0³	8.0³	16.4²	16.4²	16.4²	0.0	0.0	0.0	15.6²	8⁴	11.8⁴	8³	8.1⁴	8.1⁴	0.052

The values in parentheses indicate the percentage of respondents who selected the respective particular crop, and the superscript indicates the relative rank of the crop
^*Denotes that the villages differed significantly at P ≤ 0.05
^aM male
^bF female

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