Fig. 2

Overlay analysis of the association between demarcation tree location in 2011 and past land use in the 1880s in the Rapid Survey Map. Circles indicate the location of individual demarcation trees: a Deutzia crenata Siebold et Zucc., b Pourthiaea villosa (Thunb.) DC., c Celtis sinensis Pers., d Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, e Euonymus japonicus Thunb., and f Morus spp. Areas in white were not mapped in the study (including the small square). g An example of a work screen for interpreting the land-use legend in the Rapid Survey Map of the planting position of each demarcation tree in Shimana village