Table 1 Wildlife species reported in this study as being used in TKM by practitioners (n = 33)
From: Traditional Khmer Medicine and its role in wildlife use in modern-day Cambodia
Common name | Species present in Cambodia | Authority name* | IUCN Red List Status** | Cites appendix*** | Practicing (before 5Â years ago) | Practicing (during the past 5Â years) | Parts used | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | ||||||
Loris | Nycticebus bengalensis Nycticebus pygmaeus | Lacépède, 1800 Bonhote, 1907 | EN EN | I | 14 | 42.4 | 16 | 48.5 | Whole body, stomach |
Mainland serow | Capricornis sumatraensis | Bechstein, 1799 | VU | I | 10 | 30.3 | 13 | 39.4 | Bone, horn, blood and skin |
Porcupine | Hystrix brachyura Atherurus macrourus | Linnaeus, 1758 Linnaeus, 1758 | LC LC | – | 10 | 30.3 | 9 | 27.3 | Stomach, canine teeth, and blood |
Tiger | Panthera tigris | Linnaeus, 1758 | EN | I | 5 | 15.2 | 5 | 15.2 | Bone, gall bladder, canine teeth and claw |
Bears | Ursus thibetanus Helarctos malayanus | Cuvier, 1823 Raffles, 1821 | VU VU | I | 12 | 36.4 | 5 | 15.2 | Gall bladder/bile, claw, blood, paw, teeth and skin |
Asian elephant | Elephas maximus | Linnaeus, 1758 | EN | I | 6 | 18.2 | 4 | 12.1 | Molar, bone, ivory penis and skin |
Wild boar | Sus scrofa | Linnaeus, 1758 | LC | – | 5 | 15.2 | 4 | 12.1 | Fat |
Deer | Cervidae | – | EN VU LC | – | 4 | 12.1 | 4 | 12.1 | Horn, bone, penis, leg and hoof |
Sunda pangolin | Manis javanica | Desmarest, 1822 | CR | I | 2 | 6.1 | 2 | 6.1 | Whole body, scale, and blood |
Gaur | Bos gaurus | C.H. Smith, 1827 | VU | I | 2 | 6.1 | 1 | 3.0 | Horn and bone |
Greater hog badger | Arctonyx collaris | F.G. Cuvier, 1825 | VU | – | 3 | 9.1 | 1 | 3.0 | Fat, bone, teeth and gall bladder |
Irrawaddy dolphin | Orcaella brevirostris | Owen in Gray, 1866 | EN | I | 2 | 6.1 | 1 | 3.0 | Bone |
Langur | Trachypithecus sp. Pygathrix sp. | – | – | – | 2 | 6.1 | 1 | 3.0 | - |
Others: Dhole, Big cat sp. |  | – | – | – | 1 | 3.0 | 1 | 3.0 | - |
Asian openbill | Anastomus oscitans | Boddaert, 1783 | LC | – | 2 | 6.1 | 2 | 6.1 | Beak |
Hornbill sp. | Buceros sp. | – |  |  | 2 | 6.1 | 2 | 6.1 | Beak |
Lesser coucal | Centropus bengalensis | Gmelin, 1788 | LC | – | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | Whole body |
Woodpecker | – | – | – | – | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | Whole body |
Tortoise sp./Softshell turtle | – | – | – | – | 7 | 21.2 | 3 | 9.0 | Whole body, blood, head and chest |
Python | Python sp. | – | – | – | 4 | 12.1 | 2 | 6.1 | Gall bladder |
Cobra | – | – | – | – | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | Whole body, blood and gallbladder |
Snake | – | – | – | – | 2 | 6.1 | 1 | 3 | Whole body and blood |
Crocodile | – | – | – | – | 2 | 6.1 | 1 | 3 | Teeth |
Toad | – | – | – | – | 2 | 6.1 | 2 | 6.1 | Whole body |