Fig. 1

Fusion—diversification—Scenario 2: In the first scenario, medical systems are analyzed separately. The local medical system addresses vomiting but lacks a therapeutic strategy for respiratory diseases, whereas the biomedical system covers both areas. In the second scenario, fusion-diversification occurs, where, in the coexistence of both systems, the local strategy is retained for vomiting, and the biomedical system is integrated to address respiratory diseases. Thus, the biomedical system complements the local one, filling therapeutic gaps and diversifying the system, aligning with the Diversification Hypothesis, hence the term "Fusion-Diversification”