Seeds used for Bodhi beads in China

Li, Feifei; Li, Jianqin; Liu, Bo; Zhuo, Jingxian; Long, Chunlin

doi:10.1186/1746-4269-10-15

Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine

Table 1 Plants used for making Bodhi beads

From: Seeds used for Bodhi beads in China

No.	Chinese name	Common name	Family name	Scientific name	Occurrence frequency	Additional use(s) in China	Other countries	Distribution
1	Wu yan liu tong 五眼六通	Five eyes six sense	Anacardiaceae	Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) B.L. Burtt & A.W. Hill	26.19	Medicinal, edible, timber plant		*
2	Gui lian 鬼脸	Grimace	Anacardiaceae	Dracontomelon macrocarpum H.L. Li	18.25	Medicinal, edible, landscape plant		*
3	Xue lian zi 雪莲子	Snow lotus seed	Anacardiaceae	Pistacia vera L.	14.29	Medicinal, edible plant		**
4	Jin yuan bao 金元宝	Gold ingot	Apocynaceae	Thevetia peruviana (Persoon) K. Schumann	7.14	Medicinal, landscape plant	India [7], Amazonian tribes [13]	*
5	Zi guang feng yan 紫光凤眼	Purple phoenix eye	Arecaceae	Archontophoenix alexandrae (F. Muell.) H. Wendl. & Drude	0.79	andscape plant		**
6	Jin si bao ta 金丝宝塔	Golden pagoda	Arecaceae	Areca catechu L.	15.08	Medicinal, edible plant	India [7]	*
7	Yu mi 玉米	Corn	Arecaceae	Areca triandra Roxb. ex Buch.-Ham.	6.35	landscape, fiber plant		**
8	Jin xian 金线	Gold thread	Arecaceae	Caryota maxima Blume ex Mart.	38.89	Landscape, edible plant		*
9	Pu ti gen 菩提根	Bodhi root	Arecaceae	Corypha umbraculifera L.	58.73	Landscape, edible, fiber plant	India [7, 14]	**
10	Hu ban 虎斑	Tiger brindle	Arecaceae	Corypha umbraculifera L.	19.84	Landscape, edible, fiber plant	India	**
11	Mi gua 蜜瓜	Honeydew melon	Arecaceae	Corypha umbraculifera L.	13.49	Landscape, edible, fiber plant	India	**
12	Xing yue 星月	Moon and star	Arecaceae	Daemonorops jenkinsiana (Griff.) Mart.	88.10	Medicinal, landscape, fiber plant		*
13	Jin chan 金蝉	Golden cicada	Arecaceae	Daemonorops jenkinsiana (Griff.) Mart.	9.52	Medicinal , landscape, fiber plant		*
14	Mo ni zi 摩尼子	Mani	Arecaceae	Daemonorops jenkinsiana (Griff.) Mart.	8.73	Medicinal, landscape, fiber plant		*
15	Bai yu 白玉	White jade	Arecaceae	Elaeis guineensis Jacq.	15.08	Medicinal, oil-bearing plant		**
16	San yan jin zhu 三眼金猪	Three eyes gloden pig	Arecaceae	Elaeis guineensis Jacq.	13.49	Landscape, oil-bearing, fiber plant		**
17	Xian zhi 仙枝	Xian-Zhi	Arecaceae	Latania loddigesii Mart.	0.79	Landscape plant		**
18	Xiang ya guo 象牙果	Ivory nut	Arecaceae	Phytelephas macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav.	15.08	-	South America [15]	***
19	Zhao cai shu 招财鼠	Money rat	Arecaceae	Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman	24.60	Landscape plant		**
20	Jin fo zhu 金佛珠	Gold Bead	Arecaceae	Trachycarpus fortunei (Hook.) H. Wendl.	5.56	Medicinal, landscape, fiber plant		**
21	Fo yan 佛眼	Buddha-eye	Arecaceae	Washingtonia filifera (Linden ex André) H. Wendl. ex de Bary	0.79	Landscape plant		**
22	Qian si 千丝	Countless ties	Arecaceae	Wodyetia bifurcata A.K. Irvine	3.97	Landscape		**
23	Gan lan 橄榄	Chinese white olive	Burseraceae	Canarium pimela K.D. Koenig	13.49	Medicinal, edible plant		*
24	Fo xin 佛心	Buddha-mind	Cycadaceae	Cycas revoluta Thunb.	1.59	Medicinal, landscape plant		*
25	Jin gang 金刚	King Kong	Elaeocarpaceae	Elaeocarpus angustifolius Blume	92.86	Medicinal, landscape, edible plant	India, Nepal [2]	*
		King Kong (2- furrows)	Elaeocarpaceae	Elaeocarpus hainanensis Oliv.	12.70	Medicinal, landscape, edible plant		*
26	A xiu luo 阿修罗	Asura	Euphorbiaceae	Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.	7.14	Medicinal, landscape, oil-bearing plant	USA (Hawaii), French Polynesia (Tahiti) [6, 16]	*
27	Fu gui zi 富贵子	Riches and honour seed	Fabaceae	Gleditsia sinensis Lam.	11.11	Medicinal, timber, oil-bearing plant		*
28	Tian zhu 天竺	Tenjiku	Fagaceae	Lithocarpus corneus (Lour.) Rehder	14.29	Timber plant		*
29	Yi yi 薏苡	Job’s tears	Gramineae	Coix lacryma-jobi L.	2.38	Medicinal, edible plant	India [7, 18, 20], Colombia [17]	*
30	He tao 核桃	Playing Walnut	Juglandaceae	Juglans regia L.	10.32	Medicinal, edible, timber plant		*
31	Xiang si zi 相思子	Lovesick	Fabaceae	Abrus precatorius L.	3.97	Medicinal plant	India [7], Europe, and America [21]	*
32	Li yu lin 鲤鱼鳞	Carp’s scales	Fabaceae	Acacia confusa Merr.	2.38	Medicinal plant		*
33	Hong xin 红心	Red heart	Fabaceae	Adenanthera pavonina L.	38.89	Medicinal plant	India [7], Amazonia [22]	*
34	Mian qie 缅茄	Doussie	Fabaceae	Afzelia xylocarpa (Kurz) Craib	30.16	Medicinal plant		**
35	Yue liang zi 月亮子	Moon	Fabaceae	Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb.	10.32	Medicinal plant	India [7], Caribbean, Mexico, and Central America [6]	*
37	Tai yang zi 太阳子	Sun	Fabaceae	Caesalpinia major (Medik.) Dandy & Exell	23.02	Medicinal plant	Caribbean, Mexico, and Central America [6]	***
36	Tie lian zi 铁链子	Iron lotus seed	Fabaceae	Caesalpinia minax Hance	3.97	Medicinal plant		*
38	Mu yao zi 木腰子	Climbing entada	Fabaceae	Entada phaseoloides (L.) Merr.	7.14	Medicinal plant	India [7, 23]	*
39	Mu yu guo 木鱼果	Temple block fruit	Fabaceae	Mucuna gigantea (Willd.) DC.	27.78	Landscape plant	Caribbean, Mexico, and Central America [6]	*
40	Jin ling zi 金铃子	Golden jingle bell	Meliaceae	Melia azedarach L.	1.59	Medicinal, timber plant	India [7, 24]	*
41	Jin zhong 金钟	Golden bell	Myrtaceae	Eucalyptus exserta F.Muell.	7.14	Medicinal, timber, oil-bearing plant		**
42	Di xue lian hua 滴血莲花	Bleeding lotus	Pandanaceae	Pandanus tectorius Parkinson ex Du Roi	3.17	Medicinal, oil-bearing plant		*
43	Feng yan 凤眼	Phoenix eye	Rhamnaceae	Ziziphus abyssinica Hochst. ex A. Rich.	57.94	-	India, Nepal [2]	***
44	Long yan 龙眼	Dragon eye	Rhamnaceae	Ziziphus abyssinica Hochst. ex A. Rich.	26.19	-	India, Nepal [2]	***
45	Qi lin yan 麒麟眼	Kylin eye	Rhamnaceae	Ziziphus abyssinica Hochst. ex A. Rich.	17.46	-	India, Nepal [2]	***
46	Lian hua 莲花	Lotus	Rhamnaceae	Ziziphus jujuba Miller	12.70	Medicinal, edible, timber plant		*
47	Xiao feng yan 小凤眼	Small phoenix eye	Rhamnaceae	Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chow	19.84	Medicinal, edible, timber plant	India, Nepal [2]	*
48	Tao he 桃核	Peach	Rosaceae	Amygdalus persica L.	9.52	Medicinal, edible, timber plant		*
49	Xian tao 仙桃	Flat peach	Rosaceae	Amygdalus persica var. compressa (Loudon) T.T. Yu & L.T. Lu	0.79	Medicinal, edible, timber plant		*
50	Gui jian chou 鬼见愁	Sorrowful to a ghost	Sapindaceae	Sapindus saponaria L.	13.49	Medicinal, landscape plant	United States and Mexico [6]	*
51	Tian tai 天台	Tiantai	Tiliaceae	Tilia miqueliana Maxim.	7.14	Medicinal, landscape plant		*
52	Niu tou ma mian 牛头马面	Ox-head and horse-face	Trapaceae	Trapa natans L.	3.97	Medicinal, edible plant		*

(Ranked by family names alphabetically, followed by generic and species names).
Distribution: *Native to China; **Cultivated in China only; ***Not occurring in China.

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ISSN: 1746-4269

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