The ethnoprimatology of the Maijuna of the Peruvian Amazon and implications for primate conservation

Table 4 Traditional Maijuna and Kichwa uses, beliefs, ceremonies, and stories for the primates of Sucusari, Loreto, Peru

Species	Maijuna name^a	Kichwa name^b	Use	Beliefs/ceremonies	Story
Cebuella pygmaea	Camishishi	Chambirisho	Pet	–	No
Leontocebus nigricollis	Chichi	–	Edible^c; pet	–	Yes^g
Aotus vociferans	ɨtɨ	Makuru	Edible^c; pet	Devil monkey	Yes^g
Saimiri sciureus	Bo chichi	Barisa	Edible; pet; bones used as needles to sew handicrafts; teeth used in handicrafts	They are considered the father-in law of the white-fronted capuchin, which is the reason why they travel together in the same troop^g	Yes^g
Callicebus discolor	Ñame bao	Sukali	Edible; pet; tail used as a duster; bones used as needles to sew handicrafts	–	Yes^{g, e}
Callicebus lucifer	Bao	Yana-sukali	Edible; pet; tail used as a duster	–	Yes^g
Pithecia monachus	Baotutu	Parahuaco	Edible^d; pet; tail used as a duster, decoration, and to treat digestive disorders^e; bones used as needles to sew handicrafts	Poisonous for dogs^g	Yes^g
Sapajus macrocephalus	Nea taque	–	Edible; pet	–	No
Cebus albifrons	Bo taque	–	Edible; pet; bones and fur used for handicrafts	–	Yes^g
Lagothrix lagotricha	Naso	Arawata	Edible^d; pet; commercialization of bushmeat^f	Used in the ceremony of the first yearly harvest of Bactris gasipae (pijuayo) palm fruits (last ceremony was performed in 1974)^g	Yes^g
Alouatta seniculus	Jaiquɨ	Imú	Edible; pet; bones used as needles to sew handicfrafts; hyoid bone used to drink water^g, in handicrafts, or for soar throats^g; fur is used to cover drums^e; commercialization of bushmeat^g	Sorcerer monkey^g	Yes^{g, e}

^aTranscription of Maijuna words was accomplished with the help of S. Ríos Ochoa, a bilingual and literate Maijuna individual, using a practical orthography previously established by Velie [77]. The practical orthography developed by Velie consists of 27 letters that are pronounced as if reading Spanish, with the following exceptions: in a position between two vowels, d is pronounced like the Spanish r; ɨ is pronounced like the Spanish u but without rounding or puckering the lips; and a, e, i, o, u, and ɨ are pronounced like a, e, i, o, u, and ɨ but nasalized. Also, the presence of an accent indicates an elevated tone of the voice; accents are only used when the tone is the only difference between two Maijuna words and the word’s meaning is not clarified by its context. The 27 letters that make up the Maijuna alphabet are a, a, b, c, ch, d, e, e, g, h, i, i, j, m, n, ñ, o, o, p, q, s, t, u, u, y, ɨ, and ɨ
^bTranscription of Kichwa words was done by O. Coquinchi Ruiz, a bilingual and literate Kichwa individual, using an unknown orthography
^cLow preference
^dHigh preference
^eKichwa uses, beliefs/ceremonies, of stories
^fMestizo uses, beliefs/ceremonies, of stories
^gMaijuna uses, beliefs/ceremonies, or stories

ISSN: 1746-4269